Search results for "analysis of variance"
showing 10 items of 1183 documents
Body Composition and Fitness during Strength and/or Endurance Training in Older Men
2008
PURPOSE: This study examined adaptations in body composition and physical fitness during a 21-wk strength and/or endurance training period in 40- to 65-yr-old men. We also compared the usefulness of different methods for the analysis of body composition to detect training-induced adaptations. METHODS: Fifty-three men were randomized into the endurance training (E: N = 14), strength training (S: N = 13), combined strength and endurance training (SE: N = 15), or control (C: N = 11) groups. S and E trained 2 and SE 2 x 2 times a week for strength and endurance. RESULTS: Percentage of fat (fat%) decreased (5-8%) similarly in all training groups. Fat% measured by DXA at baseline and its change c…
Benefits of skeletal-muscle exercise training in pulmonary arterial hypertension: The WHOLEi + 12 trial
2017
Pulmonary arterial hypertension is often associated with skeletal-muscle weakness. The purpose of this randomized controlled trial was to determine the effects of an 8-week intervention combining muscle resistance, aerobic and inspiratory pressure-load exercises on upper/lower-body muscle power and other functional variables in patients with this disease. Participants were allocated to a control (standard care) or intervention (exercise) group (n = 20 each, 45 ± 12 and 46 ± 11 years, 60% women and 10% patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension per group). The intervention included five, three and six supervised (inhospital) sessions/week of aerobic, resistance and inspirato…
Effects of different accentuated eccentric load levels in eccentric-concentric actions on acute neuromuscular, maximal force, and power responses.
2009
This study examined the effects of different dynamic accentuated external resistance load levels during the eccentric(ECC) phase of ECC-concentric (CON) actions on acute neuromuscular, maximal force, and power responses in the bench press exercise in male subjects (age, = 32 +/- 4 years; n = 11). Four maximum strength sessions consisted of 1 repetition maximum (RM) lifts with traditional isoinertial resistances and of 1RM lifts with the different dynamic accentuated external resistance (DAER) loads of 100, 105, 110, and 120% of 1 RM for the ECC phase, whereas 100% of 1RM was constantly used for the CON phase. One explosive strength session consisted of explosive repetitions with the 50, 60,…
Response repetition vs. response change modulates behavioral and electrophysiological effects of distraction
2004
If stimulation occasionally contains distracting information, behavioral responses to task-relevant aspects of the stimulation are prolonged and more error prone. Additionally, event-related potentials (ERPs) acquired in an auditory distraction paradigm show that the distracting information elicits the components mismatch negativity (MMN), P3a and reorienting negativity (RON). Here, we assess to what extent sequential dependencies in the stimulation influence such indicators of distraction. Data of four experiments were reanalyzed for response repetition and response change trials separately. Behavioral performance on Deviants suggests markedly smaller distraction effects in change compared…
Effects of different accentuated eccentric loads on acute neuromuscular, growth hormone, and blood lactate responses during a hypertrophic protocol.
2009
This study monitored acute neuromuscular responses and growth hormone (GH) and blood lactate (La) concentrations in the eccentric-concentric (ECC-CON) hypertrophic protocol by using various dynamic accentuated external resistance (DAER) loads in the bench press exercise. Male subjects (age = 32 +/- 4 years; n = 11) performed 4 sets of 10 repetitions with 2 minutes of recovery between the sets. The loads were 70, 80, 90, and 100% of 1 repetition maximum (RM) for the ECC phase, whereas 70% RM was constantly used for the CON phase. Electromyographic activity (EMG), ECC, CON, and isometric (ISOM) forces, serum GH and blood La, were measured at pre- and postloading. Significant reductions occurr…
Loss of the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type IV in dopaminoceptive neurons enhances behavioral effects of cocaine.
2008
The persistent nature of addiction has been associated with activity-induced plasticity of neurons within the striatum and nucleus accumbens (NAc). To identify the molecular processes leading to these adaptations, we performed Cre/loxP-mediated genetic ablations of two key regulators of gene expression in response to activity, the Ca 2+ /calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV (CaMKIV) and its postulated main target, the cAMP-responsive element binding protein (CREB). We found that acute cocaine-induced gene expression in the striatum was largely unaffected by the loss of CaMKIV. On the behavioral level, mice lacking CaMKIV in dopaminoceptive neurons displayed increased sensitivity to cocai…
Sequential analysis of the brain's transfer properties during consecutive REM episodes
1995
Abstract Classical analysis of the spontaneous sleep EEG has revealed alterations of REM sleep in psychiatric diseases and under the influence of drugs. In order to elucidate possible functional differences between different REM episodes even in healthy subjects we investigated in 10 volunteers the transfer properties of the brain by measuring auditory (AEP) and visual evoked potentials (VEP) from scalp positions Fz, Cz and Pz during the night. According to linear system theory we computed the so-called amplitude-frequency characteristics (AFC) from averaged AEPs and VEPs during the first and each of the following 3 REM episodes. These functions describe the relationship between the input a…
Quantitative analysis of elastic recoil after balloon angioplasty and after intracoronary implantation of balloon-expandable Palmaz-Schatz stents.
1993
AbstractObjectives. The purpose of this study was to measure elastic recoil from sequential angiograms after balloon angioplasty and after implantation of a balloon-expandable Palmaz-Schatz stent in the same patient, and to compare the results with the late angiographic outcome.Background. The immediate result of coronary balloon angioplasty is influenced by plastic deformation, primarily of the atherosclerotic plaque, and by elastic recoil, primarily of the less or nondiseased vessel circumference,Methods. The extent of elastic recoil was measured quantitatively as the difference between maximal balloon size and the resulting vessel diameter or cross-sectional area.Results. Analysis was pe…
Does sound stimulation have additive effects on cognitive-behavioral treatment of chronic tinnitus?
2003
Psychological and physiological habituation are major goals in the treatment of patients suffering from chronic tinnitus. This study evaluates whether sound stimulation provided by use of low level white noise generators (NG) enhances the effects of cognitive-behavioral treatment (CBT). 124 outpatients with tinnitus of >6 months received manualized group treatment and were randomly assigned to the NG/no NG conditions. Those with moderate tinnitus-related distress obtained four sessions focusing on education, while severely distressed subjects were treated according to a full 10-session CBT program. Outcome was assessed at post-treatment and at 6- and 18-month follow-up. No additive effects …
Surgical treatment of gastric cancer in Latvia: Results of centralized experience
2009
Although the mortality for gastric cancer is decreasing in Western Europe and United States, it still remains high in Eastern Europe. This study was aimed at evaluating short- and long-term results of surgical treatment of gastric cancer performed in Latvia Oncology Center.Retrospectively collected data from 461 patients who underwent gastrectomy with curative intent in Latvia Oncology Center from January 2001 to December 2005 were analyzed statistically.An average (range) of 92.2 (81-102) R0-R1 gastrectomies was performed each year. Post-operative complications occurred in 75 patients (16.3%); in-hospital mortality was 3.3%. The overall 5-year survival was 50.8%. In 444 cases (96.3%) there…