Search results for "angle"

showing 10 items of 1921 documents

Visualizing pectin polymer-polymer entanglement produced by interfacial water movement.

2020

In this report, we investigated the physical conditions for creating pectin polymer-polymer (homopolymer) entanglement. The potential role of water movement in creating pectin entanglement was investigated by placing water droplets-equivalent to the water content of two gel phase films-between two glass phase films and compressing the films at variable probe velocities. Slow probe velocity (0.5 mm/sec) demonstrated no significant debonding. Corresponding videomicroscopy demonstrated an occasional water bridge, but no evidence of stranding or polymer entanglement. In contrast, fast probe velocity (5 mm/sec) resulted in 1) an increase in peak adhesion strength, 2) a progressive debonding curv…

Work (thermodynamics)Materials sciencefood.ingredientPolymers and PlasticsPectinPolymers02 engineering and technologyQuantum entanglement010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesArticleMacromolecular and Materials ChemistryAdhesion strengthfoodFood SciencesPhase (matter)Materials ChemistryComposite materialPolymerWater contentchemistry.chemical_classificationOrganic ChemistryPolymerAdhesion021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPectin0104 chemical scienceschemistryAdhesion0210 nano-technologyVideomicroscopy
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A non-linear Ritz method for the analysis of low velocity impact induced dynamics in variable angle tow composite laminates

2021

Abstract Variable angle tow (VAT) laminates feature composite layers reinforced by fibres following continuous curved paths and offer a wide structural design space for the manufacturing of composite components. In this work, a formulation for the analysis of the impact-induced dynamics in VAT laminated plates is proposed, implemented and tested in this work. The method is based on the adoption of first order shear deformation kinematics and includes von Karman non-linear strains. The discrete system is obtained by employing a pb-2 Ritz series expansion into the Hamilton’s variational statement, while the impact loading is modelled through Hertzian contact law. The resulting non-linear gove…

Work (thermodynamics)Mathematical analysisKinematicsComposite laminatesRitz methodDiscrete systemFirst-order shear deformation theory Low velocity impact modelling Non-linear plate dynamics Ritz method Variable angle tow (VAT) laminates Von Karman approximationNonlinear systemContact mechanicsCeramics and CompositesSeries expansionSettore ING-IND/04 - Costruzioni E Strutture AerospazialiCivil and Structural EngineeringMathematics
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1-(3′,6′-Dihydroxy-3-oxo-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthen]-5-yl)-3-[4-({4-[1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-imidazol-5-yl]pyridin-2-yl}amino)phenyl]thiourea …

2016

The title compound, which crystallized as a methanol monosolvate, C41H27FN6O5S·CH3OH, was synthesized as a probe for a fluorescence polarization-based competition binding assay. The isobenzofuran fused-ring system is close to planar and orientated almost perpendicular to the central ring of the xanthene system. The dihedral angle between the benzene rings of the xanthene system is 10.0 (2)°, indicating a butterfly-like orientation. A short intramolecular C—F...π contact [F...π = 3.100 (4) Å and C—F...π = 139.9 (3)°] to the six-membered ring of the isobenzofuran system may influence the molecular conformation. The methanol solvent molecule is disordered over two orientations in a 0.6:0.4 rat…

Xanthenecrystal structurefluorescein010405 organic chemistryHydrogen bondStereochemistryThio-General MedicineDihedral angle010402 general chemistryRing (chemistry)01 natural sciences0104 chemical scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryThioureapyridinylimidazoleFuranlcsh:QD901-999lcsh:CrystallographyMethanolthioureaIUCrData
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A structural comparison of halloysite nanotubes of different origin by Small-Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS) and Electric Birefringence

2018

The structure of halloysite nanotubes (Hal) from different mines was investigated by Small-Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS) and Electric Birefringence (EBR) experiments. The analysis of the SANS curves allowed us to correlate the sizes and polydispersity and the specific surfaces (obtained by a Porod analysis of the SANS data) of the nanotubes with their specific geological setting. Contrast matching measurements were performed on patch Hal (from Western Australia) in order to determine their experimental scattering length density for a more precise analysis. Further characterization of the mesoscopic structure of Hal was carried out by Electric Birefringence (EBR), which allowed to study th…

Yarn Electric birefringenceSuperconducting materialPatch halloysiteHalloysite nanotube02 engineering and technologyengineering.materialNeutron scattering010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesHalloysiteMolecular physicsPlants (botany)Structural descriptionGeochemistry and PetrologyKaoliniteRotational diffusion coefficientSettore CHIM/02 - Chimica FisicaMesoscopic physicsBirefringenceBirefringenceScattering length densityStructural analysiElectric BirefringenceRotational diffusionStructural comparisonScattering lengthGeologyHalloysite021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologySmall-angle neutron scattering0104 chemical sciencesCharacterization (materials science)NanotubeStructural knowledge Neutron scatteringengineeringSmall Angle Neutron Scattering0210 nano-technology
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Physicochemical Investigation of Nanostructures in Liquid Phases: Ytterbium Nitrate Ionic Clusters Confined in Ytterbium Bis(2-ethylhexyl) Sulfosucci…

2007

The confinement of finite amounts of ytterbium nitrate in the nanoscopic space of ytterbium bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate (Yb(DEHSS) 3 ) reversed micelles dispersed in n-heptane has been investigated by UV-vis-NIR, FT-IR, and SAXS. The analysis of the experimental data is consistent with the hypothesis that Yb(NO 3 ) 3 is distributed among reversed micelles as small size ionic clusters surrounded by the Yb 3+ surfactant counterions and anionic heads while the surfactant alkyl chains point toward the solvent medium. As a consequence of confinement and interfacial effects, the ionic clusters display photophysical properties different from those in the bulk state or isolated species. Moreove…

YtterbiumMaterials scienceGeneral Chemical EngineeringInorganic chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementMicellePulmonary surfactantLiquid crystalSYSTEMSMaterials ChemistryNANOPARTICLESWATERAOTIN-OIL MICROEMULSIONSAlkylchemistry.chemical_classificationSmall-angle X-ray scatteringGeneral ChemistryOTSOLID-SOLID REACTIONSTATESolventchemistrySOLUBILIZATIONPhysical chemistryCounterion
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Physicochemical Investigation of the Solubilization of Ytterbium Nitrate in AOT Reverse Micelles and Liquid Crystals

2006

A wide investigation of the solubilization of the water-soluble salt Yb(NO3)(3) in sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate (AOT) reverse micelles and AOT liquid crystals has been carried out. After saturation of water/AOT/organic solvent w/o microemulsions with pure Yb(NO3)(3), the Yb(NO3)(3)/AOT composites were prepared by complete evaporation under vacuum of the volatile components (water and organic solvent) of the salt-containing microemulsions. It was observed that these composites can be totally dissolved in pure n-heptane or CCl4, allowing the solubilization of a noticeable amount of Yb(NO3)(3) in quite dry apolar media. By UV-vis-NIR, FT-IR, and H-1 NMR spectroscopies, some informati…

YtterbiumPolymers and PlasticsSmall-angle X-ray scatteringytterbium nitrateAOT reverse micelleInorganic chemistryAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementMicelleColloid and Surface ChemistrychemistryPulmonary surfactantLiquid crystalMaterials ChemistryProton NMRionic clustersconfinement effectMicroemulsionPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySaturation (chemistry)solubilization
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Study on the initial stages of water corrosion of fluorozirconate glasses

2004

Abstract The surface corrosion process associated with the hydrolysis of fluorozirconate glass, ZBLAN (53ZrF 4 , 20BaF 2 , 20NaF, 4LaF 2 , 3AlF 3 ) was investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), grazing-incidence small angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS), X-ray reflectivity (XRR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). After a short exposure period (25 min) of the glass surface to deionized water the XPS data indicate an increase of the oxygen content accompanied by a decrease of fluorine concentration. The analysis of the chemical bonding structure identified the predominant surface reaction products as zirconium hydroxyfluoride and oxyfluoride species. The second most abundant…

ZirconiumChemistryScanning electron microscopeSmall-angle X-ray scatteringAnalytical chemistryMineralogychemistry.chemical_elementCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCorrosionX-ray reflectivityX-ray photoelectron spectroscopyMaterials ChemistryCeramics and CompositesGrazing-incidence small-angle scatteringDissolutionJournal of Non-Crystalline Solids
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The tennis racket effect in a three-dimensional rigid body

2017

We propose a complete theoretical description of the tennis racket effect, which occurs in the free rotation of a three-dimensional rigid body. This effect is characterized by a flip ($\pi$- rotation) of the head of the racket when a full ($2\pi$) rotation around the unstable inertia axis is considered. We describe the asymptotics of the phenomenon and conclude about the robustness of this effect with respect to the values of the moments of inertia and the initial conditions of the dynamics. This shows the generality of this geometric property which can be found in a variety of rigid bodies. A simple analytical formula is derived to estimate the twisting effect in the general case. Differen…

[ MATH ] Mathematics [math]media_common.quotation_subject[PHYS.MPHY]Physics [physics]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph]Euler anglesFOS: Physical sciencesPhysics - Classical PhysicsInertiaRotation01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmassymbols.namesakeSimple (abstract algebra)0103 physical sciencesRacketClassical mechanics[MATH]Mathematics [math]010306 general physicsmedia_commonMathematicscomputer.programming_language[PHYS]Physics [physics][ PHYS ] Physics [physics]Dynamics (mechanics)Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)Statistical and Nonlinear PhysicsMoment of inertiaCondensed Matter PhysicsRigid bodyEuler anglesClassical mechanicsGeometric effectsymbols[ PHYS.MPHY ] Physics [physics]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph]computerPhysica D: Nonlinear Phenomena
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Quasi-isometrically embedded subgroups of braid and diffeomorphism groups

2005

We show that a large class of right-angled Artin groups (in particular, those with planar complementary defining graph) can be embedded quasi-isometrically in pure braid groups and in the group of area preserving diffeomorphisms of the disk fixing the boundary (with respect to the $L^2$-norm metric); this extends results of Benaim and Gambaudo who gave quasi-isometric embeddings of $F\_n$ and $\Z^n$ for all $n>0$. As a consequence we are also able to embed a variety of Gromov hyperbolic groups quasi-isometrically in pure braid groups and in the diffeomorphism group of the disk. Examples include hyperbolic surface groups, some HNN-extensions of these along cyclic subgroups and the fundame…

[ MATH.MATH-GT ] Mathematics [math]/Geometric Topology [math.GT]Fundamental group[ MATH.MATH-GR ] Mathematics [math]/Group Theory [math.GR]Hyperbolic groupGeneral MathematicsBraid group20F36braid groupGroup Theory (math.GR)01 natural sciencesRelatively hyperbolic group[MATH.MATH-GR]Mathematics [math]/Group Theory [math.GR]right-angled Artin groupCombinatoricssymbols.namesakeMathematics - Geometric TopologyMathematics::Group Theory05C25hyperbolic group[MATH.MATH-GT]Mathematics [math]/Geometric Topology [math.GT]0103 physical sciencesBraidFOS: Mathematics0101 mathematicsMathematicsApplied Mathematics010102 general mathematicsGeometric Topology (math.GT)Braid theoryMathematics::Geometric TopologyPlanar graphsymbols010307 mathematical physicsDiffeomorphismMathematics - Group Theory20F36; 05C25
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Moment-angle complexes and complexe manifolds

2010

The aim of this thesis is to extend the results of the article [B-M] on the relations between moment-angle complexes and complex manifolds. We will focus here on moment-angle complexes defined by a simplicial (not only polytopal) decomposition of the sphere. We will also seek to use the relationship between these two kinds of objects to be understand the topology of several complex manifolds. [B-M] F.Bosio, L.Meersseman, Real quadrics in Cn, complex manifolds and polytopes, Acta Mathematica, 197 (2006), n° 1, 53 -- 127.

[MATH.MATH-GM]Mathematics [math]/General Mathematics [math.GM]Complex manifoldsSphères simpliciales[ MATH.MATH-GM ] Mathematics [math]/General Mathematics [math.GM]Complexes moment-angle[MATH.MATH-GM] Mathematics [math]/General Mathematics [math.GM]Moment-angle complexesVariétés complexesSimplicial spheres
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