Search results for "aphididae"
showing 10 items of 29 documents
Two mitochondrial haplotypes inPterochloroides persicae(Hemiptera: Aphididae: Lachninae) associated with different feeding sites
2012
Pterochloroides persicae (Cholodkovsky) is an aphid species belonging to the subfamily Lachninae that uses different members of Rosaceae (specially Prunus spp.) as hosts. Partial sequences from the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase 1 (COI) and the nuclear long-wave opsin genes were obtained for approximately 100 P. persicae aphid individuals sampled from 34 colonies collected mainly in Tunisia and other Mediterranean locations. The variability found at the mitochondrial locus revealed the presence of two maternal haplotypes in the studied area that differed in a single nucleotide. The nuclear gene analyzed, however, failed to reveal any variability in this species. The variability found at…
Molecular systematics of aphids (Homoptera: Aphididae): new insights from the long-wavelength opsin gene.
2004
Viviparous aphids (Aphididae) constitute a monophyletic group within the Homoptera with more than 4000 extant species worldwide but higher diversity in temperate regions. Several aspects of their biology account for attention paid to this group of insects. Their plant-sap-sucking way of feeding with many species transmitting viruses to crop plants has important implications on crop management strategies. Cyclical parthenogenesis associated in many groups to host alternation and elaborate polyphenisms is of special interests for evolutionists. Finally, the ancient association of most aphid species with intracellular endosymbiotic bacteria (Buchnera sp.) has also received much attention from …
Ecology of the aphid pests of protected pepper crops and their parasitoids
2011
Abstract Myzus persicae, Macrosiphum euphorbiae, Aphis gossypii and Aulacorthum solani (Homoptera: Aphididae) are principal pests of protected pepper crops in southeastern Spain. Our goal was to determine the incidence of aphids on pepper crops and the role of vegetation surrounding greenhouses as a source of aphids and their parasitoids. The population dynamics were followed in six commercial greenhouses during 3 years. Another 82 greenhouses and their surrounding vegetation were surveyed occasionally. Myzus persicae had the highest incidence in pepper greenhouses followed by M. euphorbiae and A. solani. Parasitism of all aphid species in greenhouses was low, Aphidius matricariae and Aphid…
Description ofPauesia (Pauesia)anatolica (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Aphidiinae) sp. nov., a parasitoid of the cedar aphidCinara cedri
2005
The first parasitoid species reared from a population of the cedar aphid,Cinara cedri Mimeur, 1935 (Hemiptera: Aphididae), from the peninsula of Anatolia in Turkey is described.Pauesia anatolica (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Aphidiinae) is closely related to some species of thelaricis group ofPauesia from which it differs in the number of antenomers, the propodeum and features of the female genitalia. Its potential use as a natural enemy in areas where the aphid has been introduced is discussed.
Wolbachia (alphaproteobacteria: rickettsiales) infections in isolated aphid populations from oceanic islands of the Azores archipelago: revisiting th…
2019
Aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) have provided a suitable model to study endosymbionts, their community, and dynamics since the discovery of the obligate endosymbiont Buchnera aphidicola in these organisms. In previous studies, Wolbachia was found in some aphid species. In the present study, we report the prevalence of Wolbachia in aphids sampled from a geographically isolated region (Azores Islands), aiming at a better understanding and characterization of the two newly reported supergroups, M and N. The description of the supergroup M was based on 16S rRNA as well as some protein-coding genes. However, the assignment of the supergroup N was according to 16S rRNA gene sequences of a very few …
Characterisation, analysis of expression and localisation of the opsin gene repertoire from the perspective of photoperiodism in the aphid Acyrthosip…
2017
Organisms exhibit a wide range of seasonal responses as adaptions to predictable annual changes in their environment. These changes are originally caused by the effect of the Earth's cycles around the sun and its axial tilt. Examples of seasonal responses include floration, migration, reproduction and diapause. In temperate climate zones, the most robust variable to predict seasons is the length of the day (i.e. the photoperiod). The first step to trigger photoperiodic driven responses involves measuring the duration of the light-dark phases, but the molecular clockwork performing this task is poorly characterized. Photopigments such as opsins are known to participate in light perception, b…
A new Aphid genus and species (Hemiptera: Aphididae: Macrosiphini) living on ferns in Costa Rica and Mexico
2013
AbstractAphid species colonising ferns belong to the subfamily Aphidinae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and the majority of these to the tribe Macrosiphini. A new genus in this tribe and its type species: Gibbomyzus pteridophytorumnew genus, new species, are established. Apterous and alate viviparous females are described from specimens collected on Blechnum buchtienii Rosenstock (Blechnaceae) in Costa Rica and on Pteridium aquilinum (Linnaeus) Kuhn (Dennstaedtiaceae) and an unidentified fern in Mexico. The taxonomic validity of the two new taxa is discussed based on morphological and molecular data. Morphologically, the new genus is compared with genera with swollen siphunculi recorded in the New …
Molecular Systematics of Aphids and Their Primary Endosymbionts
2001
Abstract Aphids constitute a monophyletic group within the order Homoptera (i.e., superfamily Aphidoidea). The Aphidoidea originated in the Jurassic about 150 my ago from some aphidiform ancestor whose origin can be traced back to about 250 my ago. They exhibit a mutualistic association with intracellular bacteria ( Buchnera sp.) related to Escherichia coli. Buchnera is usually considered the aphids' primary endosymbiont. The association is obligate for both partners. The 16S rDNA-based phylogeny of Buchnera from four aphid families showed complete concordance with the morphology-based phylogeny of their aphid hosts, which pointed to a single original infection in a common ancestor of aphid…
Mitochondrial Dna Variation in Rhopalosiphum padi (Homoptera: Aphididae) Populations from four Spanish Localities
1992
In total, 35 clones of the bird cherry-oat aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) established from samples collected in four distant localities of Spain during fall 1989 and spring 1990 were examined for mitochondrial DNA variation using 20 restriction endonucleases. Individual parthenogenetic adults were used to establish clonal lines on wheat (‘Talento’) seedlings. Restriction site polymorphism was detected only with endonuclease Rsa I, but no statistical treatment of data could be done until more polymorphic endonucleases are found. Length variation of the mitochondrial DNA molecule, however, was extensive among R. padi clones. Distribution among populations of this size polymorphism was used to…
Contribution to the knowledge of North-American species Hyperomyzus subgenus Neonasonovia (Aphididae, Aphidinae, Macrosiphini)
2017
American specimens of the Hyperomyzus subgenus Neonasonovia conserved in the collections of the Museum national d’Histoire naturelle (Paris, France) and the Natural History Museum (London, United Kingdom), have been studied. Data to complement previous descriptions of apterous and alate viviparous females of H. nabali and of apterous viviparae of H. nigricornis, H. inflatus, H. niger and H. pullatus , are presented. Apterous and alate virginogeniae females of H. nigricornis, alate viviparous females of H. inflatus, H. niger and H. pullatus, plus oviparous females of H. nabali , are described for the first time. The morphological and biological variability of H. pullatus is discussed. An ide…