Search results for "ambiguity"
showing 10 items of 105 documents
Reviewing the impact of problem structure on planning: a software tool for analyzing tower tasks.
2010
Cognitive, clinical, and neuroimaging studies on planning abilities most frequently implement the Tower of London task or one of its variants. Yet, cumulating evidence from a series of experiments suggests that the commonly used approximation of problem difficulty in terms of the minimum number of moves for goal attainment is too coarse a measure for the underlying cognitive operations, and in some cases may be even misleading. Rather, problem difficulty can be more specifically characterized by a set of structural task parameters such as the number and nature of optimal and suboptimal solution paths, the required search depths, the patterns of intermediate and goal moves, goal hierarchies …
Analyzing the Effects of Lexical Cognates on Translation Properties: A Multivariate Product and Process Based Approach
2021
The translation of cognates has received renewed interest in Translation Process Research (Oster (2017) Empir Model Transl Interpret 7:23; Hansen-Schirra et al. (2017) Predicting cognate translation. In: Hansen-Schirra S, Czulo O, Hofmann S (eds) Empirical modelling of translation and interpreting. Language Science Press, Berlin, pp 3–22) but tends to be relatively time-consuming due to the manual identification of cognates and their translations. On the basis of work by Heilmann (Profiling effects of syntactic complexity in translation: a multi-method approach. PhD thesis, 2021) and the structure of the TPR-DB, we devised a relatively simple way to determine the cognate status of ST words …
2021
Employees in female-dominated sectors are exposed to high workloads, emotional job demands, and role ambiguity, and often have insufficient resources to deal with these demands. This imbalance causes strain, threatening employees’ work ability. The aim of this study was to examine whether resource-providing leadership at the workplace level buffers against the negative repercussions of these job demands on work ability. Employees (N = 2383) from 290 work groups across three countries (Germany, Finland, and Sweden) in female-dominated sectors were asked to complete questionnaires in this study. Employees rated their immediate supervisor’s resource-providing leadership and also self-reported …
Robust Communications for the Underwater Internet of Things
2023
In recent years, the emergence of numerous applications and activities involving the underwater world have given rise to a new class of technologies that takes the name of Internet of Underwater Things (IoUT). Submarine activities such as remote control, pollution monitoring, data collection, disaster detection or even early warning and assisted navigation are just some of the main applications that require the use of underwater communication systems capable of providing connectivity between static and mobile nodes deployed at different depths. Generally, underwater communications employ audio signals which can propagate relatively far but are also significantly affected by Doppler distorti…
The oceanic state: a conceptual elucidation in terms of modal contact
2012
Despite its lengthy history in psychoanalysis, the psychological origins, essential features and value of the oceanic state remain open to dispute. This ambiguity has come at a cost to the clarity of theoretical discussions on the topic. In working towards a conceptual elucidation, the author maintains that there are three primary accounts of the oceanic state: the metaphysical one of Romain Rolland, the developmental one of Sigmund Freud, and the cognitive-perceptual one of Anton Ehrenzweig. Based on the notion of modal contact, he argues that the accounts share a general theoretical structure that establishes as the necessary criterion for all oceanic states the loosening of ego boundarie…
On Mathematical Language: Characteristics, Semiosis and Indispensability
2021
Mathematicians and others often discuss mathematics as a universal language, and say that mathematics holds a special status among sciences. In particular, it is the language of science. In some way, it is the basis of the physical world, but globally it is beyond any other science, and it is not a mere servant of sciences. Apparently, mathematical language is simple, with a little grammar and a limited vocabulary, but very different from others. Unlike natural languages, it is a rigorously defined and unambiguous one. This characteristic constitutes its greatest advantage: its complete lack of ambiguity. Although it is limited in the range of things that can express, it can be adapted to t…
Honest mistake or perhaps not: The role of descriptive and injunctive norms on the magnitude of dishonesty
2021
Trivial acts of dishonesty are very prevalent in everyday life and have severe economic and societal consequences. The present study aims to examine the role of descriptive and injunctive norms in minor and major dishonesty under ambiguity. We devised a novel experimental design in which rule violations can be the result of honest mistakes or various dishonest processes. In this ambiguous context, we observed a high prevalence of minor rule violations at baseline. In two experiments, exposure to increased peer cheating (i.e., negative descriptive norms) promoted major rule violations, whereas the presence of explicit or subtle rule reminders (i.e., injunctive norms) marginally reduced minor…
Ambiguity tolerance as an instrument of learner profiling : a Q methodological study of how upper secondary school students' perceptions of EFL readi…
2013
Ihmiset suhtautuvat havaitsemaansa monitulkintaisuuteen yksilöllisesti. Siinä missä toiset kiistävät jopa monimerkityksellisyyden teoreettisen mahdollisuuden, hakeutuvat toiset mielellään epävarmoihin olosuhteisiin ja monimutkaisten tehtävien pariin. Monitulkintaisuuden sietäminen on yksilöllinen, tilannesidonnainen piirre. Tässä tutkimuksessa selvitetään kuinka tämä piirre näyttäytyy englantia opiskelevien lukiolaisten tavoissa suhtautua englanninkieliseen lukemiseen - toimeen, jossa kohdataan runsaasti epävarmuutta ja toimitaan osin arvailujen varassa. Tutkimuksen tavoitteena oli koota oppijaprofiloinnin kautta kokonaisvaltainen kuva siitä, mitä monitulkintaisuuden sietäminen englanninkie…
Ambiguity and Contradiction From a Morpho-Syntactic Prototype Perspective
2008
In this paper, the contradiction and ambiguity problems in Natural language Processing are briefly introduced. We also present the morpho-syntactic WIH (Web Intelligent Handler) prototype and the overall approach it takes to process any Spanish text. Finally, we analyze how it processes Spanish sentences with contradictions or ambiguities using its own perspective, despite deeper linguistic considerations.
El trabajo práctico en la enseñanza de las ciencias: una revisión
1996
Resumen basado en el de la publicación Resumen en inglés Se presenta una revisión sobre la efectividad de las prácticas en educación científica en los niveles secundario y terciario. A través de la revisión de más de cien referencias, se concluye que no se han proporcionado argumentos sólidos para justificar la gran cantidad de recursos materiales y humanos necesarios para la implementación de esta herramienta educativa. A pesar de estos resultados decepcionantes, los autores no se niega el papel central de las prácticas en la educación científica y se justifican estos resultados negativos al invocar la gran complejidad del tema, la ambigüedad que rodea el término «prácticas», y una metodol…