Search results for "adjuvants"
showing 10 items of 151 documents
The baculovirus display technology--an evolving instrument for molecular screening and drug delivery.
2008
High throughput screening is a core technology in drug discovery. During the past decade, several strategies have been developed to screen (poly)peptide libraries for diverse applications including disease diagnosis and profiling, imaging, as well as therapy. The recently established baculovirus display vector system (BDVS) represents a eukaryotic screening platform that combines the positive attributes of both cell and virus-based display approaches, allowing presentation of complex polypeptides on cellular and viral surfaces. Compared to microbial display systems, the BDVS has the advantage of correct protein folding and post-translational modifications similar to those in mammals, facili…
Prophylaxis of lipopolysaccharide-induced shock by α-galactosylceramide
2008
AbstractThe NKT cell ligand α-galactosylceramide and its synthetic homologue KRN7000 stimulate rapid and copious secretion of IFN-γ and TNF-α release, both of which are key mediators of LPS-induced shock. We showed that KRN7000, injected before or within 2 h after LPS challenge, was able to prevent endotoxic shock. KRN7000 induced survival when the mice were injected 6, 9, or 12 days before the first injection of LPS, and this protective effect was associated with reduction upon subsequent challenge in the levels of IFN-γ, TNF-α, MCP-1, and an increase of IL-10. Further analysis showed that the animals treated with KRN7000 prior to LPS challenge had lower numbers of F4/80+, NKT, and NK cell…
New prospective in treatment of Parkinson's disease: Studies on permeation of ropinirole through buccal mucosa
2012
The aptitude of ropinirole to permeate the buccal tissue was tested using porcine mucosa mounted on Franz-type diffusion cells as ex vivo model. Drug permeation was also evaluated in presence of various penetration enhancers and in iontophoretic conditions. Ropinirole, widely used in treatment of motor fluctuations of Parkinson's disease, passes the buccal mucosa. Flux and permeability coefficient values suggested that the membrane does not appear a limiting step to the drug absorption. Nevertheless, an initial lag time is observed but the input rate can be modulated by permeation enhancement using limonene or by application of electric fields. Absorption improvement was accompanied by the …
Mangiferin glycethosomes as a new potential adjuvant for the treatment of psoriasis
2020
[EN] Mangiferin, a natural compound isolated from Mangifera indica L, was incorporated in glycerosomes, ethosomes and alternatively in glycerol-ethanol phospholipid vesicles (glycethosomes). Actually, only glycethosomes were able to stably incorporate the mangiferin that was loaded at increasing concentrations (2, 4, 6, 8 mg/mL). The morphology, size distribution, rheological properties, surface charge and entrapment efficiency of prepared vesicles were deeply measured. All vesicles were mainly spherical, oligolamellar, small in size (similar to 145 nm) and negatively charged (similar to-40 mV), as confirmed by cryo-TEM observation and dynamic laser light scattering measurements. The higher…
Ciamexone in endocrine orbitopathy. A randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
1990
Abstract The influence of ciamexone on the activity and course of endocrine orbitopathy was investigated. Fifty-one patients with active orbitopathy classes II-VI were allocated randomly to two groups: over a period of six months, 26 patients received 300 mg/day ciamexone and 25 patients received placebo tablets. In both groups, prednisolone was administered in addition in the first four weeks. Ophthalmological investigations and clinical tests as well as orbit sonography were carried out before as well as one, three and six months after the beginning of therapy. Before and after treatment, computer tomography of the orbit was performed. Symptoms and signs did not show any significant impro…
Pentobarbital-sensitive EDHF comediates ACh-induced arteriolar dilation in the hamster microcirculation
1999
It is unclear to what extent the endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF) contributes to the control of microcirculatory blood flow in vivo. We analyzed, by intravital microscopy in hamster muscles, the potential role of EDHF along the vascular tree under stimulated (ACh) or basal conditions. Experiments were performed in conscious as well as anesthetized (pentobarbital, urethan) animals. Additionally, cellular effects of the potential EDHF were studied in isolated small arteries. In pentobarbital-anesthetized animals, treatment with N ω-nitro-l-arginine (l-NNA; 30 μmol/l) and indomethacin (3 μmol/l) reduced the dilation in response to 10 μmol/l ACh from 60 ± 6 to 20 ± 4%. This ni…
An assessment of prime‐boost vaccination schedules with AS03A‐adjuvanted prepandemic H5N1 vaccines: a randomized study in European adults
2012
Please cite this paper as: Gillard et al. (2012) An assessment of prime‐boost vaccination schedules with AS03A‐adjuvanted prepandemic H5N1 vaccines: a randomized study in European adults. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses DOI: 10.1111/j.1750‐2659.2012.00349.x. Background Long‐term persistence of immune response and safety of an H5N1 prepandemic influenza vaccine adjuvanted with AS03 (an α‐tocopherol oil‐in‐water emulsion‐based adjuvant system) was evaluated using various prime‐boost schedules that mimicked potential pandemic scenarios (NCT00430521). Methods Five hundred and twelve healthy adults aged 18–60 years received primary vaccination with one or two doses (0, 21 days schedule…
Influenza control in the 21st century: Optimizing protection of older adults
2009
Older adults (> or =65 years of age) are particularly vulnerable to influenza illness. This is due to a waning immune system that reduces their ability to respond to infection, which leads to more severe cases of disease. The majority ( approximately 90%) of influenza-related deaths occur in older adults and, in addition, catastrophic disability resulting from influenza-related hospitalization represents a significant burden in this vulnerable population. Current influenza vaccines provide benefits for older adults against influenza; however, vaccine effectiveness is lower than in younger adults. In addition, antigenic drift is also a concern, as it can impact on vaccine effectiveness due t…
Distinct single-component adjuvants steer human DC-mediated T-cell polarization via Toll-like receptor signaling toward a potent antiviral immune res…
2021
Significance Vaccines profit from the addition of adjuvants to better and more specifically initiate, amplify, and shape immune responses. Although the number of adjuvant candidates has steadily increased, peaking in the current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, little is known about their inherent mode of action. Using human blood immune cells, we established a multilayer method to systematically assess the adjuvants’ effects on innate and adaptive immune cells. By employing a multiplex analysis with cells from 30 different donors, we determined important patterns of adjuvant function. Moreover, we demonstrate correlates of an antiviral immune response using a Toll-like receptor 7/8 ligand adjuvant and…
Alhydrogel® adjuvant, ultrasonic dispersion and protein binding: A TEM and analytical study
2011
Aluminium-based vaccine adjuvants have been in use since the 1920s. Aluminium hydroxide (alum) that is the chemical basis of Alhydrogel, a widely used adjuvant, is a colloid that binds proteins to the particular surface for efficient presentation to the immune system during the vaccination process. Using conventional TEM and cryo-TEM we have shown that Alhydrogel can be finely dispersed by ultrasonication of the aqueous suspension. Clusters of ultrasonicated aluminium hydroxide micro-fibre crystals have been produced (∼ 10-100 nm), that are significantly smaller than those present the untreated Alhydrogel (∼ 2-12 μm). However, even prolonged ultrasonication did not produce a homogenous susp…