Search results for "antiviral treatment"

showing 8 items of 18 documents

Treatment of Hepatitis C virus infection in Italy: A consensus report from an expert panel

2017

Abstract Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection remains one of the main causes of chronic liver disease worldwide. The advent of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) has significantly improved the course of patients with chronic HCV infection (CHC), due to the ability of these drugs to achieve high rates of sustained virological response (SVR). These exceedingly high rates of SVR and the excellent safety data have been confirmed in real life practice. Evolving guidelines have been issued by national and international scientific societies in accordance with the progression of clinical knowledge and the availability of new DAAs. These recommendations, however, may not be applied universally because of …

Liver CirrhosisDirect-acting antiviral agentFibrosiHepacivirusChronic liver diseasemedicine.disease_causeClinical knowledgeVirological response0302 clinical medicine80 and over030212 general & internal medicineChronicAntiviral treatment; Cirrhosis; Direct-acting antiviral agents; Hepatitis C; RAV; Treatment failureAged 80 and overGastroenterologyAntiviral treatment; Cirrhosis; Direct-acting antiviral agents; Hepatitis C; RAV; Treatment failure; Hepatology; GastroenterologyHepatitis CMiddle AgedViral LoadSettore MED/07 - Microbiologia e Microbiologia ClinicaHepatitis CCirrhosisItalyLiverCombination030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyDrug Therapy CombinationHumanAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyConsensusHepatitis C virusLiver CirrhosiConsensuAntiviral AgentsUnmet needs03 medical and health sciencesYoung AdultDrug TherapyInternal medicinemedicineHumansIntensive care medicineAgedAntiviral AgentHepaciviruCirrhosiHepatologybusiness.industryHepatologyHepatitis C Chronicmedicine.diseaseVirologyFibrosisAntiviral treatmentTreatment failurePosition paperAntiviral treatment; Cirrhosis; Direct-acting antiviral agents; Hepatitis C; RAV; Treatment failure; Adult; Aged; Aged 80 and over; Antiviral Agents; Consensus; Drug Therapy Combination; Fibrosis; Hepacivirus; Hepatitis C Chronic; Humans; Italy; Liver; Liver Cirrhosis; Middle Aged; Viral Load; Young AdultDirect-acting antiviral agentsRAVbusiness
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Sustained virological response to interferon-alpha is associated with improved outcome in HCV-related cirrhosis: a retrospective study

2007

The effect of achieving a sustained virological response (SVR) following interferon-α (IFNα) treatment on the clinical outcomes of patients with HCV-related cirrhosis is unknown. In an attempt to assess the risk of liver-related complications, HCC and liver-related mortality in patients with cirrhosis according to the response to IFNα treatment, a retrospective database was developed including all consecutive patients with HCV-related, histologically proven cirrhosis treated with IFNα monotherapy between January 1992 and December 1997. SVR was an undetectable serum HCV-RNA by PCR 24 weeks after IFNα discontinuation. HCC was assessed by ultrasound every 6 months. Independent predictors of al…

Liver CirrhosisMaleANTIVIRAL TREATMENTMultivariate analysisCirrhosisHepacivirusdrug therapy/mortality/virologyGastroenterologyCohort StudiesINTERFERON; HEPATITIS C; CIRRHOSIS; CHRONIC HEPATITIS C; ANTIVIRAL TREATMENT; SUSTAINED VIROLOGICAL RESPONSE; Liver cirrhosis.MedicinegeneticsLongitudinal StudiesViralCIRRHOSISHazard ratiovirus diseasesHepatitis CAdult Antiviral Agents; therapeutic use Cohort Studies Female Hepacivirus; genetics Hepatitis C; blood/complications/drug therapy/mortality Humans Interferon-alpha; therapeutic use Liver Cirrhosis; drug therapy/mortality/virology Longitudinal Studies Male Middle Aged Multivariate Analysis RNA; Viral; blood Retrospective Studies Survival Analysis Treatment OutcomeMiddle AgedLiver cirrhosis.Treatment OutcomeSUSTAINED VIROLOGICAL RESPONSEHEPATITIS CLiver Cirrhosis/drug therapy Liver Cirrhosis/virologyRNA ViralFemaleAdultINTERFERONmedicine.medical_specialtyCHRONIC HEPATITIS CAntiviral AgentsbloodInternal medicineHumansRetrospective StudiesSustained virological response interferon-alpha HCV-related cirrhosis:Hepatologybusiness.industryProportional hazards modelInterferon-alphaRetrospective cohort studyblood/complications/drug therapy/mortalityHepatologymedicine.diseaseSurvival Analysisdigestive system diseasesDiscontinuationSurgerytherapeutic useMultivariate AnalysisRNAbusiness
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Sofosbuvir plus daclatasvir with or without ribavirin is safe and effective for post-transplant hepatitis C recurrence and severe fibrosis and cirrho…

2018

Background: In 2012, an Italian Named Patient Program began for hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected liver transplant (LT) recipients with advanced fibrosis, before approval of direct antiviral agents (DAA), to benefit severely ill patients. The aim of this “real-life” study was to assess treatment efficacy and safety with an extended course of daclatasvir (DCV) plus sofosbuvir (SOF) with or without ribavirin (RBV). Methods: All HCV LT recipients with severe fibrosis in 15 Italian transplant centers were treated with DCV+SOF±RBV for 24 weeks; sustained virological response was assessed at 12 weeks post-treatment (SVR12). Results: Eighty-seven patients were enrolled (75.9% males, mean age 58.4 ±…

Liver CirrhosisMalehepatitis C virusPyrrolidinesCirrhosisSofosbuvirmedicine.medical_treatmentantiviral treatmentHepacivirus030230 surgeryLiver transplantationmedicine.disease_causeGastroenterologychemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineRecurrencehepatitis C viruProspective StudiesProspective cohort studySettore MED/12 - Gastroenterologialiver transplantationdirect antiviral agentsImidazolesValineHepatitis CMiddle AgedPrognosisHepatitis CItalyHCVDrug Therapy CombinationFemale030211 gastroenterology & hepatologymedicine.drugmedicine.medical_specialtyDaclatasvirHepatitis C virusAntiviral Agentsantiviral treatment; cirrhosis; direct antiviral agents; hepatitis C virus; liver transplantation03 medical and health sciencesInternal medicineRibavirinmedicineHumansTransplantationdirect antiviral agentbusiness.industryRibavirincirrhosismedicine.diseasechemistryCarbamatesSofosbuvirbusinessFollow-Up Studiescirrhosi
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Economic Consequences of Investing in Anti-HCV Antiviral Treatment from the Italian NHS Perspective: A Real-World-Based Analysis of PITER Data

2019

OBJECTIVE:\ud We estimated the cost consequence of Italian National Health System (NHS) investment in direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy according to hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment access policies in Italy.\ud \ud METHODS:\ud A multistate, 20-year time horizon Markov model of HCV liver disease progression was developed. Fibrosis stage, age and genotype distributions were derived from the Italian Platform for the Study of Viral Hepatitis Therapies (PITER) cohort. The treatment efficacy, disease progression probabilities and direct costs in each health state were obtained from the literature. The break-even point in time (BPT) was defined as the period of time required for the cumulativ…

Liver CirrhosisPediatricsTime FactorsSettore MED/09 - Medicina InternaNational Health ProgramsERADICATIONOUTBREAKantiviral treatment anti HCV economic consequencesHepacivirusLIVER FIBROSISSeverity of Illness IndexHealth Services AccessibilityCOST-EFFECTIVENESSIndirect costs0302 clinical medicineEpidemiologyvirus infection030212 general & internal medicinehealth care economics and organizationscost effectiveness030503 health policy & servicesHealth PolicyHealth services researchhealthHepatitis CHepatitis CMarkov Chainschronic hepatitis C virus infection fibrosis progression cost effectiveness liver fibrosisItalyPharmacology; Health Policy; Public Health Environmental and Occupational HealthCohortSettore SECS-P/03 - Scienza delle FinanzeDisease ProgressionPublic Health0305 other medical scienceViral hepatitisAnti-HCV antiviral treatmentCHRONIC HEPATITIS-Cmedicine.medical_specialtyGenotypeSettore MED/12 - GASTROENTEROLOGIAVIRUS-INFECTIONAntiviral AgentsNO03 medical and health sciencesCost SavingsAntiviral Agents; Cost Savings; Disease Progression; Genotype; Health Policy; Health Services Accessibility; Hepacivirus; Hepatitis C; Humans; Italy; Liver Cirrhosis; Markov Chains; National Health Programs; Severity of Illness Index; Time FactorsmedicineMANAGEMENTHumanschronic hepatitis CINDUCED DISEASESMETAANALYSISPharmacologyHealth economicsbusiness.industryPublic healthEnvironmental and Occupational HealthPublic Health Environmental and Occupational Healthmedicine.diseaseFIBROSIS PROGRESSIONbusiness
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Effect of antiviral treatment in older patients hospitalized with confirmed influenza

2019

Abstract Seasonal influenza causes significant morbidity and mortality in people aged ≥65 years. Antiviral treatment can reduce complications and disease severity. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of antiviral treatment in patients aged ≥65 years hospitalized with confirmed influenza in preventing intensive care unit (ICU) admission or death. A retrospective cohort study was carried out in 20 hospitals from seven Spanish regions during 2013–2015 in patients aged ≥65 years. Hospitalized cases of laboratory-confirmed influenza were selected. To assess the association between antiviral treatment and ICU admission or death, the adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and their 95% c…

Male0301 basic medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyHospitalized patients030106 microbiologyLogistic regressionAntiviral AgentsTime-to-Treatmentlaw.invention03 medical and health sciencesOseltamivirOlder patientsAdrenal Cortex HormoneslawVirologyInternal medicineInfluenza HumanHumansMedicineAntiviral treatmentAgedRetrospective StudiesPharmacologybusiness.industryRetrospective cohort studyOdds ratioIntensive care unitConfidence intervalHospitalizationIntensive Care UnitsTreatment Outcome030104 developmental biologyFemalebusinessAntiviral Research
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Recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after direct acting antiviral treatment for hepatitis C virus infection: Literature review and risk analysis

2018

Although studies suggest decreased incident hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after treatment with direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, data are conflicting regarding risk and aggressiveness of recurrence in patients who have a history of treated HCC. This review analyses data available in literature in order to elucidate the impact of DAAs on the risk of HCC recurrence after successful treatment of the tumor. Overall 24 papers were identified. The available data cannot be considered definitive, but the initial alarmist data indicating an increased risk of recurrence have not been confirmed by most subsequent studies. The suggested aggressive pattern (rapid gr…

OncologyLiver CirrhosisCirrhosisSustained Virologic ResponseDAA; HCC; HCV; Recurrencemedicine.disease_causelaw.invention0302 clinical medicineRandomized controlled triallawDAA; HCC; HCV; Recurrence; Antiviral Agents; Carcinoma Hepatocellular; Disease Progression; Hepatitis C Chronic; Humans; Liver Cirrhosis; Liver Neoplasms; Neoplasm Recurrence Local; Neoplasm Staging; Risk Assessment; Sustained Virologic ResponseRecurrenceHCCChronicLiver NeoplasmsGastroenterologyhepatocellular carcinomaHepatitis CLocalDAA; HCC; HCV; Recurrence; Hepatology; Gastroenterology030220 oncology & carcinogenesisHepatocellular carcinomaHCVDisease Progression030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyRisk assessmentDirect actingRisk analysismedicine.medical_specialtyCarcinoma HepatocellularHepatitis C virusAntiviral AgentsRisk AssessmentDAA HCC HCV Recurrence03 medical and health sciencesInternal medicinemedicineHumansAntiviral treatmentDAANeoplasm StagingHepatologybusiness.industryCarcinomaHepatocellularHepatitis C Chronicmedicine.diseaseSettore MED/18 - Chirurgia GeneraleNeoplasm RecurrenceNeoplasm Recurrence Localbusiness
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CD4saurus Rex & HIVelociraptor vs. development of clinically useful immunological markers: a Jurassic tale of frozen evolution.

2011

Abstract One of the most neglected areas of everyday clinical practice for HIV physicians is unexpectedly represented by CD4 T cell counts when used as an aid to clinical decisions. All who care for HIV patients believe that CD4+ T cell counts are a reliable method to evaluate a patient immune status. There is however a fatalistic acceptance that besides its general usefulness, CD4+ T cell counts have relevant clincal and immunological limits. Shortcomings of CD4 counts appear in certain clinical scenarios including identification of immunological nonresponders, subsequent development of cancer on antiretroviral teatment, failure on tretment simplification. Historical and recently described…

medicine.medical_specialtyT cellantiviral treatmentHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV)lcsh:MedicineHIV; AIDS; CD4Diseasemedicine.disease_causeGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyCD4+T cellsImmune systemAcquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)medicineIntensive care medicineMedicine(all)clinical trialsImmune statusBiochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology(all)business.industrylcsh:RCancerimmune reconstitutionGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseClinical trialmedicine.anatomical_structureImmunologyCommentarybusiness
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The interplay between the host microbiome and pathogenic viral infections

2021

The microorganisms associated with an organism, the microbiome, have a strong and wide impact in their host biology. In particular, the microbiome modulates both the host defense responses and immunity, thus influencing the fate of infections by pathogens. Indeed, this immune modulation and/or interaction with pathogenic viruses can be essential to define the outcome of viral infections. Understanding the interplay between the microbiome and pathogenic viruses opens future venues to fight viral infections and enhance the efficacy of antiviral therapies. An increasing number of researchers are focusing on microbiome-virus interactions, studying diverse combinations of microbial communities, …

virusesBiologyBacterial Physiological PhenomenaMicrobiologyViral infectionhost-microbiome interactionsInterferonImmunityVirologymedicineAnimalsHumansMicrobiomeOrganismhost-virus interactionsimmune modulationBacteriaHost (biology)pathogenesisMicrobiotainterferonImmune modulationQR1-502antiviral treatmentsVirus DiseasesImmunologyVirusesMicrobial InteractionsMinireviewmedicine.drugVirus Physiological Phenomena
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