Search results for "adaptation"
showing 10 items of 1775 documents
Manipulation of fish host by eye flukes in relation to cataract formation and parasite infectivity
2005
Trophically transmitted parasites may predispose infected hosts to predation by altering host behaviour, which can be either an adaptation of the parasites to enhance transmission to the next hosts in the life cycle or a nonadaptive side-effect of infection. In an experimental study, we investigated host manipulation by Diplostomum spathaceum (Trematoda), an eye fluke of fish, to evaluate its adaptive value as a parasite strategy to increase transmission efficiency to bird hosts. The parasite induces cataract formation in the lenses of fish eyes, and predisposes fish to predation by reducing their escape response. We examined the effect of developmental stage and the number of parasites on …
Toward Understanding Contradictions in Enterprise System Implementations: Insights from a Case Study
2013
This chapter presents findings from a study of the implementation of an enterprise system in an organization. The implementation process is viewed from a dialectic perspective, which means thinking in terms of contradictions. This chapter raises the following research question: how can we understand contradictions in enterprise system (ES) implementations? To answer this question, an interpretive research approach was chosen. The empirical part is a longitudinal case study. The system was in this case an innovative combination of collaboration and information management technologies. The main contradiction studied in this case was between an as-is implementation of standard software and an …
Adaptación transcultural al español y validez de contenido de 3 escalas de riesgo nutricional
2022
Introduction: There are various scales designed to determine the risk of malnutrition at hospital admission in children. However, most of these instruments are developed and published in English. Their cross-cultural adaptation and validation being mandatory in order to be used in our country. Objectives: Cross-culturally adapt three scales designed to determine the risk of malnutrition linked to the disease and determine the validity of their content. Material and methods: Cross-cultural adaptation using the translation-back-translation met-hod in accordance with the recommendations of the International Test Commission Guidelines for Translating and Adapting Tests. Content validity was mea…
Evolutionary Considerations in Potato Pest Management
2013
Incorporating our knowledge of fundamental evolutionary processes into pest control practices is essential for maximizing their efficiency. The insect pest complex of potato is characterized by a high degree of plasticity and adaptability. In particular, the Colorado potato beetle quickly expanded its host range to include cultivated potato, and has shown a remarkable ability to evolve resistance to a wide variety of chemicals. Another major pest of potatoes, the green peach aphid, is also very adaptable to insecticides. Both of these insects can also develop resistance to non-chemical methods of their suppression, such as biological control and crop rotation. In addition, understanding ins…
Integrazione, espressioni delle differenze: una ricerca a Palermo
2018
Il fenomeno migratorio verso l’UE negli ultimi decenni ha rivelato la debolezza dei modelli di integrazione. Sul piano sociale non si è riusciti a governare un cambiamento di convivenza oggi improcrastinabile. Le comunità di immigrati popolano le nostre città lavorano, consumano, si incontrano, e non smettono di praticare le proprie espressioni religiose e culturali di origine. Quale ruolo gioca l’espressione delle differenze, modellate dall’adattamento, nei processi di integrazione locale? Queste dinamiche sono state analizzate in una ricerca qualitativa condotta a Palermo, i cui principali risultati sono presentati in questo saggio. The migratory phenomenon to the EU in recent decades sho…
Motivations and domain specificity in intercultural adaptation : bloggers' experiences in their new host countries
2014
The current qualitative study investigates immigrant’s intrinsic (internal) and extrinsic (external) motivations and how they surface in the intercultural adaption process. Additionally, it aims to answer whether immigrant’s adaptation orientations differ between private and public (life) domains by testing Boski’s (2008) IAFS model [the model of integration as functional(partial) specialization]. It is a fairly recent model of adaptation and only few prior studies have utilized it. The study concentrates on voluntary migrants, individuals, who have made a personal choice to leave their homelands. In the current study naturally occurring data in a form of weblogs were utilized as research d…
International students' perceptions on their adaptation to Indonesia and their intercultural relationship development : special focus on differences …
2015
Tutkimuksen tavoitteena on selvittää, miten kansainväliset opiskelijat kuvaavat sopeutumistaan Indonesiaan. Sopeutumista tarkastellaan erityisesti niiden ihmissuhteiden valossa, joita opiskelijat loivat Indonesiassa. Tutkimuksen tavoitteena on lisäksi selvittää opiskelijoiden näkemyksiä siitä, miten kulttuuriset viestintätyylien erot sekä Englanti lingua franca -kielenä vaikuttivat ihmissuhteiden kehittymiseen. Tutkimusote on laadullinen. Tutkimukseen osallistujat valittiin yhdistämällä lumipalloja mukavuusotantatapoja. Tutkimusjoukoksi valikoitui 11 opiskelijaa, joista 10 osallistui AIESEC-järjestön työharjoitteluohjelmaan, kun taas yksi tutkimukseen osallistujista oli AFS-ohjelman oppilas…
Adaptive semantic web based environment for web resources
2008
Tulevaisuuden kaikkialle ulottuvassa internetissä tietojärjestelmät kommunikoivat paitsi käyttäjien kanssa, myös toisten sovellusten ja instrumentoitujen laitteiden kanssa. Tämän dynaamisen ja heterogeenisen digitaalisen ympäristön hallinnoimiseksi ja hyödyntämiseksi käyttämiemme laitteiden tulisi olla nykyistä proaktiivisempia ja tiedon tulisi olla kuvattu nykyistä kontekstitietoisemmalla tavalla.Lisäksi tulevaisuuden verkon resurssit tulisi kyetä kuvaamaan semanttisesti, jotta eri resurssit voidaan löytää ja sovittaa yhteen automaattisesti. Tämä mahdollistaa myös päätelmien tekemisen järjestelmien tiedoista sekä monimutkaisen kokonaisuuden komponenttien käyttäytymisen ohjaamisen helpommin…
Eukaryotic snoRNAs: a paradigm for gene expression flexibility.
2009
AbstractSmall nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are one of the most ancient and numerous families of non-protein-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). The main function of snoRNAs – to guide site-specific rRNA modification – is the same in Archaea and all eukaryotic lineages. In contrast, as revealed by recent genomic and RNomic studies, their genomic organization and expression strategies are the most varied. Seemingly snoRNA coding units have adopted, in the course of evolution, all the possible ways of being transcribed, thus providing a unique paradigm of gene expression flexibility. By focusing on representative fungal, plant and animal genomes, we review here all the documented types of snoRNA gene organizati…
A genome-wide transcriptional study reveals that iron deficiency inhibits the yeast TORC1 pathway
2019
Iron is an essential micronutrient that participates as a cofactor in a broad range of metabolic processes including mitochondrial respiration, DNA replication, protein translation and lipid biosynthesis. Adaptation to iron deficiency requires the global reorganization of cellular metabolism directed to optimize iron utilization. The budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been widely used to characterize the responses of eukaryotic microorganisms to iron depletion. In this report, we used a genomic approach to investigate the contribution of transcription rates to the modulation of mRNA levels during adaptation of yeast cells to iron starvation. We reveal that a decrease in the activity…