Search results for "aperture"

showing 10 items of 182 documents

Lensless object scanning holography for two-dimensional mirror-like and diffuse reflective objects

2013

Recently proposed lensless object scanning holography (LOSH) [Opt. Express 20, 9382 (2012)] is a fully lensless method capable of improving the image quality in digital Fourier holography applied to one-dimensional (1D) reflective objects and it involves a very simplified experimental setup. LOSH is based on the recording and digital postprocessing of a set of digital lensless Fourier transform holograms, which finally results in a synthetic image with improved resolution, field-of-view (FOV), signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and depth of field. In this paper, LOSH is extended to the cases of two-dimensional (2D) mirror-like and 1D diffuse-based objects. For 2D mirror-like objects, the experime…

ApertureImage qualityComputer sciencebusiness.industryHolographyImage processingSuperresolutionAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticslaw.inventionSpeckle patternOpticslawDigital image processingDepth of fieldElectrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessEngineering (miscellaneous)Image resolutionDigital holographyFresnel diffractionApplied Optics
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SPI: The spectrometer aboard INTEGRAL

2003

SPI is a high spectral resolution gamma-ray telescope on board the ESA mission INTEGRAL (International Gamma Ray Astrophysics Laboratory). It consists of an array of 19 closely packed germanium detectors surrounded by an active anticoincidence shield of BGO. The imaging capabilities of the instrument are obtained with a tungsten coded aperture mask located 1.7 m from the Ge array. The fully coded field-of-view is 16º, the partially coded field of view amounts to 31º, and the angular resolution is 2.5º. The energy range extends from 20 keV to 8 MeV with a typical energy resolution of 2.5 keV at 1.3 MeV. Here we present the general concept of the instrument followed by a brief description of …

Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaField of viewSpectroscopicUNESCO::ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICAlaw.inventionTelescopeOpticslawAngular resolutionCoded apertureSpectral resolutionSpectrographDetector ; Spectrograph ; Techniques ; Spectroscopic:ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA::Astronomía óptica [UNESCO]PhysicsSpectrographSpectrometerbusiness.industryUNESCO::ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA::Astronomía ópticaResolution (electron density)Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsAstronomy and AstrophysicsDetectorTechniquesSpace and Planetary Sciencebusiness:ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA [UNESCO]
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Estimation of Vegetation Structure Parameters From SMAP Radar Intensity Observations

2021

In this article, we present a multipolarimetric estimation approach for two model-based vegetation structure parameters (shape A and orientation distribution ψ of the main canopy elements). The approach is based on a reduced observation set of three incoherent (no phase information) polarimetric backscatter intensities (|S HH | 2 , |S HV | 2 , and |S VV | 2 ) combined with a two-parameter (A P and ψ) discrete scatterer model of vegetation. The objective is to understand whether this confined set of observations contains enough information to estimate the two vegetation structure parameters from the L-band radar signals. In order to disentangle soil and vegetation scattering influences on th…

Backscatter:Enginyeria de la telecomunicació::Radiocomunicació i exploració electromagnètica::Radar [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC]Incoherent scatterSynthetic aperture radarGeometryvegetation modelPhysics::GeophysicsBackscatterScatteringPolarimetryddc:550vegetation structureVegetacióDiscrete scattererElectrical and Electronic EngineeringpolarimetryVegetation mappingPhysicsRadarScatteringscatteringShapeOrder (ring theory)PlantsOrientation (vector space)DipoleVegetation structureDistribution (mathematics)Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP)Vegetation modelGeneral Earth and Planetary SciencesEstimationIntensity (heat transfer)radarIEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing
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Multi-aperture beamforming for automated large structure inspection using ultrasonic phased arrays

2019

Increasing the inspection quality and speed is essential in manufacturing applications, especially for large structures (e.g. modern aircrafts). Traditional ultrasonic manual scanning can be comprehensive, but lacks repeatability and is time-consuming. Several robotic non-destructive testing systems have been developed in recent years. Although high inspection rates have been achieved by the use of robotic arms, there is the need to furtherly increase the inspection speeds, to cope with the current industrial demands. For systems delivering robotic ultrasonic inspection through phased array probes, the current bottleneck is given by the time required to electrically fire all elements of the…

Beamformingbusiness.industryApertureComputer sciencePhased arrayTKUltrasonic testingPAUTNondestructive testingBeamformingAutomated InspectionElectronic engineeringRobotUltrasonic sensorUltrasonicsbusinessRobotic arm
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PLZT Electro-optic Q-switch for Er:Cr:YSGG laser

1999

Q-switching of the Er:Cr:YSGG laser at 2.79 micrometers is realized using electrooptic modulators of PLZT X/65/35 ceramics. The high (but slow as compared with single crystals) electrooptical effect in PLZT allowed to construct Q-switches with an aperture larger than 4 X 4 mm 2 , small lengths of 3 - 6 mm, with a control voltage of 1000 - 1500 V. Q-switching is realized using modulators in two modes--as a (lambda) /2 switch placed into the laser cavity at the Brewster angle avoiding reflection losses and as a (lambda) /4 switch with higher single pass losses due to Fresnel reflections. A higher laser output was obtained using (lambda) /2 switching. The obtained pulses had a halfwidth of 150…

Brewster's angleMaterials sciencebusiness.industryApertureFar-infrared laserLaserQ-switchinglaw.inventionPulse (physics)symbols.namesakeMicrosecondOpticslawOptical cavitysymbolsbusinessSPIE Proceedings
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A Multiphysics Approach to Constrain the Dynamics of the Altiplano‐Puna Magmatic System

2021

Continuous Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) monitoring (> 25 years) has revealed a concentric surface deformation pattern above the Altiplano-Puna magma body (APMB) in the central Andes. Here, we use a joint interpretation of seismic imaging, gravity anomalies and InSAR data to constrain location, 3D geometry and density of the magma body. By combining gravity modelling, thermomechanical modelling, scaling law analysis and Bayesian inference, we are able to create a relationship between the geometry of a mid-crustal magma body and surface observations. Furthermore, we can estimate the uncertainties associated with the geometry of the APMB and identify the most important para…

Buoyancy010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesGeophysical imagingMultiphysicsGeophysicsengineering.material010502 geochemistry & geophysics01 natural sciencesGravity anomalyGeophysicsSpace and Planetary ScienceGeochemistry and PetrologyInterferometric synthetic aperture radarMagmaEarth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)engineeringDensity contrastJoint (geology)Geology0105 earth and related environmental sciencesJournal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth
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Redescription and systematic status of the Antarctic genusAbietinellaLevinsen, 1913 (Lafoeidae, Hydrozoa, Cnidaria)

2005

The Antarctic–Patagonian genus Abietinella, comprising two known species, Abietinella operculata (Jaderholm, 1903) and Abietinella grandis (Vanhoffen, 1910), is reviewed. The holotype of Abietinella operculata is fully redescribed, including morphometry and cnidome, unknown up to now. Its distinctive characters are the growth habit, hydrothecal shape and, most important, the presence of a dish‐shaped operculum attached to the adcauline side of the hydrothecal aperture. We corroborate its conspecificity with A. grandis and, therefore, the monotypic condition of Abietinella.

CnidariaGenusEcologyOperculum (bryozoa)AbietinellaAperture (mollusc)HolotypeZoologyAbietinella operculataBiologybiology.organism_classificationEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsHydrozoaJournal of Natural History
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Modular Method of Detection, Localization and Counting of Mutliple-Taxon Pollen Apertures Using Bag of Words

2014

International audience; Accurate recognition of airborne pollen taxa is crucial for understanding and treating allergic diseases, which affect an important proportion of the world population. Modern computer vision techniques enables the detection of discriminant characteristics. Apertures is one of these characteristic that has been little explored up to now. In this paper, a flexible method of detection, localization and counting of apertures of different pollen taxa with varying appearances is proposed. Apertures are described based by primitive images following the Bag-of-Words strat-egy. A confidence map is estimated based on the classification of sampled regions. The method is designe…

Contextual image classificationComputer sciencebusiness.industryLocal binary patternspattern recognitionaperturesCognitive neuroscience of visual object recognition[INFO.INFO-CV]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV]Image segmentationmedicine.disease_cause[ INFO.INFO-CV ] Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV]Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsComputer Science Applicationsbag of wordsRobustness (computer science)Bag-of-words modelPollenLBPPattern recognition (psychology)medicineComputer visionArtificial intelligenceElectrical and Electronic Engineeringbusinesspalynology
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The focal plane assembly for the Athena X-ray Integral Field Unit instrument

2016

This paper summarizes a preliminary design concept for the focal plane assembly of the X-ray Integral Field Unit on the Athena spacecraft, an imaging microcalorimeter that will enable high spectral resolution imaging and point-source spectroscopy. The instrument's sensor array will be a ~ 3840-pixel transition edge sensor (TES) microcalorimeter array, with a frequency domain multiplexed SQUID readout system allowing this large-format sensor array to be operated within the thermal constraints of the instrument's cryogenic system. A second TES detector will be operated in close proximity to the sensor array to detect cosmic rays and secondary particles passing through the sensor array for off…

CryostatPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsAperture01 natural sciencesfrequency division multiplexingfocal plane assemblySettore FIS/05 - Astronomia E AstrofisicaOpticsSensor array0103 physical sciencesElectronicSQUID amplifierAthenaOptical and Magnetic MaterialsElectrical and Electronic Engineeringta216010306 general physicsta113010302 applied physicsPhysicsX-IFUta114ta213business.industryStray lightApplied Mathematicstransition edge sensorDetectorAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsX-ray microcalorimeterComputer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionCondensed Matter PhysicsCardinal pointElectromagnetic shieldingcryogenic anti-coincidence detectorX-ray microcalorimeter transition edge sensor cryogenic anti-coincidence detector SQUID amplifier frequency division multiplexing Athena X-IFU focal plane assemblyTransition edge sensorbusinessAthena; cryogenic anti-coincidence detector; focal plane assembly; frequency division multiplexing; SQUID amplifier; transition edge sensor; X-IFU; X-ray microcalorimeter; Electronic Optical and Magnetic Materials; Condensed Matter Physics; Computer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition; Applied Mathematics; Electrical and Electronic EngineeringSPIE Proceedings
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BART: The Czech Autonomous Observatory

2010

The High Energy Astrophysics group of the stellar department of the Astronomical Institute in Ondřejov operates two small aperture robotic telescopes called BART and D50. Both telescopes are capable of making automatic followup observation of gamma-ray burst optical counterparts. This paper deals with the smaller telescope BART.

CzechPhysicsHigh-energy astronomylcsh:AstronomyAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsAstronomyAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysicsLarge apertureAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysicslanguage.human_languagelaw.inventionTelescopelcsh:QB1-991Space and Planetary ScienceObservatorylawlanguageAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsAdvances in Astronomy
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