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showing 10 items of 8586 documents

Staged Venture Capital Contracting with Ratchets and Liquidation Rights

2011

Abstract This paper uses real options analysis to study later round financing in the presence of two standard venture capital contracting provisions: anti-dilution (ratchet) and liquidation preference. We argue that such provisions can preclude financing of a positive NPV venture in the case of a large follow-on financing relative to firm value. Liquidation preference contracting at multiples greater than one is not feasible in the later round if the financing is small relative to firm value. We highlight an interaction effect between the two provisions: increasing the liquidation multiple can help to avoid dilution and the need for the prior venture capitalist to waive ratchet provisions.

FinanceEconomics and EconometricsSocial venture capitalbusiness.industryRatchetEnterprise valueEconomicsMonetary economicsVenture capitalbusinessFinancePreferenceSSRN Electronic Journal
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The effectiveness of bank capital adequacy regulation: A theoretical and empirical approach

2003

The aim of this paper is to analyse how banking firms set their capital ratios, that is, the rate of equity capital over assets. In order to study this isue, two theoretical models are developed. Both models deal with the existence of an optimal capital ratio; the first one for firms not affected by capital adequacy regulation, the second one for firms which are. The models have been tested by estimating a disequilibrium model using data of Spanish savings banks.

FinanceEconomics and Econometricsbusiness.industryEconomic capitalRisk-adjusted return on capitalCapital adequacy ratioFinancial capitalCost of capitalCapital requirementEconometricsEconomicsCapital employedbusinessReturn on capitalFinanceJournal of Banking & Finance
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Risk Taking by Banks in the Transition Countries

2007

The banking sectors of the transition countries have progressed remarkably in the last 15 years. In fact, banking in most transition countries has largely shaken off the traumas of the transition era. At the start of the 21st century banks in these countries look very much like banks elsewhere. That is, they are by no means problem free but they are struggling with the same issues as banks in other emerging market countries. There have been a surprisingly large number of studies that have told us about the performance of these banks but we know very little about their risk taking behaviour and how the banking environment influences it.

FinanceEconomics and Econometricsbusiness.industryRisk measuremedia_common.quotation_subjectInstitutional economicsPlanned economyFinancial systemState ownershipCapital (economics)Economicsmedia_common.cataloged_instanceSurvey data collectionQuality (business)Transition countriesEuropean unionEmerging marketsbusinessRisk takingRisk managementmedia_commonCredit risk
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Cost of debt capital and audit in Spanish SMEs

2014

Evidence about the effect of voluntary audits on the cost of debt is mixed, and there is no research about the effects of mandatory audits and the non-compliance with the audit requirement. Using a sample of Spanish SMEs, where some companies are exempt from audit and some are mandatorily audited, we examine if audits, either mandatory or voluntary, help to reduce the cost of debt. We do not find a significant association between voluntary audits and cost of debt, whereas companies that breach the audit requirement have a higher cost of debt than the mandatorily audited ones. This suggests that differences in the cost of debt between audited and unaudited companies are associated with a “pu…

FinanceEconomics and Econometricsbusiness.industrymedia_common.quotation_subjecteducationAccountingSample (statistics)AudithumanitiesCost of capitalhealth services administrationAccountingDebtCapital (economics)Lower costBusinesshealth care economics and organizationsFinancemedia_commonSpanish Journal of Finance and Accounting / Revista Española de Financiación y Contabilidad
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Business Angel Investments: Risks and Opportunities

2015

Abstract For the last few years the need of improving the access to finance for the companies, especially SME's (small and middle enterprises), has been on the agenda in European Union. As long as the traditional financing such as bank loans became more complex to attract, the development of alternative investment, like seed and start-up capital investments, crowd funding, venture capital and Business angels, became a bold topic. Moreover, there is an opinion that development of alternative investment might be seen as a ground for boosting economic activity and entrepreneurship development. Even though a lot of various studies have been done on the evaluation and description of alternative …

FinanceEntrepreneurshipbusiness.industryAlternative investmentVenture capitalObject (philosophy)Business angelsNew business developmentCapital (economics)Economicsmedia_common.cataloged_instanceGeneral Materials ScienceAlternative investmentAccess to financeEuropean unionMarketingFinancingbusinessmedia_commonProcedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences
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Monitoring and Market Power in Loan Markets

2000

Whether or not banks are engaged in ex ante monitoring of customers may have important consequences for the whole economy. We approach this question via a model in which banks can invest in either information acquisition or market power (product differentiation). The two alternatives generate different predictions, which are tested using panel data on Finnish local banks. We find evidence that banks’ investments in branch networks and human capital (personnel) contribute to information acquisition but not to market power. We also find that managing customers’ money transactions enhances banks ability to control their lending risks.

FinanceEx-antebusiness.industryControl (management)Product differentiationMonetary economicsjel:D21Human capitaljel:G21banks; information acquisition; market power; fixed costs; branch network; default costsjel:L15LoanEconomicsInformation acquisitionMarket powerbusinessPanel dataSSRN Electronic Journal
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Capital Structure and Financial Control: The Effect of Leverage on Project Management

2015

Amplification characteristics are leveraging financial system which has a small risk of capability. However, the efficiency of this ability is the two-ways result and will also pose a lot of risks. Therefore, taking positive measures to strengthen the management of the financial system leverage feature in project management becomes very important. This paper describes the financial system leverage to bring the main problem through the lever amplification (nature) analysis of the characteristics, bi-amplified comparative analysis of profit and loss and bi-amplification characteristics of the risk analysis. Based on the above analysis, we put forward countermeasures about the management of le…

FinanceFinancial managementLeverbusiness.product_categoryLeverage (finance)Capital structurebusiness.industryAccounting managementFinancial analysisBusinessProject managementProfit (economics)International Journal of Innovation and Economic Development
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Financial Management as a Tool for Achieving Stable Firm Growth

2016

Abstract The purpose of this study is to show that financial management in the firm is a tool for achieving stable firm growth and long-term firm stability while problems in firm financial management lead to the inability of firms to ensure sustainable growth of their value. This problem is relevant for firms in all countries. The main objectives of this paper are: to analyse dynamics of value of the largest Latvian firms, to determine the drivers of these dynamics and to establish the main problems slowing the growth of firm value, which are related to the drawbacks in financial management, and to provide suggestions for solving these problems. This study analyses financial management proc…

FinanceHF5001-6182060106 history of social sciencesbusiness.industry05 social sciencesEnterprise valuemethod of discounted cash flowFinancial ratioCapital callfinancial management06 humanities and the artsFinancial managementEconomics as a scienceMarket value added0502 economics and businessValue (economics)Business0601 history and archaeologybusinessSustainable growth rateBusiness managementfirm valueHB71-74050203 business & managementIndustrial organizationEconomics and Business
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Financial Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment

2008

We argue that mainstream FDI theory underplays financial motivations for international investment, and suggest several possible channels for a distinct cost-of-capital effect on FDI. Using a sample of European firms' cross-border acquisitions, and controlling for traditional firm-level determinants of FDI, we find strong evidence in favor of a cost-of-equity effect, whereas the effect of debt costs is indeterminate. We further find that financial determinants are more important for firms originating in relatively less financially developed countries and for firms with high knowledge intensity.

FinanceInternational investmentCross listingCost of capitalbusiness.industryDebtmedia_common.quotation_subjectMainstreamSample (statistics)BusinessForeign direct investmentmedia_commonSSRN Electronic Journal
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Equity-worthiness and equity-willingness: key factors in private equity deals

2014

While access to private equity funds (PEFs) provides a unique opportunity for firms to set up sturdy growth paths, how PEFs select companies is an unknown process to entrepreneurs and business owners. This study aims to offer insights regarding the private equity market to entrepreneurs searching for external capital. We analyzed a novel dataset of 240 pre-deal negotiations between small- and medium-sized Italian companies and a closed-end fund. Results indicate that the successful closing of a deal depends on more than just the target firm's equity-worthiness (i.e., the company's ability to meet the expectations of a private equity investor). In fact, there is another dimension: the target…

FinanceMarketingEquity riskbusiness.industryPrivate equity; Pre-deal negotiation; Worthiness and willingnessPrivate equity secondary marketEntrepreneurs; Financing; Pre-deal negotiation; Private equity; Worthiness and willingness; Business and International Management; Marketing;Private equity firmSettore SECS-P/08 - Economia e Gestione delle ImpreseEntrepreneursPrivate investment in public equityClub dealPrivate equity fundPrivate equityPrivate equityEconomicsEntrepreneurWorthiness and willingneWorthiness and willingnessFinancingBusiness and International ManagementbusinessEquity capital marketsPre-deal negotiation
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