Search results for "and Child Health"

Is stress perceived differently in relationships with parents and peers? Inter‐ and intra‐regional comparisons on adolescents from 21 nations

2012

This study investigated how adolescents (mean age of 15 years) from 21 countries perceived parent- and peer-related stress. Across countries, adolescents perceived parent-related stress at considerably greater levels than peer-related stress. Adolescents assigned to six geographical regions differed significantly in overall stress levels as well as in the disparity between perceived stress levels in the parent and peer domain. Regional comparisons revealed that adolescents from Southern Europe exhibited the highest levels of parent-related stress, followed by adolescents from Latin America, the Middle East, and Asia. The stress levels of adolescents from Central European and North American …

Reading and Spelling Development Across Languages Varying in Orthographic Consistency: Do Their Paths Cross?

2020

We examined the cross‐lagged relations between reading and spelling in five alphabetic orthographies varying in consistency (English, French, Dutch, German, and Greek). Nine hundred and forty‐one children were followed from Grade 1 to Grade 2 and were tested on word and pseudoword reading fluency and on spelling to dictation. Results indicated that the relations across languages were unidirectional: Earlier reading predicted subsequent spelling. However, we also found significant differences between languages in the strength of the effects of earlier reading on subsequent spelling. These findings suggest that, once children master decoding, the observed differences between languages are not…

Work environment, volume of activity and staffing in neonatal intensive care units in Italy: results of the SONAR-nurse study

2016

Background Neonatal units’ volume of activity, and other quantitative and qualitative variables, such as staffing, workload, work environment, care organization and geographical location, may influence the outcome of high risk newborns. Data about the distribution of these variables and their relationships among Italian neonatal units are lacking. Methods Between March 2010-April 2011, 63 neonatal intensive care units adhering to the Italian Neonatal Network participated in the SONAR Nurse study. Their main features and work environment were investigated by questionnaires compiled by the chief and by physicians and nurses of each unit. Twelve cross-sectional monthly-repeated surveys on diff…

Intermittent Dyspnea and Cyanosis in a Newborn Caused by a Hairy Polyp

2014

Anti-inflammatory medications for the treatment of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea

2020

Neuraminidase deficiency presenting as non-immune hydrops fetalis

1984

A newborn infant with oedema, ascites and hepatosplenomegaly is described. In ascites fluid foamy macrophages were found, in a liver biopsy cytoplasmic inclusions and membrane-bound vacuoles were seen. Furthermore the child excreted excessive amounts of sialic acid-rich oligosaccharides in the urine, and therefore a neurovisceral degenerative disorder was assumed. The diagnosis of sialidosis was confirmed by enzymatic assay in cultured fibroblasts, in which a complete deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme neuraminidase could be demonstrated. After recurrent septicaemias the child became dystrophic and died at the age of 6 months. Our case is compared with sialidosis observed by other authors, …

Cellular cytotoxicity against autologous hepatocytes in children with different forms of chronic hepatitis B.

1990

Cell-mediated immune reactions play the most important role in the pathogenesis of chronic viral and auto-immune hepatitis. Cellular cytotoxicity (CC) of peripheral blood lymphocytes against autologous hepatocytes isolated from liver biopsies was studied in 29 children with different types of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive hepatitis. Children with chronic hepatitis B showed higher cytotoxicity than control patients. However, a correlation of cytotoxicity to serum amino-transferases, HBeAg-/Anti-HBe-status, and hepatitis B virus DNA in serum could not be found. Children with a higher percentage of hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg) expression in their liver tissue presented lower…

Role of antibiotic prophylaxis in antenatal hydronephrosis: A systematic review from the European Association of Urology/European Society for Paediat…

2017

Summary Background The benefits and harms of continuous antibiotic prophylaxis (CAP) versus observation in patients with antenatal hydronephrosis (ANH) are controversial. Objective The aim was to determine the effectiveness of CAP for ANH, and if beneficial to determine the best type and regimen of antibiotic and the most harmful to provide guidance for clinical practice. Methods A systematic literature search was performed in databases including Medline, Embase, and Cochrane in June 2015. The protocol was prospectively registered to PROSPERO (CRD42015024775). The search started from 1980, when maternal ultrasound was first introduced into clinical practice. Eligible studies were critically…

HeterozygousFGF8mutations in patients presenting cryptorchidism and multiple VATER/VACTERL features without limb anomalies

2014

Background The acronym VATER/VACTERL association describes the combination of at least three of the following cardinal features: vertebral defects, anorectal malformations, cardiac defects, tracheoesophageal fistula with or without esophageal atresia, renal malformations, and limb defects. Although fibroblast growth factor-8 (FGF8) mutations have mainly found in patients with Kallmann syndrome, mice with a hypomorphic Fgf8 allele or complete gene invalidation display, aside from gonadotropin-releasing hormone deficiency, parts or even the entire spectrum of human VATER/VACTERL association. Methods We performed FGF8 gene analysis in 49 patients with VATER/VACTERL association and 27 patients …

Parenterale Ernährung in der Behandlung des Minderwuchses bei Adoleszenten mit Morbus Crohn

1992

Growth retardation and delayed puberty occur in 20-35% of children and adolescents with Crohn's disease. Alternate day corticosteroid treatment, use of azathioprine, enteral or parenteral hyperalimentation and surgery have been advocated to reverse growth failure. Because of nonacceptance of elemental diet 7 patients with Crohn's disease and growth retardation received parenteral nutrition for 2-3 months (maximal for more than 30 months in one patient). All of them exhibited a mean weight gain of 10 kg and a mean increase of their height velocity from 2.4 to 7.1 cm/year. Main problems were bacterial infections and dislocations of the central lines. Surgery was performed in 3 adolescents imm…