Search results for "antimicrobial"
showing 10 items of 707 documents
An analysis in vivo of intracanal bacterial load before and after chemo-mechanical preparation: A comparative analysis of two irrigants and two activ…
2016
Background: The goals of this randomized double-blind trial were to assess the antimicrobial activity in vivo of Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) vs. chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) used in combination either with EndoActivator® or IRRI S® files in patients with apical periodontitis. Material and Methods: A total of 120 patients with apical periodontitis (in single or multiple root canals) were randomly assigned to the four irrigation protocols outlined below: Group A: 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) + EndoActivator®; Group B: 5.25% NaOCl + IRRI S® files; Group C: 2% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) + EndoActivator®; Group D: 2% CHX + IRRI S® files. Paper points were used to collect microbiological…
Bayesian approach to urinary ESBL-producing Escherichia coli
2014
This is a retrospective study about the prevalence of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli (EEC) in urinary specimens from patients from the Comunitat Valenciana from January 2007 to December 2008. Data were retrieved from RedMIVA, and Bayesian generalized linear mixed models were considered to study the prevalence of EEC with regard to demographical and microbiological factors. The total number of infections considered was 164,502, the amount of urinary isolates was 70,827 belonging to 49,304 different patients, and 5,161 (7.3%) of the urinary isolates were EEC. Three out of four E. coli were isolated in women (76.8%), men showed higher rates of EEC (9.7% in men vs. 6.5% in women). EEC patients…
Antimicrobial Chemotherapy has a Linear Relationship to the Proportion of Gram-Negative Isolates from Pediatric Burn Wounds.
2018
Wound infection in burns is a relevant cause of morbidity and mortality in children. We aimed to determine the relationship between antibacterial chemotherapy and Gram-negative burn wound colonization and infection. All children admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit for burn trauma from June 1, 2005 to January 31, 2013 were included. We obtained 141 wound samples, of which 88 (65.7%) showed growth of Gram-positive bacteria. Treatment with antimicrobial chemotherapy was necessary in 23 (31.1%) patients. The proportion of Gram-negative isolates seems to increase linear from 12.5% (95% confidence interval (CI): 4.4%-28.7%) without antibacterial chemotherapy to 36.8% (95% CI: 25.5%-49.6…
Drosophila Food-Associated Pheromones: Effect of Experience, Genotype and Antibiotics on Larval Behavior
2016
International audience; Animals ubiquitously use chemical signals to communicate many aspects of their social life. These chemical signals often consist of environmental cues mixed with species-specific signals-pheromones-emitted by conspecifics. During their life, insects can use pheromones to aggregate, disperse, choose a mate, or find the most suitable food source on which to lay eggs. Before pupariation, larvae of several Drosophila species migrate to food sources depending on their composition and the presence of pheromones. Some pheromones derive from microbiota gut activity and these food-associated cues can enhance larval attraction or repulsion. To explore the mechanisms underlying…
Inoculation of Torulaspora delbrueckii as a bio-protection agent in winemaking
2018
International audience; In oenology, bio-protection consists in adding bacteria, yeasts or a mixture of microorganisms on grape must before fermentation in order to reduce the use of chemical compounds such as sulphites. More particularly, non-Saccharvinyces yeasts are used as a total or partial alternative to sulphites. However, scientific data capable of proving the effectiveness of adding these yeasts on grape must is lacking. This study reports the analysis of antimicrobial and antioxidant effects of one non-Saccharamyces yeast, Torulaspora delbruecicii, inoculated at the beginning of the white winemaldng process in two Burgundian wineries as an alternative to sulphiting. The implantati…
The effective and safe method for preventing and treating bacteria-induced dental diseases by herbal plants and a recombinant peptide
2020
Background This study was conducted aimed at evaluating the antibacterial property of the recombinant peptide of bacteriocin entrocin P (EnP), the essential oil of Cuminum cyminum, and the extract of Ferulago angulata on some oral pathogens. Besides, the cytotoxicity of EnP was evaluated. Material and methods The antimicrobial property was tested on streptococcus mutans (ATCC 35668), streptococcus salivarius (ATCC 9222), streptococcus oralis (ATCC 35037), and Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212), using the microbroth dilution method. The 0.2% Chlorhexidin (CHX) mouthwash was used as the control group. Besides, the cytotoxicity analysis was done on gingival fibroblasts by the MTT colorimetric …
Hidden complexity in membrane permeabilization behavior of antimicrobial polycations.
2021
A promising alternative to classical antibiotics are antimicrobial peptides and their synthetic mimics (smAMPs) that supposedly act directly on membranes. For a more successful design of smAMPs, we need to know how the type of interaction with the membrane determines the type of membrane perturbation. How this, in turn, transfers into selectivity and microbial killing activity is largely unknown. Here, we characterize the action of two smAMPs: MM:CO (a copolymer of hydrophobic cyclooctyl subunits and charged β-monomethyl-α-aminomethyl subunits) and the highly charged poly-NM (a homopolymer of α-aminomethyl subunits). By thorough characterization of vesicle leakage experiments, we elucidate …
The antimicrobial activity of honey and propolis extracts from the central region of Romania
2021
Abstract Honey and propolis from Apis mellifera (bees) are products that have been used due to their multiple biological properties. The antimicrobial activity of 10 honey samples of known origin and 4 propolis extracts gathered from the same beekeepers located in Transylvania, Romania, were used against certain microorganisms: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans. The study also investigated the positive interaction of propolis aqueous extracts when used with poly-floral honey against the same microorganisms. The most sensitive to the activity of honey samples was the S. aureus strain (the largest inhibition area 18 mm) for p…
Stability of Asymmetric Lipid Bilayers Assessed by Molecular Dynamics Simulations
2009
The asymmetric insertion of amphiphiles into biological membranes compromises the balance between the inner and outer monolayers. As a result, area expansion of the receiving leaflet and curvature strain may lead to membrane permeation, shape changes, or membrane fusion events. We have conducted both atomistic and coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations of dipalmitoyl-phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) bilayers to study the effect of an asymmetric distribution of lipids between the two monolayers on membrane stability. Highly asymmetric lipid bilayers were found to be surprisingly stable within the submicrosecond time span of the simulations. Even the limiting case of a monolayer immersed in …