Search results for "airs"
showing 10 items of 194 documents
History teaching in Finnish general upper secondary schools: Objectives and practices
2019
In Finland, the trend towards a new kind of history teaching emphasizing the understanding of historical knowledge and historical thinking skills began in the mid-1990s, when history teaching objectives were defined much more broadly in the curriculum than previously. In this article, we examine how, in over twenty years since the changes in curriculum objectives were made, general upper secondary school teachers have come to value the curriculum objectives of history teaching and how these have impacted on their teaching. The data for this article were collected by a semi-structured survey in 2016. Using counts, percentages, means, standard deviations and medians, a descriptive exploration…
A linear Fe-O-Fe unit in bis(dibenzyldimethylammonium) mu-oxo-bis[tribromoferrate(III)].
2006
The title compound, (C 16 H 20 )N) 2 [Fe 2 Br 6 O], crystallizes with one dibenzyldimethylammonium cation and one half of a μ-oxo-bis[tribromoferrate(III)] anion in the asymmetric unit. The bridging oxo group is situated on an inversion centre, resulting in a linear conformation for the Fe-O-Fe unit. The iron(III) cations have tetrahedral geometry, with bond angles in the range 106.8 (1)-112.2 (1)°. The ion pairs are held together by Coulombic forces and C-H···Br hydrogen bonds. Each Br - anion forms one hydrogen bond. No C-H···O hydrogen bonds are found between the O atom in the Fe-O-Fe unit and surrounding counter-cations, consistent with the linear configuration of the Fe-O-Fe unit.
Boolean operations mediated by an ion-pair receptor of a multi-readout molecular logic gate
2013
A heteroditopic BODIPY dye that performs all basic Boolean operations with a cation (K+) and an anion (F-) as inputs and absorption, transmission and fluorescence as outputs is described. The molecular logic gate can also act as a digital comparator between the inputs.
Market Timing with Moving Averages: Anatomy and Performance of Trading Rules
2015
The underlying concept behind the technical trading indicators based on moving averages of prices has remained unaltered for more than half of a century. The development in this field has consisted in proposing new ad-hoc rules and using more elaborate types of moving averages in the existing rules, without any deeper analysis of commonalities and differences between miscellaneous choices for trading rules and moving averages. The first contribution of this paper is to uncover the anatomy of market timing rules with moving averages. Our analysis offers a new and very insightful reinterpretation of the existing rules and demonstrates that the computation of every trading indicator can equiva…
Welfare State Development, Individual Deprivations and Income Inequality: A cross-country analysis in Latin America and the Caribbean
2019
Several scholars have confirmed the role that the welfare state (WS) plays in reducing poverty, promoting equality and ensuring the common wellbeing. One of the limitations of the scholarship has been the conceptualization and operationalization of the WS and poverty as one-dimensional variables. The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between welfare state development –as a one-dimensional and multidimensional variable-, single-dimensions deprivations and income inequality in Latin America and the Caribbean, before and after controlling for demographic and cyclical factors. The WS is operationalized taking into account its multidimensional nature. Three individual deprivat…
Passion and prejudice in research
1997
In every country examined, there are far fewer women in senior positions in science than the number who begin a career in research — and those who do achieve success are paid less than their male colleagues. Irrespective of gender, the distribution of grants for scientific research is grossly skewed in favour of the few at the expense of the many. And members of some ethnic minority groups tend not even to begin careers in research. Why are these discriminatory practices tolerated, and what (if anything) is being done to change this state of affairs?
First measurement of the polarization observable E and helicity-dependent cross sections in single π 0 photoproduction from quasi-free nucleons
2017
The double-polarization observable $E$ and the helicity-dependent cross sections $\sigma_{1/2}$ and $\sigma_{3/2}$ have been measured for the first time for single $\pi^{0}$ photoproduction from protons and neutrons bound in the deuteron at the electron accelerator facility MAMI in Mainz, Germany. The experiment used a circularly polarized photon beam and a longitudinally polarized deuterated butanol target. The reaction products, recoil nucleons and decay photons from the $\pi^0$ meson were detected with the Crystal Ball and TAPS electromagnetic calorimeters. Effects from nuclear Fermi motion were removed by a kinematic reconstruction of the $\pi^{0}N$ final state. A comparison to data mea…
First measurement of helicity-dependent cross sections in π0η photoproduction from quasi-free nucleons
2018
The helicity-dependent cross sections for the photoproduction of $\pi^0\eta$ pairs have been measured for the first time. The experiment was performed at the tagged photon facility of the Mainz MAMI accelerator with the combined Crystal Ball - TAPS calorimeter. The experiment used a polarized deuterated butanol target and a circularly polarized photon beam. This arrangement allowed the $\sigma_{1/2}$ (photon and target spin antiparallel) and $\sigma_{3/2}$ (parallel spins) components to be measured for quasi-free production of $\pi^0\eta$ pairs off protons and neutrons. The main finding is that the two helicity components contribute identically, within uncertainties, for both participant pr…
Hermite interpolation: The barycentric approach
1991
The barycentric formulas for polynomial and rational Hermite interpolation are derived; an efficient algorithm for the computation of these interpolants is developed. Some new interpolation principles based on rational interpolation are discussed.
Reconstructions that combine interpolation with least squares fitting
2015
We develop a reconstruction that combines interpolation and least squares fitting for point values in the context of multiresolution a la Harten. We study the smoothness properties of the reconstruction as well as its approximation order. We analyze how different adaptive techniques (ENO, SR and WENO) can be used within this reconstruction. We present some numerical examples where we compare the results obtained with the classical interpolation and the interpolation combined with least-squares approximation. We develop a reconstruction that combines interpolation and least squares fitting.We study the smoothness properties of the reconstruction and its approximation order.We present some nu…