Search results for "altitud"
showing 10 items of 193 documents
Short-term occupations at high elevation during the Middle Paleolithic at Kalavan 2 (Republic of Armenia).
2021
The Armenian highlands encompasses rugged and environmentally diverse landscapes and is characterized by a mosaic of distinct ecological niches and large temperature gradients. Strong seasonal fluctuations in resource availability along topographic gradients likely prompted Pleistocene hominin groups to adapt by adjusting their mobility strategies. However, the role that elevated landscapes played in hunter-gatherer settlement systems during the Late Pleistocene (Middle Palaeolithic [MP]) remains poorly understood. At 1640 m above sea level, the MP site of Kalavan 2 (Armenia) is ideally positioned for testing hypotheses involving elevation-dependent seasonal mobility and subsistence strateg…
Cloud top altitude retrieved from Lidar measurements during ACLOUD at 1 second resolution
2021
During the ACLOUD aircraft campaign (23.5.2017 - 26.6.2017) the AMALi Lidar was installed mostly nadir pointing. This dataset contains the cloud top altitude from those measurements (altitudes with a strong signal increase) as well as a cloud mask, derived from the optical depth of the column at 1 second resolution. The majority of the data was collected northwest of the Svalbard archipelago. More details on the campaign can be found in Wendisch 2018 and Ehrlich 2019 and here (https://home.uni-leipzig.de/~ehrlich/ACLOUD_wiki_doku). Please check the data documentation (https://download.pangaea.de/reference/108729/attachments/readme_documentation_AMALi_cloudtop.pdf) before using this dataset.
Spatial and temporal characteristics of potential evapotranspiration trends over China
2000
This paper analyses the time series (1954–1993) of Penman–Monteith evapotranspiration estimates for 65 stations in mainland China and Tibet, for the country as a whole and for individual stations. The analysis shows that for China as a whole, the potential evapotranspiration (PET) has decreased in all seasons. On a regional basis, northeast and southwest China have experienced moderate evapotranspiration increases, while in northwest and southeast China evapotranspiration has decreased to a much higher extent. South of 35°N, sunshine appears to be most strongly associated with evapotranspiration changes while wind, relative humidity and maximum temperature are the primary factors in northwe…
Geographical clines in the size of the herb field mouse ( Apodemus uralensis )
2019
Patterns of body size variation along geographical gradients have long been searched for and generalized into eco-geographical rules. However, no rodent species has yet been analyzed in relation to the 3 dimensions of latitude, longitude and altitude. We analyzed geographical clines and dimorphism of body and skull size in the herb field mouse (Apodemus uralensis) across the species range, based on field data and on data from the literature. Sexual dimorphism in adult A. uralensis was not expressed at a large scale, while local patterns were inconsistent. Age-dependent size changes were most expressed in adult individuals: most characters of adults exceeded in size those of subadults, while…
High-elevational occurrence of two tick species, Ixodes ricinus and I. trianguliceps, at their northern distribution range
2021
Abstract Background During the last decades a northward and upward range shift has been observed among many organisms across different taxa. In the northern hemisphere, ticks have been observed to have increased their latitudinal and altitudinal range limit. However, the elevational expansion at its northern distribution range remains largely unstudied. In this study we investigated the altitudinal distribution of the exophilic Ixodes ricinus and endophilic I. trianguliceps on two mountain slopes in Norway by assessing larval infestation rates on bank voles (Myodes glareolus). Methods During 2017 and 2018, 1325 bank voles were captured during the spring, summer and autumn at ten trapping st…
Fasciola hepatica and lymnaeid snails occurring at very high altitude in South America.
2002
Fascioliasis due to the digenean species Fasciola hepatica has recently proved to be an important public health problem, with human cases reported in countries of the five continents, including severe symptoms and pathology, with singular epidemiological characteristics, and presenting human endemic areas ranging from hypo- to hyperendemic. One of the singular epidemiological characteristics of human fascioliasis is the link of the hyperendemic areas to very high altitude regions, at least in South America. The Northern Bolivian Altiplano, located at very high altitude (3800–4100 m), presents the highest prevalences and intensities of human fascioliasis known. Sequences of the internal tran…
Factors affecting between-lake variation in the occurrence of epidermal papillomatosis in roach,Rutilus rutilus(L.)
2009
The theory of island biogeography predicts that the probability of a species occupying an island depends on a dynamic equilibrium between extinction and colonization. Epidermal papillomatosis is a disease manifesting as skin tumours on fish. We studied the factors affecting the occurrence of the disease in roach, Rutilus rutilus (L.), in 34 lakes. The results of discrimination analysis suggest that maximum depth, percentage of the drainage area of the lake covered by lakes in the vicinity and altitude best identified diseased lakes. Comparison of diseased and non-diseased lakes revealed that lake area could also be regarded as a variable contributing to the occurrence of the disease. The sa…
Distribution of Fasciola hepatica and F. gigantica in the endemic area of Guilan, Iran: Relationships between zonal overlap and phenotypic traits
2015
Fascioliasis is a zoonotic disease emerging in numerous parts of the world. In any endemic area, the characterisation of scenarios and patterns of infection must always be considered the starting point before implementing any control measure. Fascioliasis is a parasitic disease of different epidemiological, pathological and control characteristics depending on the endemic area and the causal agent, Fasciola hepatica and Fasciolagigantica. Classically it has been accepted that F. hepatica is present worldwide, while the distribution of the two species overlaps in many areas of Africa and Asia. Fascioliasis caused by F. hepatica, F. gigantica and intermediate forms is present in Guilan provin…
Pre-clinical assessment of a water-in-fluorocarbon emulsion for the treatment of pulmonary vascular diseases
2019
Abstract Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) is a well-characterized vascular response to low oxygen pressures and is involved in life-threatening conditions such as high-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). While the efficacy of oral therapies can be affected by drug metabolism, or dose-limiting systemic toxicity, inhaled treatment via pressured metered dose inhalers (pMDI) may be an effective, nontoxic, practical alternative. We hypothesized that a stable water-in-perfluorooctyl bromide (PFOB) emulsion that provides solubility in common pMDI propellants, engineered for intrapulmonary delivery of pulmonary vasodilators, reverses HPV during acute h…
Sensors / Cross-country skiing analysis and ski technique detection by high-precision kinematic global navigation satellite system
2019
Cross-country skiing (XCS) embraces a broad variety of techniques applied like a gear system according to external conditions, slope topography, and skier-related factors. The continuous detection of applied skiing techniques and cycle characteristics by application of unobtrusive sensor technology can provide useful information to enhance the quality of training and competition. (1) Background: We evaluated the possibility of using a high-precision kinematic global navigation satellite system (GNSS) to detect cross-country skiing classical style technique. (2) Methods: A world-class male XC skier was analyzed during a classical style 5.3-km time trial recorded with a high-precision kinemat…