Search results for "appetite"
showing 10 items of 66 documents
Insulin acts at different CNS sites to decrease acute sucrose intake and sucrose self-administration in rats.
2008
Findings from our laboratory and others have demonstrated that the hormone insulin has chronic effects within the CNS to regulate energy homeostasis and to decrease brain reward function. In this study, we compared the acute action of insulin to decrease intake of a palatable food in two different behavioral tasks—progressive ratios sucrose self-administration and mu opioid-stimulated sucrose feeding—when administered into several insulin-receptive sites of the CNS. We tested insulin efficacy within the medial hypothalamic arcuate (ARC) and paraventricular (PVN) nuclei, the nucleus accumbens, and the ventral tegmental area. Administration of insulin at a dose that has no chronic effect on …
Food intake in lean and obese mice after peripheral administration of glucagon-like peptide 2
2012
We investigated the potential anorectic action of peripherally administered glucagon-like peptide 2 (GLP2) in lean and diet-induced obese (DIO) mice. Mice, fasted for 16 h, were injected i.p. with native GLP2 or [Gly2]GLP2, stable analog of GLP2, before or after GLP2 (3–33), a GLP2 receptor (GLP2R) antagonist, or exendin (9–39), a GLP1R antagonist. Food intake was measured at intervals 1, 2, 4, 8, and 24 h postinjection. In addition, we tested in lean mice the influence of [Gly2]GLP2 on gastric emptying and the effects of GLP1 alone or in combination with [Gly2]GLP2 on food intake. [Gly2]GLP2 dose dependently and significantly inhibited food intake in lean and DIO mice. The reduction of foo…
Women executives and financing pecking order of GEM-listed companies: Moderating roles of social capital and regional institutional environment
2021
Abstract This paper investigates the financing options of female executives within China’s unique environment. We examined 154 GEM enterprises listed on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange from 2009 to 2016. The data were analyzed using statistical procedures including multilevel regression analysis based on the existing financing pecking order models. Empirical evidence shows that women executives are less likely to use internal and debt financing. In terms of internal financing willingness, social capital and external institutional environment have negative and positive moderating effects respectively. In terms of debt financing willingness, social capital has a positive moderating effect. In add…
Ageing and COPD affect different domains of nutritional status: the ECCE study
2010
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and ageing may contribute to malnutrition. We aimed to explore whether COPD and ageing determine malnutrition in different manners. 460 stable COPD outpatients (376 males and 84 females) from the Extrapulmonary Consequences of COPD in the Elderly (ECCE) study database were investigated (age 75.0±5.9 yrs; forced expiratory volume in 1 s 54.7±18.3% predicted). Nutritional status was evaluated using the Mini Nutritional Assessment® (MNA) questionnaire. From the MNA, three scores exploring the domains of the nutritional status were calculated: body composition, energy intake and body functionality scores. Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lun…
Near Infrared Spectroscopy Detection and Quantification of Herbal Medicines Adulterated with Sibutramine.
2015
There is an increasing demand for herbal medicines in weight loss treatment. Some synthetic chemicals, such as sibutramine (SB), have been detected as adulterants in herbal formulations. In this study, two strategies using near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy have been developed to evaluate potential adulteration of herbal medicines with SB: a qualitative screening approach and a quantitative methodology based on multivariate calibration. Samples were composed by products commercialized as herbal medicines, as well as by laboratory adulterated samples. Spectra were obtained in the range of 14,000-4000 per cm. Using PLS-DA, a correct classification of 100% was achieved for the external validatio…
Taste disorders in disease
2016
Among the different sensory systems, gustation is one of the most elaborate. In its sensory task, gustation is helped by interactions with other sensory systems (olfaction, vision, audition, and somatosensory, trigeminal and thermal sensations). It allows the detection and identification of soluble compounds which can be ingested or must be avoided. This function is fundamental to ingestive behavior (energy intake and selection of nutrients) in order to meet physiological needs. Taste is also fundamental to the genesis of hedonic sensations and, therefore, the desire to eat (appetite). The tasting step is also the first stage of the digestion, absorption, and storage of nutrients due to ant…
ENTREACTO / ENTR?ACTE Un film / A Film Chopin y los Sand, amor a cuatro bandas. Aproximación a la esfera privada de Fryderyk Chopin a partir de la pe…
2021
Two centuries later, the legend Chopin-Sand continues to supply the collective imaginary with vague readings, where historical truthfulness, let alone musical truth, is often contingent on the literary. The much discussed and bellicose romance between the Polish composer and the French novelist, George Sand, tends to some reductionism and evades an obvious reality: Fryderyk Chopin meets George Sand when she was already the mother of two children. This circumstance suggests reformulating certain romantic stereotypes. Jerzy Antczak?s biographical film Pragnienie Mi?o?ci (Chopin: Desire for Love, 2002) does not overlook this detail and makes it one of its narrative axes. The relationship betwe…
Hedonic sensations implicated in the control of human food intake : alimentary alliesthesia and sensory-specific satiety
2011
The control of food intake is a complex and multifactorial process controlled by the CNS. It is implicated in the regulation of body weight and the supply of energy substrates, as well as the supply of a panoply of nutrients to cover the specific needs of the organism. Among all the factors involved, hedonic sensations play an important role in guiding food selection and limitation of intake. The theoretical section of this thesis takes into account the physio-anatomical aspects of the control of food intake, in particular sensory pleasure and its evaluation, within the framework of the three principal hedonic phenomena: Conditioned Satiety (CS), Alimentary alliesthesia (AA) and sensory-spe…
Hedonic sensations implicated in the control of human food intake : alimentary alliesthesia and sensory-specific satiety
2011
The control of food intake is a complex and multifactorial process controlled by the CNS. It is implicated in the regulation of body weight and the supply of energy substrates, as well as the supply of a panoply of nutrients to cover the specific needs of the organism. Among all the factors involved, hedonic sensations play an important role in guiding food selection and limitation of intake. The theoretical section of this thesis takes into account the physio-anatomical aspects of the control of food intake, in particular sensory pleasure and its evaluation, within the framework of the three principal hedonic phenomena: Conditioned Satiety (CS), Alimentary alliesthesia (AA) and sensory-spe…