Search results for "affect"
showing 10 items of 1382 documents
Production risk, risk aversion and the determination of risk attitudes among Spanish rice producers
2011
Agricultural production is subject to risk and the attitudes of producers toward risk will influence input choices insofar as these affect production risk. Risk attitudes in turn may be affected by certain socioeconomic characteristics of producers. Using 2004 survey data from a cross-section of 130 Spanish rice farms, we estimate risk-aversion coefficients of farmers and investigate the influence of a series of socioeconomic variables on their risk attitudes. Our results show that farmers exhibit risk-averse behavior and that risk attitudes are related to a series of socioeconomic characteristics. In particular, the belief that the farm will continue after the producer retires is found to …
Same work, lower grade? Student ethnicity and teachers’ subjective assessments
2010
Previous research shows that ethnic minority students perform poorer in school when they are taught by ethnic majority teachers. Why this is the case was unclear. This paper focuses on one important potential explanation: I examine whether ethnic majority teachers grade minority and majority students differently for the same work. Using an experiment, I rule out the existence of such a direct grading bias. I do find indirect evidence for alternative explanations: teachers report lower expectations and unfavorable attitudes that both likely affect their behavior towards minority students, potentially inducing them to perform below their ability level. Effects of having majority teachers on m…
Does Firm Size Affect Self-selection and Learning-by-Exporting?
2010
The trade literature has long discussed the existence of some benefits attributed to exporting, among others, the improvement of firm productivity. This paper examines whether firm size plays a role in this supposedly favourable relationship between exporting and total factor productivity (TFP). To examine this, we investigate, separately for large and small firms, whether firms starting to export perform better ex ante (self-selection) than non-exporting firms and, conditional on this fact, if they are also more productive ex post (learning-by-exporting). With this purpose, we use both stochastic dominance and matching techniques. The dataset is a representative sample of Spanish manufactu…
Does Environmental Uncertainty Affect Entrepreneurs’ Orientation and Performance? Empirical Evidence from Indonesian SMEs
2012
Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) have a critical role in economic growth in Indonesia and become the backbone for job creation, poverty alleviation, and safeguard during the crisis. However, they are highly exposed to uncertain environments. The present study aimed to investigate the influence of SMEs’ entrepreneurial orientation on business performance when uncertain environments exist. A total of 152 Indonesian SMEs were studied in order to assess this relationship. Moderated regression analysis is performed as the main statistical procedures to analyse the moderating role of environmental uncertainty on the influence of entrepreneurial orientation on business performance. Surprisingly…
Regional inequalities as drivers of affective polarization
2022
This paper investigates divergences in levels of affective polarization across Belgian regions around the 2019 elections. Elaborating on the relative deprivation theory, we analyse the role of current and long-term socio-economic regional inequalities and of geographical distance separating regions. Empirically, we aggregate individual-level measures of affective polarization at the Belgian NUTS-3 level and use a gravity approach to explore the determinants of regional divergences. Our results show that regional variations in affective polarization are best explained by a current rural–urban divide and by how regions have performed economically in the last years. We also show that geographi…
Examining the side effects of organizational Internet monitoring on employees
2020
PurposeInternet monitoring in organizations can be used to monitor risks associated with Internet usage and information systems in organizations, such as employees' cyberloafing behavior and information security incidents. Extant research has mainly discussed the effect of Internet monitoring in achieving the targeted goals (e.g. mitigating cyberloafing behavior and information security incidents), but little attention has been paid to the possible side effects of Internet monitoring. Drawing on affective events theory, the authors attempt to reveal that Internet monitoring may cause side effects on employees' Internet usage policy satisfaction, intrinsic work motivation and affective organ…
Cooperatives and Social Capital : A Theoretically-Grounded Approach
2019
Social capital is widely regarded as a collective resource with positive effects on the economic performance of cooperatives. This conclusion is based on the implicit assumption that social interactions between cooperative members would inexorably lead to the development of networks, norms and trust. This paper challenges the validity of this assumption. Conceptualizing social capital as a resource of the individual, it is argued that the interactions between cooperative members may lead to the establishment of a variety of complex social ties, some of which can negatively affect the economic performance of the organization. To illustrate this argument, the paper presents an exploratory cas…
Nature in malls: Effects of a natural environment on the cognitive image, emotional response, and behaviors of visitors
2019
This study aims to assess the role of a natural environment and its effects on the following components of attitudes: cognitive image, affective response, and behavioral intentions. Using a survey conducted among 292 mall visitors, this study also examines how the perception of the atmosphere in a mall can indirectly affect behavioral intentions. The findings confirm that the components of cognitive image, namely, appealingly design features, may positively influence affective responses at malls. Affective response also positively impacts the behavioral intention of a mall visitor. Affective response features were found to be more powerful than the cognitive image and natural atmosphere att…
La relazione educativa “affettiva”: ripensare il rapporto tra scuola e famiglia
2018
Educational co-planning and co-responsibility between school and family have been a subject of pedagogical consideration for several years. The literature identifies critical points in the construction of educational partnerships between them because of transformations occurred both in family and in school: they seem to have missed their clear symbolic value. Once, the roles of the adults (teacher or parent) were more important than the persons who actually embodied them; now, instead, we observe a loss in the symbolic value of generational gap and this has implied a change in the educational relationship. It is a shift from an educational style mainly based on authority and norms to one ba…
Estrategias de aprendizaje en educación superior en un modelo curricular por competencias
2014
ResumenLas estrategias de aprendizaje utilizadas por los estudiantes afectan las metas de un modelo educativo; inciden en el tipo de aprendizaje que se pretende lograr. En el análisis sobre estas estrategias que utilizan los alumnos de las carreras de educación superior, cuyo modelo institucional está centrado en el estudiante con el enfoque por competencias, se encontró que la mitad de ellos se auxilian de tácticas acordes con este modelo como el ensayo, la elaboración, las metacognitivas, la autorreguladora, la autoevaluación y el apoyo afectivo; los demás combinan estrategias que conllevan a la memorización con las del aprendizaje significativo; las que menos utilizan son las de organiza…