Search results for "antiviral agent"
showing 10 items of 505 documents
ISDR pattern and evolution in patients with chronic hepatitis C treated with standard or Peg-IFN plus ribavirin
2003
The aim of the study was to characterize the interferon sensitivity determining region (ISDR) mutation pattern and its changes at 4 weeks of treatment in a population of patients infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1b receiving standard or PEG-IFN plus ribavirin (RBV), to find possible early correlates of therapy outcome.Forty-five patients with chronic hepatitis due to HCV 1b were treated by PEG-IFN-α2b (n=23) or IFN-α2b (n=22) plus RBV 1000–1200 mg/day. They were classified 24 weeks after stopping therapy as sustained responders (SR), relapsers (REL) or non-responders (NR). Sixteen patients were SR, 12 REL and 17 NR. ISDR mutations were evaluated by direct sequencing at baselin…
Effects of Ribavirin Dose Reduction vs Erythropoietin for Boceprevir-Related Anemia in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 1 Infection—A…
2013
International audience; Background & AimsTreatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection with boceprevir, peginterferon, and ribavirin can lead to anemia, which has been managed by reducing ribavirin dose and/or erythropoietin therapy. We assessed the effects of these anemia management strategies on rates of sustained virologic response (SVR) and safety.MethodsPatients (n = 687) received 4 weeks of peginterferon and ribavirin followed by 24 or 44 weeks of boceprevir (800 mg, 3 times each day) plus peginterferon and ribavirin. Patients who became anemic (levels of hemoglobin approximately ≤10 g/dL) during the study treatment period (n = 500) were assigned to groups that were managed by ribavi…
Evolutionary dynamics of the E1-E2 viral populations during combination therapy in non-responder patients chronically infected with hepatitis C virus…
2012
Abstract Half of the patients chronically infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1 fail to respond to pegylated interferon alpha (PEG-IFN) and ribavirin (RBV) therapy. This study assesses the effects of treatment on the evolution of the E1–E2 viral region in non-responder patients infected with HCV-1b. Twenty-three HCV-1b chronically infected patients were studied retrospectively, including 19 non-responders to PEG-IFN/RBV therapy (11 null-responders and 8 relapsers) in the study group, and 4 untreated patients in the control group. Genetic and phylogenetic analyses of the E1–E2 viral populations were performed at baseline and at the time of treatment failure to assess changes in ge…
Cytomegalovirus Infection Management in Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients: a National Survey in Spain.
2015
ABSTRACT This study gathered information about current practices of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection management in allogeneic stem cell transplant recipients at Spanish centers. A wide variety of preemptive antiviral therapy strategies for CMV infection guided by real-time PCR assays was found, yet the incidence of CMV disease was low (<3%).
Mode of selection and experimental evolution of antiviral drugs resistance in vesicular stomatitis virus
2004
Abstract The possession of an antiviral resistance mutation benefits a virus when the corresponding antiviral is present. But does the resistant virus pay a fitness cost when the antiviral is absent? Would an evolutionary history of association between a genotype and a resistance mutation overcome this cost by changes compensating the harmful side-effect of resistance mutations? Are combined therapies more effective against the rise of resistant viruses or against evolutionary compensations? To explore all these questions, we took an experimental evolution approach. After selecting vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) populations able to replicate under increasing concentrations of ribavirin an…
Using evolutionary tools to refine the new hypervariable region 3 within the envelope 2 protein of hepatitis C virus
2007
Abstract The envelope 2 protein of hepatitis C virus (HCV) presents three hypervariable regions, named HVR1, HVR2 and HVR3, in which the presence of antigenic sites has been described. Genetic variability in these regions may reflect the generation of escape mutants as a consequence of the immune response. Therefore, these regions would tend to accumulate amino acid changes along the infection process, an effect that could be accelerated by antiviral treatments. In this study, we have analyzed the E1–E2 region of 23 HCV patients non-responders to antiviral treatment, 7 of which were infected with subtype 1a, 15 with subtype 1b, and 1 with a new HCV-1 subtype, before and after 6 and/or 12 mo…
Overcoming drug resistance in HSV, CMV, HBV and HCV infection.
2015
Although vaccination has provided as a very efficient preventive tool, antiviral therapy is still needed to control viral infections not avoidable by prophylaxis with vaccines; those caused by viruses for which a vaccine is available, but vaccination is not universally implemented or does not result in complete, long-term protection; and in immunocompromised individuals with reduced immune control of viral replication. After more than 50 years of the first licensing for an antiherpetic drug, novel compounds for herpes-simplex viruses and human cytomegalovirus will open new strategies for better control and management of these two recurrent viral infections. Besides, the development and use…
Chronic hepatitis B: who to treat and which choice of treatment?
2009
The goal of antiviral therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B is to prevent, through persistent suppression of HBV replication, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Currently, seven drugs are available: IFN-alpha, pegylated interferon, lamivudine, adefovir dipivoxil, entecavir, telbivudine and tenofovir. The choice of the drugs should always take into consideration the clinical features of patients, the antiviral efficacy of each drug, the risk of developing resistance, the long-term safety profile, the method of administration and the cost of therapy. Ideal candidates for treatment are hepatitis B e antigen-positive patients with a prolonged phase of immune clearance and hepatitis …
Patients With Isolated Hepatitis B Core Antibody: Has the Time Come to Vaccinate?
2017
International audience