Search results for "analgesic"
showing 10 items of 365 documents
Barriers and Adherence to Pain Management in Advanced Cancer Patients
2020
Aim To assess patients' barriers to pain management and analgesic medication adherence in patients with advanced cancer. Methods This was a prospective cross-sectional study in patients with advanced cancer receiving chronic opioid therapy. Age, gender, cancer diagnosis, Karnofsky level, and educational status were recorded. The Brief Pain Inventory (BPI), Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale (ESAS), Memorial Delirium Assessment Scale (MDAS), Barriers Questionnaire II (BQ-II), Medication Adherence Rating Scale (MARS), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were the measurement instruments used. Results One-hundred-thirteen patients were analyzed. The mean age was 68 (±13) years, and …
Rapid Switching Between Transdermal Fentanyl and Methadone in Cancer Patients
2005
Purpose The aim of this study was to examine the clinical effects of switching from transdermal (TTS) fentanyl to methadone, or vice versa, in patients with a poor response to the previous opioid. Patients and Methods A prospective study was carried out on 31 patients who switched from TTS fentanyl to oral methadone, or vice versa, because of poor opioid response. A fixed conversion ratio of fentanyl to methadone of 1:20 was started and assisted by rescue doses of opioids, and then doses were changed according to clinical response. Pain and symptom intensity, expressed as distress score, were recorded before switching doses of the two opioids and after subsequent doses. The number of change…
The use of opioids in the last week of life in an acute palliative care unit.
2010
The aim of this survey was to assess the opioid use in the last week of life of cancer patients admitted at an acute palliative care unit. From a consecutive sample of patients surveyed for a period of one year, patients who died in the unit were selected. Type of opioid, route of administration, and doses were recorded one week before death (or at admission time if the interval admission-death was less than one week) (-7), and on the day of death (Tend). Seventy-seven patients died in the unit in the period taken into consideration (12.4%). Oral morphine equivalents were 170 mg/day and 262 mg/day at -7 and Tend, respectively. Patients were receiving transdermal drugs or intravenous morphi…
The differential influences of melanocortins on nociception in the formalin and tail flick tests
2006
Melanocortins exert multiple physiological effects that include the modulation of immune responses, inflammation processes, and pain transmission. In the present study we investigated the peripheral activity of natural melanocortins - alpha-, beta-, gamma1- and gamma2-melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH) - and melanocortin receptor subtypes 3 and 4 (MC3/4 receptor) antagonist HS014 in pain (formalin and tail flick) tests after peptide subcutaneous administration in mice. In the formalin test, among all substances tested only alpha-MSH (1 micromol/kg) statistically significantly inhibited the formalin-induced first phase pain response, however, all tested peptides (except gamma1-MSH) at the …
Fentanyl Buccal Tablet vs. Oral Morphine in Doses Proportional to the Basal Opioid Regimen for the Management of Breakthrough Cancer Pain: A Randomiz…
2015
Fentanyl products have shown superiority to oral opioids for the management of breakthrough cancer pain (BTcP). However, these studies did not use appropriate patient selection, and drugs have been compared by using different rationales.The aim of this randomized, crossover, controlled study was to compare efficacy and safety of fentanyl buccal tablets (FBTs) and oral morphine (OM), given in doses proportional to opioid daily doses.Cancer patients with pain receiving ≥60 mg or more of oral morphine equivalents per day and presenting with ≤3 episodes of BTcP per day were included. In a randomized, crossover manner, patients received FBT or OM at doses proportional to the daily opioid regimen…
Fentanyl Pectin Nasal Spray Versus Oral Morphine in Doses Proportional to the Basal Opioid Regimen for the Management of Breakthrough Cancer Pain: A …
2016
Context Fentanyl products have shown superiority over oral opioids for the management of breakthrough cancer pain (BTcP). However, these studies did not use an appropriate patient selection, and drugs have been compared using a different rationale. Objectives The aim of this randomized, crossover, controlled study was to compare the efficacy and safety of fentanyl pectin nasal spray (FPNS) and oral morphine (OM), given in doses proportional to opioid daily doses. Methods Cancer patients with pain receiving â¥60 mg of OM equivalents/day and presenting with â¤3 episodes of BTcP/day were included. Patients received, in a randomized, crossover manner, FPNS or OM at doses proportional to the d…
Phenylamides of 1-Phenyl (or Methyl)-5-benzamidopyrazole-4-carboxylic Acid as Vratizolin Analogs with Analgesic and Antiinflammatory Activities
2001
A number of phenylamides of 5-benzamidopyrazole-4-carboxylic acid were prepared in 50-80 % yields from 1-phenyl (or methyl) 6-phenylpyrazolo[3,4-d]1,3-oxazin-4(1H)-ones and aniline derivatives. All the compounds were tested for their analgesic and antiinflammatory activities, as well as for their ulcerogenic potential and acute toxicity. Some derivatives, when compared to phenylbutazone, proved more active in the tests for analgesie and antiexudative activities, but less active in the carrageenin paw oedema test. The compounds proved to posses marginal or no ulcerogenic effect, as well as low systemic toxicity.
Analgesic use among community-dwelling people aged 75 years and older : a population-based interview study
2010
Abstract Background: Pain is often underrecognized and undertreated among older people. However, older people may be particularly susceptible to adverse drug reactions linked to prescription and nonprescription analgesics. Objectives: The aims of this study were to assess the prevalence of analgesic use among a random sample of community-dwelling people aged ≥75 years, and to investigate factors associated with daily and as-needed analgesic use. Methods: A random sample of people aged ≥75 years was drawn from the population register in Kuopio, Finland, in November 2003. Data on prescription and nonprescription analgesic use were elicited during nurse interviews conducted once for each parti…
Pain in patients living in Norwegian nursing homes
2008
The aims of this study were to describe the pain and use of pain medication in nursing home patients and examine which variables that were associated with pain. Inpatients ( n = 307) older than 64 years from nursing homes were included. Pain was measured with a 4-point verbal rating scale in the self-reported group (SRG) and Doloplus-2 in the proxy-rated group (PRG). The mean age was 86 years (SD, 7), and more than two-thirds were female. A total of 128 (60%) patients were able to self-report their pain. Approximately 50% of the SRG reported ‘pain now’, and of these, nearly 50% reported moderate or severe pain intensity. Better cognitive function was associated with higher pain and receivi…
Gene Transcription Alterations Associated with Decrease of Ethanol Intake Induced by Naltrexone in the Brain of Wistar Rats
2006
Preclinical and clinical studies suggest that the administration of the opioid antagonist naltrexone decreases the intake of ethanol. However, the neuroplastic adaptations in the brain associated to reduction of ethanol consumption remains to be elucidated. The aim of the study was to identify gene transcription alterations underlying the attenuation of voluntary ethanol intake by administration of naltrexone in rats. Increasing doses of naltrexone (0.7 mg/kg, 4 days and 1.4 mg/kg/day, 4 days) to rats with acquired high preferring ethanol consumption (>3.5 g of ethanol/kg/day) decreased voluntary ethanol intake (50%). Voluntary ethanol consumption altered mu-opioid receptor function in the …