Search results for "ageing"
showing 10 items of 609 documents
Ethics of aging
2021
Abstract With a steady increase in the number of older people worldwide and a much higher percentage of older people as part of the overall population, we are on the verge of becoming a mass geriatric society. These gains in extra years are not only a prolongation of individual lives but also result in demographic transitions that will challenge economic, social, and geopolitical systems and chiefly our healthcare systems in many countries. Population aging calls for the reassessment of existing policies and programs, in order to ensure a fair distribution of rights, burdens, and responsibilities between generations and to give the opportunity to older people to live fully a phase of life t…
Digital ageing in Europe: a comparative analysis of Italian, Finnish and Swedish national policies on eHealth
2023
AbstractAgeing Europeans are today healthier than previous generations and often manage to live independently up to a high age. The proportion of people 80 years of age and older has increased significantly, and with high age the risk of multi-illness and dementia increases. Strong urbanisation processes have changed the demographic structure in rural areas, and young women and men have migrated towards the urban areas to study and work, while older persons have remained behind. This demographic challenge of increasing numbers of persons older than 80 years with care needs living in remote rural areas has become a major European social problem. In tackling this dilemma, many European countr…
Workforce active ageing case study in a Romanian manufacturing company
2017
Ageing workforce is a major trend that characterizes the demographic evolution of Europe, which generally affects the society, but also the organizations from economic and social point of view. Employers should change their negative perceptions of ageing workforce, whereas the changes that occur along with ageing are unable to influence the efficiency of work, assuming that a suitable strategy implemented to prevent and manage potential problems. The paper includes European and national statistics on the issue, a case study analysing the workforce ageing management in a Romanian manufacturing company, which has succeeded in achieving the active ageing target, and - on this basis - several g…
Rewarding ageing employees—means used in the public sector
2005
Abstract Finland along with the rest of Europe will face considerable challenges in the next five to ten years due to changing age structures. The large number of ageing and aged employees, the baby-boomers, as well as the remarkably low birth rates that have occurred ever since the beginning of the 1980s, have led to a social phenomenon never experienced before. These changes should be considered when designing and implementing human resource strategies in organisations and institutions. This study considers the rewarding of ageing employees as a function of human resource management, and moreover rewarding is considered as an important function of age management. The purpose of this study…
Developmental programming of adult haematopoiesis system
2019
The Barker hypothesis of ‘foetal origin of adult diseases’ has led to emphasize the concept of ‘developmental programming’, based on the crucial role of epigenetic factors. Accordingly, it has been demonstrated that parental adversity (before conception and during pregnancy) and foetal factors (i.e., hypoxia, malnutrition and placental insufficiency) permanently modify the physiological systems of the progeny, predisposing them to premature ageing and chronic disease during adulthood. Thus, an altered functionality of the endocrine, immune, nervous and cardiovascular systems is observed in the progeny. However, it remains to be understood whether the haematopoietic system itself also repres…
Blood and skeletal muscle ageing determined by epigenetic clocks and their associations with physical activity and functioning
2021
AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the correspondence of different biological ageing estimates (i.e. epigenetic age) in blood and muscle tissue and their associations with physical activity (PA), physical function and body composition. Two independent cohorts (N = 139 and N = 47) were included, whose age span covered adulthood (23–69 years). Whole blood and m. vastus lateralis samples were collected, and DNA methylation was analysed. Four different DNA methylation age (DNAmAge) estimates were calculated using genome-wide methylation data and publicly available online tools. A novel muscle-specific methylation age was estimated using the R-package ‘MEAT’. PA was measured with q…
Oral antioxidants counteract the negative effects of female aging on oocyte quantity and quality in the mouse
2002
This study aims to compare the effect of early and late onset administration of oral antioxidants on number and quality of oocytes retrieved from aged mice after exogenous ovarian stimulation. Control hybrid females were fed a standard diet supplemented or not supplemented with pharmacological doses of vitamins C and E either from the first day of weaning or from the age of 32 weeks until they were autopsied at the age 40-42, 50-52, or 57-62 weeks after exogenous ovarian stimulation. Analysis of chromosomal distribution, DNA organization and cellular morphology was performed in ovulated cumulus-enclosed and -free oocytes, ovarian non-germinal vesicle oocytes enclosed by or free of mucous cu…
Stress reactivity elicits a tissue-specific reduction in telomere length in aging zebrafish (Danio rerio)
2020
ABSTRACTTelomere length reflects cellular ageing. Increased telomere shortening in leukocytes is associated with a range of neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases, the onset and progression of which may be mediated by behavioural traits such as anxiety and stress reactivity. However, the effects of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis stress response are shown to be tissue specific. As such, leukocyte telomere length may not give an accurate measure of the relationship between stress-reactivity and telomere length in disease relevant tissues. To test the hypothesis that stress-reactivity contributes to age-related telomere shortening in a tissue specific manner, we examined the co…
Higher physical fitness levels are associated with less language decline in healthy ageing
2017
Healthy ageing is associated with decline in cognitive abilities such as language. Aerobic fitness has been shown to ameliorate decline in some cognitive domains, but the potential benefits for language have not been examined. In a cross-sectional sample, we investigated the relationship between aerobic fitness and tip-of-the-tongue states. These are among the most frequent cognitive failures in healthy older adults and occur when a speaker knows a word but is unable to produce it. We found that healthy older adults indeed experience more tip-of-the-tongue states than young adults. Importantly, higher aerobic fitness levels decrease the probability of experiencing tip-of-the-tongue states i…
Effect of Short-Term and UV Irradiation Aging on the Behaviour of SBS-Modified Bitumen
2022
To obtain road bitumen with improved temperature and fatigue resistance, polymers and/or rubbers could be added to it. A particularly suitable polymer for bitumen modification is styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) copolymer but limited information is available about the ageing behaviour of modified binders. In this work, two neat bitumens, with different penetration grades, and two SBS-modified bitumens, containing different SBS amounts, were selected, and their short-term and UVB ageing behaviour were investigated considering dynamic shear rheometry and Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transformation InfraRed spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). Short-time ageing behaviour was investigated performing…