Search results for "agro-ecology"
showing 5 items of 5 documents
Response and effect traits of arable weeds in agro-ecosystems: a review of current knowledge.
2017
25 pages; International audience; Integrating principles of ecological intensification into weed management strategies requires an understanding of the many relationships among weeds, crops and other organisms of agro-ecosystems in a changing context. Extensively used during the last two decades in weed science, trait-based approaches have provided general insights into weed community response to agricultural practices, and recently to understanding the effect of weeds on agro-ecosystem functioning. In this review, we provide a holistic synthesis of the current knowledge on weed response and effect functional traits. Based on the literature and recent advances in weed science, we review cur…
Heterogeneous effects of sustainable agriculture practices: micro-evidence from Malawi
2020
Abstract Are the effects of sustainable agricultural practices heterogeneous across agro-ecology and wealth in Malawi? Would a wealth-enhancing policy be associated with increased effectiveness of these practices? Focusing on a nationally representative set of Malawian agricultural households, the article answers the above questions by employing plot-level panel data matched with a set of geo-referenced rainfall and temperature records. The findings suggest a positive correlation between aggregate yield and the adoption of organic fertilizer. A similar result holds for legume intercropping and for hybrid seeds, which are associated to reductions in yield volatility between the two waves. Ne…
Aerial multispectral imagery for site specific weed management
2017
AGROSUPSPEEAGESTADCT1DOCT; In an agroecological context (French Law on the Future of Agriculture), the reduction of herbicide uses become a crucial issue. It requires developing new technologies allowing a better knowledge of the field. The company AIRINOV, specialized in use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) dedicated to precision agriculture wants to explore a new approach by UAV to localize weed infestation areas. This work aims to develop a method analyzing images acquired by UAV to detect and map weeds in a field. The study is carried out on crops widely grown in France and requiring weed control at a young state of the plant : maize, sunflower and sugar beet. With its on-board sensors …
Intra-row weed detection in wheat at early growing stage using imaging system
2017
AGROSUPSPEEAGESTAD; In the present agroecological context, the reduction of herbicide uses becomes a substantial issue. For weed control and site specific weed management the development of new technologies is required to identify individual plant. Although many crop/weed discrimination methods have been developed, the automatic intra-row weed detection is still a challenge, particularly in wheat. An imaging system is developed to detect black grass in wheat at early growing stage. The technique mimics the method used by a human expert in such conditions. Thus, the hypocotyl diameter was used as distinguishing criterion. For experiments, the seeds of black grass and wheat were sown in recta…
Variation of post-dispersal weed seed predation according to weed species, space and time
2008
International audience; Post-dispersal seed predation is an important source of mortality in plant populations. If this phenomenon is better known in tropical and woody systems, information is lacking for weeds in French agrosystems. In this paper, we evaluated seed predation variability in an organic wheat field by conducting experiments on weed seed preference and on spatial and temporal variation in predation rates. Weed seed predation preferences followed a species rank: Viola arvensis = Stellaria media > Alopecurus myosuroides = Chenopodium album > Sinapis arvensis = Anagallis arvensis = Galium aparine > > Plastic globules (for control), with weekly mean predation rates between 19 and …