Search results for "agreement."
showing 10 items of 235 documents
Exemplarity measurement and estimation of the level of interjudge agreement for two categories of French red wines
2015
Abstract Exemplarity measurements of wines by at least 20 judges are used to estimate the degree of interjudge (dis)agreement and to tell wines apart into two contrasting extremes. Two sets of French red wines – Pinot noir from Burgundy and Cabernet franc from the Loire Valley – are studied separately but by the same approach. Short-listing criteria are used to collate 40 starting-price and middle-range wines for each set differing a priori in olfactory terms. Wine professionals assess their local wines first orthonasally and then, independently, by global evaluation. A pool of descriptive and inferential statistics indicates there is generally neither complete divergence nor real agreement…
Building a Medical Research Cloud in the EASI-CLOUDS Project
2014
The demand for IT resources is constantly growing in the scientific area. The ability to store and process increasing amounts of data has transformed many research disciplines, like the life-sciences, which now rely on complex data processing and data analytics. Cloud environments are able to integrate and encapsulate possibly distributed resources and allow convenient and on-demand access to the corresponding services, tools, and complete work environments. The European research project EASI-CLOUDS (http://www. easi-clouds.eu) develops a platform for a convenient service delivery with special regard to service integration, monitoring, management, and Service Level Agreement (SLA) negotiati…
Resource Self-management under an SLA within a Cloud Networking Environment
2015
International audience; Today, cloud networking is one of the recent research areas in the cloud computing research communities. The main drawback of cloud networking consists in the lack of Quality of Service (QoS) guarantee and management in conformance with a corresponding Service Level Agreement (SLA). In this paper, we propose a framework for self-establishing an end-to-end SLA between a Cloud Service User (CSU) and several Cloud Service Providers (CSPs) in a cloud networking environment (inter-cloud Broker and Federation architecture). Then, we propose the self-management of cloud resources under the established SLA using specific autonomic cloud managers. We simulate our proposed fra…
TRIPS Agreement: From Minimum Standards to Double Standards of Intellectual Property Rights Protection in North-South Relations
2015
The WTO Trips agreement's basic objective of establishing minimum international standards for IP rights protection is based on a restrictive " one-fits-all " approach that denies the right to enact or not to enact intellectual property rights provisions to developing countries and least developed countries and restrict their ability to effectively adapt national laws to their own socioeconomic environment and development level. Developed countries had widely benefited from this privilege when no minimum binding standards of intellectual property existed in multilateral relations. The Trips agreement stabilizes the strong inequalities in terms of bargaining power between rich and poor countr…
L'accordo in materia di ambiente
2008
Il concetto di «accordo ambientale» copre una vasta area fenomenica di non facile definizione e classificazione che va dall’impegno unilaterale non giuridicamente vincolante preso da un dato settore industriale al fine di realizzare un certo obiettivo di protezione dell’ambiente, ad un vero e proprio contratto tra l’industria e l’autorità pubblica (nazionale o locale) per negoziare e fissare obiettivi di rilievo ambientale e/o modalità per la loro implementazione. L’indagine monografica sull’istituto, svolta con metodo comparitisitico e centrata sulle esperienze europee, è tesa ad illustrare tanto gli aspetti caratterizzanti l’istituto che si articolano in una area di forte ibridità tra dir…
Governance della filiera tra intervento pubblico e autonomia privata
2020
This volume deals with the complex issue of the agri-food chain, which is a formula for synthesis around which the doctrinal and ideological debate has developed on the process of integrating legal relations that is established from agricultural production to its placing on the market. The extent of the field of investigation, its limits and boundaries affect areas of relevance that affect related sectors with still ambiguous and undefined contours (agrobusiness, agri-food and agro-industrial). The characteristics of the agri-food industry, its differences from agro-industrial, its discipline are always disputed; and even now the legislation and authoritative and distinguished scholars deny…
Deux approches sensorielles autour du concept gras/volume dans les vins blancs et les vins rouges
2013
Introduction. Les descripteurs gras et volume sont des mots très présents dans le discours spécialisé des professionnels du vin mais il ne va pas de soi, a priori, que les différents locuteurs se comprennent quand ils utilisent l’un et l’autre de ces deux termes. Le processus cognitif de détermination sensorielle de ces deux descripteurs apparaît complexe car à la fois multimodal et multiparamétrique. La viscosité, la texture ou le caractère tapissant sont, parmi bien d’autres, autant de dimensions potentiellement sous-jacentes à ces deux termes (Folkenberg et al., 1999 ; Szczesniak, 2002). De plus, et comme le soulignaient déjà Guinard et Mazzucchelli en 1996, le processus de détermination…
Skutki uchylenia układu zawartego w postępowaniu upadłościowym dla wierzytelności objętych układem
2013
The paper deals with the question of consequences which result from annulment of the agreement concluded in bankruptcy proceedings, involving receivables which are included in the agreement. The institution of the very agreement itself and its annulment is a unique solution in the construction of the bankruptcy law. The core of the analyses is the regulation of the bankruptcy and repairing law, according to which, in the case of annulment of the agreement, in the bankruptcy proceedings that are opened, the creditors to date pursue their claims at the initial height of the latter. The due interest is accrued from the day of the validation of the decision on the annulment of the agreement. Th…
Concorrenza tra piattaforme di smistamento della domanda di taxi e concorrenza tra tassisti: l'applicazione del diritto antitrust al conflitto tra My…
2019
L’Autorità garante della concorrenza e del mercato ha avviato un’offensiva nei confronti delle cooperative di radiotaxi che adottano regole e comportamenti volti a dissuadere i propri soci dall’aderire alle nuove piattaforme digitali di smistamento delle chiamate. Ha così condannato le intese verticali tra cooperative di tassisti nei mercati di Roma e Milano e avviato procedimenti per abuso di posizione dominante e intese orizzontali in altri contesti territoriali. Lo scritto prende spunto dai procedimenti in questione, per svolgere osservazioni sul conflitto tra cooperative e Mytaxi e sulla tutela della concorrenza tra piattaforme e di quella tra tassisti, alla luce del diritto antitrust, …
A new inter-cloud service-level guarantee protocol applied to space missions
2017
Nowadays, the term cloud computing often falsely assumes the availability of an unlimited pool of resources. On the contrary, if a cloud provider reaches its limits, it may pose the risk of breaking their service level agreement (SLA). Space agencies could start using the cloud computing model within their IT infrastructure with multiple ground control points around the world to reduce the cost. An inter-cloud communication protocol with a guarantee of the service level will significantly reduce the cost if each ground control segment is considered as a cloud provider. This paper outlines a new protocol that was developed to take into consideration the end-to-end service-level guarantee. Th…