Search results for "applied psychology"
showing 10 items of 1960 documents
Too close for comfort? The impact of salesperson‐customer proximity on consumers' purchase behavior
2021
Across a series of lab and field studies, with a total sample of over 1200 participants, we investigate how the physical proximity between salespeople and customers can impact store loyalty, purchase intentions, and actual spending. An initial survey among a representative sample of retail salespeople reveals that they associate close physical proximity between employees and customers with positive consumer outcomes, an intuition that dovetails with prior research documenting the positive influence of such proximity on purchase intentions, particularly in nonexpressive consumption contexts. Contrary to this work, we demonstrate, across four studies in which proximity was both measured and m…
Psychological and behavioural factors of unintentional doping: A preliminary systematic review
2018
In some cases, doping in sport is an intentional goal-directed behaviour, but research suggests that it might also occur accidentally when athletes inadvertently or unintentionally consume banned performance-enhancing drugs via food, supplements, or medication. Because research into the psychological factors of unintentional doping is still emerging, this paper aims to conduct a preliminary systematic review of all the existing literature concerning the psychology of unintentional doping in sport. The systematic review was carried out via an extensive search of Medline, PsycINFO, PsycTESTS, PsycARTICLES, and Web of Science, and reports from World Anti-Doping Agency. Among the 2110 articles …
Context-sensitive distraction warnings : effects on drivers' visual behavior and acceptance
2016
In this study, we investigated the effects of context-sensitive distraction warnings on drivers' in-car glance behaviors and acceptance. The studied prototype warning application functions on a smart phone. The novelty of the application is its proactive and context-sensitive approach to the adjustment of warning thresholds according to the estimated visual demands of the driving situation ahead. In our study, novice and experienced drivers conducted in-car tasks with a smart phone on a test track with and without the warnings. The application gave a warning if the driver's gaze was recognized to remain on the smart phone over a situation-specific threshold time, or if the driver was approa…
Refining distraction potential testing guidelines by considering differences in glancing behavior
2021
Driver distraction is a recognized cause of traffic accidents. Although the well-known guidelines for measuring distraction of secondary in-car tasks were published by the United States National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) in 2013, studies have raised concerns on the accuracy of the method defined in the guidelines, namely criticizing them for basing the diversity of the driver sample on driver age, and for inconsistent between-group results. In fact, it was recently discovered that the NHTSA driving simulator test is susceptible to rather fortuitous results when the participant sample is randomized. This suggests that the results of said test are highly dependent on the s…
‘I was excited to train, so I didn’t have problems with the coach’: dual career athletes’ experiences of (dis)empowering motivational climates
2019
In addition to investing in athletic development, adolescent elite athletes are expected to complete their secondary education. As a result of this expectation and the demands of sport and education, they may struggle to sustain high levels of motivation for both domains. Grounded in theoretical tenets of empowering coaching, this study sought to explore student–athletes’ perceptions of empowering and disempowering motivational climates and their possible implications for athletes’ dual career experiences. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 17 Finnish student–athletes, and the data were thematically analysed. The analysis indicated that a majority of the athletes had experiences…
Goals and guesses as reference points: a field experiment on student performance
2022
In this paper, we study overconfidence and goal-setting in academic performance, with and without monetary incentives. Students enrolled in a microeconomics course were offered the possibility of setting their own target grade before taking part in the final exam. They were also asked to guess their grade immediately after they had taken the exam (“post-diction”). In general, students overestimated their performance, both at the goal-setting and at the post-diction stages. Controlling for several sources of this bias (cognitive abilities, academic record and self-reported academic confidence), we find that the use of monetary rewards mitigates the overestimation of potential achievements an…
Moderating cultural effects in a higher e-education context? Supervisor's tone of voice in recorded audio feedback
2017
Providing feedback to learners on their writing assignments is one of the most important and time-consuming tasks that a supervisor performs. In e-Education environments, especially in the case of distance learning, giving feedback becomes more challenging because there are often no opportunities for face-to-face interaction. Typically, a supervisor provides comments to learners in written form via email; however, the use of recorded audio feedback (RAF) in e-Education environments has become a viable alternative. This work in progress reports on learners’ perceptions of RAF in a multi-cultural higher eEducation context. Our observations indicate that learners tend to have positive feelings…
Psychological adjustment and victim-blaming among intimate partner violence offenders: The role of social support and stressful life events
2013
AbstractIntimate partner violence offenders often use victim-blaming attributions to explain their own violent behavior. These attributions represent an important challenge for intervention programs for intimatepartner violence offenders. The main objectives of this study were to analyze both the influence of social support and stressful life events on the psychological adjustment (self-esteem and depressive symptomatology) of intimate partner violence offenders and the relationship between offenders’ psychological adjustment and their victim-blaming attributions. The sample consists of 314 men convicted of intimate partner violence who were referred to a community-based intervention progra…
Gender Behavioral Issues and Entrepreneurship
2017
Women, despite the fact that they make up around 50% of the world’s population, own and manage significantly fewer businesses than men worldwide. Previous empirical research indicates that the gender gap in entrepreneurial propensity mainly comes from subjective perceptions as self-confidence in one’s own skills and fear of failure, and from women’s lower exposure to other entrepreneurs. In this chapter we present laboratory economic experiments that study, under controlled conditions, subjective perceptions of women and men that seem to affect entrepreneurial propensity. The results of the reviewed experiments indicate that correcting factors such as self-confidence is possible (due to its…
How Do Young People Cope with Job Flexibility?: Demographic and Psychological Antecendents of the Resistance to Accept a Job with Non-Preferred Flexi…
2002
La flexibilite est souvent vue comme condition necessaire a la survie des marches de travail nationaux et a celle des organisations dans un monde en rapide changement ou s’accroit la competition globale. Elle a adopte diverses formes tels les contrats a duree determinee, l’externalisation, les horaires flexibles, le temps partiel, les heures complementaires, le roulement fonctionnel. De plus, il a ete declare que la flexibilite organisationnelle se doit d’etre accompagnee d’une flexibilite personnelle. Quoi qu’il en soit, face aux nouvelles opportunites de travail, les gens different tant sur le plan de leurs preferences que sur celui de leur comportement. Le but de cette etude est d’identi…