Search results for "algorithm."

showing 10 items of 4617 documents

Invasion Ability and Disease Dynamics of Environmentally Growing Opportunistic Pathogens under Outside-Host Competition

2014

Most theories of the evolution of virulence concentrate on obligatory host-pathogen relationship. Yet, many pathogens replicate in the environment outside-host where they compete with non-pathogenic forms. Thus, replication and competition in the outside-host environment may have profound influence on the evolution of virulence and disease dynamics. These environmentally growing opportunistic pathogens are also a logical step towards obligatory pathogenicity. Efficient treatment methods against these diseases, such as columnaris disease in fishes, are lacking because of their opportunist nature. We present a novel epidemiological model in which replication and competition in the outside-hos…

Bacterial Diseases0106 biological sciencesPopulation ModelingDisease01 natural sciencesTheoretical EcologyMedicine and Health SciencesPathogenPOPULATIONmedia_common0303 health scienceseducation.field_of_studyPREDATIONMultidisciplinaryEcologyTransmission (medicine)EcologySimulation and ModelingQRCHANNEL CATFISHEVOLUTIONARY DYNAMICSCOMMUNITYInfectious DiseasesHost-Pathogen Interactions1181 Ecology evolutionary biologyMedicineAlgorithmsResearch ArticleTRANSMISSIONSciencemedia_common.quotation_subjecteducationPopulationVirulenceOpportunistic InfectionsBiologyResearch and Analysis Methods010603 evolutionary biologyCompetition (biology)03 medical and health sciences14. Life underwaterParasite EvolutioneducationEvolutionary dynamicsta413030304 developmental biologyEvolutionary BiologyMathematical ModelingSTABILITYMORTALITYEcology and Environmental SciencesBiology and Life SciencesComputational BiologyFLAVOBACTERIUM-COLUMNAREOutbreakModels TheoreticalEmerging Infectious DiseasesEvolutionary Ecologyta1181VIRULENCEParasitologyInfectious Disease ModelingPLoS ONE
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Taxonomic categorisation of motivic patterns

2009

The issue of pattern description in computational models for motivic analysis is closely related to the cognitive debate on categorisation, in which are traditionally opposed “well-defined” and “ill-defined” categorisations. The ill-defined conceptualisation has been considered as a suitable framework for the formalisation of musical categorisation as it takes into account motivic variations. It seems that computational models rely rather on well-defined categorisation, due to its better controllability. The computational model we previously presented (Lartillot & Toiviainen, 2007) strikes a balance by developing a new flexible framework allowing the taking into account of unrestricted…

Balance (metaphysics)ControllabilityHierarchyComputational modelTheoretical computer scienceTaxonomy (general)Explanatory modelExperimental and Cognitive PsychologyCognitionAlgorithmMusicMathematicsMusicae Scientiae
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The Bayesian Learning Automaton — Empirical Evaluation with Two-Armed Bernoulli Bandit Problems

2009

The two-armed Bernoulli bandit (TABB) problem is a classical optimization problem where an agent sequentially pulls one of two arms attached to a gambling machine, with each pull resulting either in a reward or a penalty. The reward probabilities of each arm are unknown, and thus one must balance between exploiting existing knowledge about the arms, and obtaining new information.

Balance (metaphysics)Optimization problemWake-sleep algorithmbusiness.industryBayesian inferenceMachine learningcomputer.software_genreAutomatonBernoulli's principleArtificial intelligencebusinessBeta distributioncomputerMathematics
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Improving accuracy of FIR filters for computing convolution transforms for smooth non-bandlimited signals

2019

We propose to improve the accuracy of FIR filters for computing convolution transforms for smooth non-bandlimited (NBL) signals by designing filters by the identification method with using a pair of bandlimited portions of the chosen NBL input and output signals related with each other by the given transform. A design example of type IV linear phase differentiator is presented, where filter coefficients are calculated from the bandlimited portions of the Cauchy pulse and its derivative. The performance of the designed differentiator is evaluated by comparing the accuracy of computed derivatives for several smooth NBL test signals, such as the Cauchy pulse, the Hilbert transform of Cauchy pu…

Bandlimiting020303 mechanical engineering & transports0203 mechanical engineeringFinite impulse responseComputer sciencelcsh:TA1-2040021105 building & construction0211 other engineering and technologies02 engineering and technologylcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)AlgorithmConvolutionMATEC Web of Conferences
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Sizing and shape optimization material use in 10 bar trusses

2021

Truss optimization has the goal of achieving savings in costs and material while maintaining structural characteristics. In this research a 10 bar truss was structurally optimized in Rhino 6 using genetic algorithm optimization method. Results from previous research where sizing optimization was limited to using only three different cross-sections were compared to a sizing and shape optimization model which uses only those three cross-sections. Significant savings in mass have been found when using this approach. An analysis was conducted of the necessary bill of materials for these solutions. This research indicates practical effects which optimization can achieve in truss design.

Bar (music)business.industryTrussShape optimizationStructural engineeringTA1-2040businessBill of materialsEngineering (General). Civil engineering (General)SizingGenetic algorithm optimizationMATEC Web of Conferences
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The Geochemistry of Basalt Handaxes from the Lower Palaeolithic Site of Ma‛ayan Baruch, Israel-A Perspective on Raw Material Selection

2014

The Upper Acheulian site of Ma‛ayan Baruch, northern Israel, is primarily known for its exceptionally large assemblage of thousands of flint handaxes. Within this assemblage, a minute collection of basalt handaxes was retrieved as well, representing particular technological choice within the Upper Acheulian. Using geochemistry, we were able to determine that these basalt handaxes were not made from local basalt, but from different sources. Thus, the use of basalt at the site does not represent an ad hoc choice of using local raw material but, rather, a more complex technological choice pertaining to variability in raw material selection in the Lower Palaeolithic Levant.

BasaltArcheologyHistoryGeochemistryAssemblage (archaeology)Technological choiceRaw materialGeologySelection (genetic algorithm)Archaeometry
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An adaptive-PCA algorithm for reflectance estimation from color images

2008

This paper deals with the problem of spectral reflectance estimation from color camera outputs. Because the reconstruction of such functions is an inverse problem, stabilizing the reconstruction process is highly desirable. One way to do this is to decompose reflectance function on a basis functions like PCA. The present work proposes an algorithm making PCA adaptive in reflectance estimation from a color camera output. We propose to adapt the PCA basis derivation by selecting, for each sample, the more relevant elements from the training set elements. The adaptivity criterion is achieved by a likelihood measurement. Finally, the spectral reflectance estimation results are evaluated with th…

Basis (linear algebra)Color differenceEstimation theorybusiness.industryComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONBasis functionPattern recognitionIterative reconstructionInverse problemSample (graphics)Principal component analysisArtificial intelligencebusinessAlgorithmMathematics2008 19th International Conference on Pattern Recognition
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Some Effects of Individual Learning on the Evolution of Sensors

2001

In this paper, we present an abstract model of sensor evolution, where sensor development is only determined by artificial evolution and the adaptation of agent reactions is accomplished by individual learning. With the environment cast into a MDP framework, sensors can be conceived as a map from environmental states to agent observations and Reinforcement Learning algorithms can be utilised. On the basis of a simple gridworld scenario, we present some results of the interaction between individual learning and evolution of sensors.

Basis (linear algebra)business.industryComputer scienceIndividual learningEvolutionary algorithmReinforcement learningMarkov decision processArtificial intelligencebusinessAdaptation (computer science)
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Aplicación del Estimador de Parámetros de Segmentación por Media-desplazada (EPSM) a las imágenes de satélite de muy alta resolución espacial: Tetuán…

2015

<p>La segmentación de imágenes constituye un paso crucial en el Análisis de Imágenes Basado en Objetos (AIBO). Combinando distintos valores de los parámetros de entrada de los algoritmos de segmentación se obtienen diferentes resultados. En general, los parámetros óptimos seleccionados se determinan mediante interpretación visual; por lo tanto, la definición de las combinaciones óptimas es una tarea considerablemente difícil. En la presente investigación, se propone una herramienta analítica que denominamos Estimador de Parámetros de Segmentación por Media-desplazada (EPSM) aplicada a la selección automatizada de los valores de los parámetros de segmentación en las imágenes de satélit…

Basis (linear algebra)business.industryGeography Planning and DevelopmentMean shift segmentationEstimatorPattern recognitionImage segmentationImage (mathematics)GeographyEarth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)SegmentationSatelliteArtificial intelligencebusinessCartographySelection (genetic algorithm)Revista de Teledetección
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Practical Issues on Energy-Growth Nexus Data and Variable Selection With Bayesian Analysis

2018

Abstract Given that the energy-growth nexus (EGN) is short of a complete theoretical base, the production function used therein is typically complemented with numerous variables that characterize an economy. Researchers are often puzzled not only with the selection of variables per se, but also with the variable sources and the various data handlings which become apparent and available only after years of experience in this research field. Thus, this chapter is divided into two distinctive parts: The first part contains an overview of the available data sources for the EGN as well as a succinct selection of advice on data handlings, transformations, and interpretations that could come handy…

Bayes estimatorComputer science020209 energyBayesian probabilityFeature selection02 engineering and technologyProduction function01 natural sciencesData scienceField (computer science)010104 statistics & probabilityVariable (computer science)0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering0101 mathematicsNexus (standard)Selection (genetic algorithm)
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