Search results for "adiabatic"

showing 10 items of 285 documents

A method for computing synchrotron and inverse-Compton emission from hydrodynamic simulations of supernova remnants

2015

Abstract The observational signature of supernova remnants (SNRs) is very complex, in terms of both their geometrical shape and their spectral properties, dominated by non-thermal synchrotron and inverse-Compton scattering. We propose a post-processing method to analyse the broad-band emission of SNRs based on three-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations. From the hydrodynamical data, we estimate the distribution of non-thermal electrons accelerated at the shock wave and follow the subsequent evolution as they lose or gain energy by adiabatic expansion or compression and emit energy by radiation. As a first test case, we use a simulation of a bipolar supernova expanding into a cloudy medium…

PhysicsShock waveNuclear and High Energy PhysicsRadiationScatteringAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaInverseAstrophysicsElectronRadiation01 natural sciencesSynchrotronlaw.inventionSupernovalaw0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsAdiabatic process010303 astronomy & astrophysicsAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsHigh Energy Density Physics
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Note on the pragmatic mode-sum regularization method: Translational-splitting in a cosmological background

2021

The point-splitting renormalization method offers a prescription to calculate finite expectation values of quadratic operators constructed from quantum fields in a general curved spacetime. It has been recently shown by Levi and Ori that when the background metric possesses an isometry, like stationary or spherically symmetric black holes, the method can be upgraded into a pragmatic procedure of renormalization that produces efficient numerical calculations. In this note we show that when the background enjoys three-dimensional spatial symmetries, like homogeneous expanding universes, the above pragmatic regularization technique reduces to the well established adiabatic regularization metho…

PhysicsSpacetime010308 nuclear & particles physicsFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)16. Peace & justiceIsometry (Riemannian geometry)01 natural sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyRenormalizationTheoretical physicsQuadratic equationRegularization (physics)0103 physical sciencesMetric (mathematics)Homogeneous space010306 general physicsAdiabatic process
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R-summed form of adiabatic expansions in curved spacetime

2020

The Feynman propagator in curved spacetime admits an asymptotic (Schwinger-DeWitt) series expansion in derivatives of the metric. Remarkably, all terms in the series containing the Ricci scalar R can be summed exactly. We show that this (non-perturbative) property of the Schwinger-DeWitt series has a natural and equivalent counterpart in the adiabatic (Parker-Fulling) series expansion of the scalar modes in an homogeneous cosmological spacetime. The equivalence between both R-summed adiabatic expansions can be further extended when a background scalar field is also present.

PhysicsSpacetime010308 nuclear & particles physicsScalar (mathematics)FOS: Physical sciencesPropagatorGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)01 natural sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyHomogeneous0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsAdiabatic processSeries expansionScalar fieldMathematical physicsScalar curvature
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Electric Field Control of Spin States in Trigonal Two-Electron Quantum Dot Arrays and Mixed-Valence Molecules: II. Vibronic Problem

2018

In this article, the vibronic model for an electric field switchable mixed-valence trimer containing two delocalized electrons or holes is proposed and examined. The role of the vibronic coupling on the electric field effects is analyzed by means of the semiclassical adiabatic approach and, alternatively, with the aid of the numerical analysis of the Schrodinger equation with due allowance for the kinetic energy of the ions (dynamic problem). The adiabatic potential landscapes have been calculated by taking into account the influence of the electric field. As the adiabatic approximation has a limited frame of validity, the study of the electric field effects has also been performed within m…

PhysicsSpin states02 engineering and technologyElectron010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesMolecular physics0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsSchrödinger equationAdiabatic theoremsymbols.namesakeDelocalized electronVibronic couplingGeneral EnergyElectric fieldPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClusterssymbolsPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry0210 nano-technologyAdiabatic processThe Journal of Physical Chemistry C
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Tunneling in a ?breathing? double well: Adiabatic and antiadiabatic limits and tunneling suppression

1995

Tunneling in a piecewise harmonic potential coupled to a harmonic oscillator is considered by means of the path integral technique. The reduced propagator for the tunneling particle is calculated explicitly and the tunneling splitting is found in semiclassical approximation. The result holds for arbitrary values of the parameters of the system. From this the adiabatic and antiadiabatic approximations are obtained as particular cases and compared with the results obtained differently. The limit of a strong interaction is also considered. It is found that for strong interaction or equivalently for the harmonic frequency tending to zero the preexponential factor in the tunneling splitting tend…

PhysicsStrong interactionScanning tunneling spectroscopyPropagatorSemiclassical physicsCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsAdiabatic theoremCondensed Matter::SuperconductivityQuantum mechanicsGeneral Materials ScienceAdiabatic processQuantum tunnellingHarmonic oscillatorZeitschrift f�r Physik B Condensed Matter
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Analytic density functionals with initial-state dependence and memory

2013

We analytically construct the wave function that, for a given initial state, produces a prescribed density for a quantum ring with two non-interacting particles in a singlet state. In this case the initial state is completely determined by the initial density, the initial time-derivative of the density and a single integer that characterizes the (angular) momentum of the system. We then give an exact analytic expression for the exchange-correlation potential that relates two non-interacting systems with different initial states. This is used to demonstrate how the Kohn-Sham procedure predicts the density of a reference system without the need of solving the reference system's Schr\"odinger …

PhysicsStrongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)ta114FOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologyState (functional analysis)Function (mathematics)Time-dependent density functional theory021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsMomentumCondensed Matter - Strongly Correlated ElectronsIntegerQuantum mechanicsKernel (statistics)0103 physical sciencesStatistical physics010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyAdiabatic processQuantumPhysical Review A
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Classical Geometric Phases: Foucault and Euler

2020

In the last chapter we saw how a quantum system can give rise to a Berry phase, by studying the adiabatic round trip of its quantum state on a certain parameter space. Rather than considering what happens to states in Hilbert space, we now turn to classical mechanics, where we are concerned instead with the evolution of the system in configuration space. As a first example, we are interested in the geometric phase of an oscillator that is constrained to a plane that is transported over some surface which moves along a certain path in three-dimensional space. Contrary to determining the Berry phase, there is no adiabatic approximation of the motion along the curve involved. The Foucault phas…

PhysicsSurface (mathematics)Foucault pendulumlaw.inventionAdiabatic theoremsymbols.namesakeClassical mechanicsGeometric phaseQuantum statelawEuler's formulasymbolsConfiguration spaceAdiabatic process
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Constant-adiabaticity pulse schemes for manipulating singlet order in 3-spin systems with weak magnetic non-equivalence

2021

Abstract Parahydrogen-induced polarization (PHIP) is a source of nuclear spin hyperpolarization, and this technique allows for the preparation of biomolecules for in vivo metabolic imaging. PHIP delivers hyperpolarization in the form of proton singlet order to a molecule, but most applications require that a heteronuclear (e.g. 13C or 15N) spin in the molecule is hyperpolarized. Here we present high field pulse methods to manipulate proton singlet order in the [1-13C]fumarate, and in particular to transfer the proton singlet order into 13C magnetization. We exploit adiabatic pulses, i.e., pulses with slowly ramped amplitude, and use constant-adiabaticity variants: the spin Hamiltonian is va…

PhysicsThermal equilibriumNuclear and High Energy PhysicsProtonSpinsBiophysics010402 general chemistryCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciencesBiochemistry030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging0104 chemical sciences03 medical and health sciencesMagnetization0302 clinical medicineSinglet stateHyperpolarization (physics)Atomic physicsAdiabatic processSpin (physics)Journal of Magnetic Resonance
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Mixed-valence molecular four-dot unit for quantum cellular automata: Vibronic self-trapping and cell-cell response

2015

Our interest in this article is prompted by the vibronic problem of charge polarized states in the four-dot molecular quantum cellular automata (mQCA), a paradigm for nanoelectronics, in which binary information is encoded in charge configuration of the mQCA cell. Here, we report the evaluation of the electronic levels and adiabatic potentials of mixed-valence (MV) tetra-ruthenium (2Ru(ii) + 2Ru(iii)) derivatives (assembled as two coupled Creutz-Taube complexes) for which molecular implementations of quantum cellular automata (QCA) was proposed. The cell based on this molecule includes two holes shared among four spinless sites and correspondingly we employ the model which takes into accoun…

PhysicsVibronic couplingElectron transferDelocalized electronQuantum dotCoulombGeneral Physics and AstronomyElectronic structurePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsAdiabatic processQuantum cellular automatonThe Journal of Chemical Physics
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A single stage adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator for testing x-ray microcalorimeters

2004

A single stage Adiabatic Demagnetization Refrigerator (ADR), has been set-up at the X-ray Astronomy Calibration and Testing (XACT) facility of INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Palermo G.S. Vaiana, for the development and testing of cryogenic X-ray detectors for laboratory and astrophysical applications. The ADR allows to cool detectors at temperatures below 40 mK and to maintain them at constant operating temperature for many hours. We describe the design and construction of the ADR and present test results and performances.

PhysicsX-ray astronomyPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsInstrumentationNuclear engineeringX-Ray Astronomy Instrumentation Cryogenics MicrocalorimetersAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsRefrigerator carX-ray detectorCryogenicsAstrophysicsOperating temperatureComputer Science::Computational Engineering Finance and ScienceCalibrationAdiabatic processHigh-Energy Detectors in Astronomy
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