Search results for "adaptation"

FACTORS INFLUENCING THE FIRST YEAR STUDENTS’ ADAPTATION TO NATURAL SCIENCE STUDIES IN HIGHER EDUCATION

2019

The mass-approach in higher education promotes the broadening of students’ number and diversity therefore the question about the young people’s readiness to adapt to studies becomes more and more topical. Students who enrol in the natural science faculties of the University of Latvia (UL) are motivated and have high assessment in biology and chemistry as school subjects. However, the studies already during the 1st term prove that students encounter problems to get adjusted to the study process. In order to find out the key factors that determine the adaptation of the first-year students to studies, an e-questionnaire was developed and 79 students from the Faculty of Chemistry and Faculty of…

Does It Really Matter? Assessing the Performance Effects of Changes in Leadership and Management Structures in Nordic Higher Education

2019

AbstractUniversities are public organisations, which operate in a highly institutionalised environment. They are heavily dependent on public resources. As such, universities are susceptible to shifts in governance arrangements but are also far from being passive recipients of reform agendas. They face demands from multiple internal constituencies (academics, administrators, students, managers) and from a variety of external stakeholders. This chapter explores the interplay between governance arrangements resulting from policy shifts and university dynamics. It sets the stage for the book, asking the following research questions: (1) what characterises changes in governance regimes in Nordic…

Tall Tales for a Mass Audience: Dutch Penny Prints and Spanish Aleluyas in Comparative Perspective

2021

Abstract In this article we compare Dutch penny prints with Spanish Aleluyas, focusing on three specific functions of this premodern mass medium: popularising and adapting theatre plays; standardising (folk/fairy) tales; adapting and popularising literary classics. Via these functions we address the discrepancies between the two countries considering the materiality of the penny prints, the growth of the production, but also the transition from a predominantly religious, towards a more profane content. Striking was the lack of educative and edifying initiatives in Spain in contrast to the Dutch ideological strategies. We observed some interesting similarities as well. Although in both count…

Validation transculturelle des critères d'évaluation rapportés par le patient dans l'arthrose des membres inférieurs

2010

In joint diseases, Patient-Reported Outcomes (PROs) are now critical outcome measures, required by health authorities and regulatory agencies. Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the psychometric properties of such PROs are needed in order to use them in international therapeutic trials. Thanks to this complex process of cross-cultural validation, the PRO in the target language can take into account the specific socio-cultural features and the linguistic equivalences. The aim of this thesis was to undertake the cross-cultural validation of PROs specifically developed for knee and hip disorders. After explaining the published recommendations for cross-cultural adaptation and then con…

Iberis semperflorens L. an attractive Italian endemic shrub with high potential as flowering potted plant

2009

Effects of heat and cold on health, with special reference to Finnish sauna bathing.

2018

Environmental stress such as extremely warm or cold temperature is often considered a challenge to human health and body homeostasis. However, the human body can adapt relatively well to heat and cold environments, and recent studies have also elucidated that particularly heat stress might be even highly beneficial for human health. Consequently, the aim of the present brief review is first to discuss general cardiovascular and other responses to acute heat stress, followed by a review of beneficial effects of Finnish sauna bathing on general and cardiovascular health and mortality as well as dementia and Alzheimer's disease risk. Plausible mechanisms included are improved endothelial and …

Translational adaptation to heat stress is mediated by RNA 5‐methylcytosine in Caenorhabditis elegans

2021

Abstract Methylation of carbon‐5 of cytosines (m5C) is a post‐transcriptional nucleotide modification of RNA found in all kingdoms of life. While individual m5C‐methyltransferases have been studied, the impact of the global cytosine‐5 methylome on development, homeostasis and stress remains unknown. Here, using Caenorhabditis elegans, we generated the first organism devoid of m5C in RNA, demonstrating that this modification is non‐essential. Using this genetic tool, we determine the localisation and enzymatic specificity of m5C sites in the RNome in vivo. We find that NSUN‐4 acts as a dual rRNA and tRNA methyltransferase in C. elegans mitochondria. In agreement with leucine and proline bein…

Content, cost, and context: A framework for understanding human signaling systems

2019

Humans frequently perform extravagant and seemingly costly behaviors, such as widely sharing hunted resources, erecting conspicuous monumental structures, and performing dramatic acts of religious devotion. Evolutionary anthropologists and archeologists have used signaling theory to explain the function of such displays, drawing inspiration from behavioral ecology, economics, and the social sciences. While signaling theory is broadly aimed at explaining honest communication, it has come to be strongly associated with the handicap principle, which proposes that such costly extravagance is in fact an adaptation for signal reliability. Most empirical studies of signaling theory have focused on…

From the Editor in Chief: The Axes for the Modern Age

2020

Application of the SWAP model to predict impact of climate change on soil water balance in a Sicilian vineyard

2012

In Sicily, the increasing scarcity of quality water is leading to irrigation with saline water in soils having a considerable susceptibility to salinization and degradation. In this paper, water flow and solute transport in a Sicilian irrigated soil was simulated by using the SWAP model, and the simulated results compared to measured values of soil moisture and salinity. The investigation was carried out in a vineyard located in Sicily (Mazara del Vallo, Trapani Province) within the framework of the Project: Evolution of cropping systems as affected by climate change (CLIMESCO). The soil hydraulic parameters were obtained by inverse method based on multi-step outflow experiments. The result…