Search results for "artery disease"

Clinical use of intracoronary imaging. Part 1: guidance and optimization of coronary interventions. An expert consensus document of the European Asso…

2018

This Consensus Document is the first of two reports summarizing the views of an expert panel organized by the European Association of Percutaneous Cardiovascular Interventions (EAPCI) on the clinical use of intracoronary imaging including intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) and optical coherence tomography (OCT). The first document appraises the role of intracoronary imaging to guide percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs) in clinical practice. Current evidence regarding the impact of intracoronary imaging guidance on cardiovascular outcomes is summarized, and patients or lesions most likely to derive clinical benefit from an imaging-guided intervention are identified. The relevance of the u…

Complement and Atherogenesis

1999

Abstract —Complement activation occurs in temporal correlation with the subendothelial deposition of LDL during early atherogenesis, and complement also plays a pathogenetic role in promoting lesion progression. Two lesion components have been identified that may be responsible for complement activation. First, enzymatic degradation of LDL generates a derivative that can spontaneously activate complement, and enzymatically degraded LDL (E-LDL) has been detected in the lesions. Second, C-reactive protein (CRP) colocalizes with complement C5b-9, as evidenced by immunohistological studies of early atherosclerotic lesions, so the possibility exists that this acute phase protein also fulfills a…

Circadian rhythms in ischaemic heart disease

2022

Abstract Circadian rhythms are internal regulatory processes controlled by molecular clocks present in essentially every mammalian organ that temporally regulate major physiological functions. In the cardiovascular system, the circadian clock governs heart rate, blood pressure, cardiac metabolism, contractility, and coagulation. Recent experimental and clinical studies highlight the possible importance of circadian rhythms in the pathophysiology, outcome, or treatment success of cardiovascular disease, including ischaemic heart disease. Disturbances in circadian rhythms are associated with increased cardiovascular risk and worsen outcome. Therefore, it is important to consider circadian rhy…

GENETIC MARKERS OF DEVELOPMENT AND PROGRESSION OF THE ATHEROSCLEROSIS. POSSIBLE ROLE OF VARIANTS THAT CHANGE THE INTERACTIONS WITH THE PROTEOGLYCANS …

2021

The Mode of Calcification in Atherosclerotic Lesions

1977

Calcific deposits in atherosclerotic plaques are usually considered to be an end stage of advanced atheroma formation. Postmortem studies of coronary arteries showed that pronounced atherosclerotic calcifications are strongly associated with stenosis of the involved segments and ischemic myocardial lesions (Eggen et al. 1965; McCarthy and Palmer 1974). A close correlation has also been found between calcific lesions detected by fluoroscopy or cinefluorography and clinical coronary artery disease (Oliver et al. 1964; Wartburton et al. 1968). Therefore, arterial calcification detected during life may be of important prognostic significance. Moreover, larger calcific plaques may influence the …

CT Radiomic Features and Clinical Biomarkers for Predicting Coronary Artery Disease

2023

AbstractThis study was aimed to investigate the predictive value of the radiomics features extracted from pericoronaric adipose tissue — around the anterior interventricular artery (IVA) — to assess the condition of coronary arteries compared with the use of clinical characteristics alone (i.e., risk factors). Clinical and radiomic data of 118 patients were retrospectively analyzed. In total, 93 radiomics features were extracted for each ROI around the IVA, and 13 clinical features were used to build different machine learning models finalized to predict the impairment (or otherwise) of coronary arteries. Pericoronaric radiomic features improved prediction above the use of risk factors alon…

Additive effect of mutations in LDLR and PCSK9 genes on the phenotype of familial hypercholesterolemia.

2006

Patients homozygous or Compound heterozygous for LDLR mutations or double heterozygous for LDLR and apo B R3500Q mutation have higher LDL-C levels. more extensive xanthomatosis and more severe premature coronary disease (pCAD) than simple heterozygotes for mutations in either these genes or for missense mutations in PCSK9 gene. It is not known whether combined mutations in LDLR and PKCS9 are associated with such a severe phenotype. We sequenced Apo B and PCSK9 genes in two patients with the clinical diagnosis of homozygous FH who were heterozygous for LDLR gene mutations. Proband Z.P. (LDL-C 13.39 mmol/L and pCAD) was heterozygous for an LDLR mutation (p.E228K) inherited from her father (LD…

Enzymatically modified LDL induces cathepsin H in human monocytes: potential relevance in early atherogenesis.

2003

Objective—Modification with proteases and cholesterylesterase transforms LDL to a moiety that resembles lipoproteins isolated from atherosclerotic lesions and possesses atherogenic properties. To identify changes in monocyte-derived foam cells laden with enzymatically modified LDL (E-LDL), we compared patterns of the most abundant transcripts in these cells after incubation with LDL or E-LDL.Methods and Results—Serial analyses of gene expression (SAGE) libraries were constructed from human monocytes after treatment with LDL or E-LDL. Several tags were differentially expressed in LDL-treated versus E-LDL–treated cells, whereby marked selective induction by E-LDL of cathepsin H was conspicuou…

Obstructive sleep apnoea in acute coronary syndrome.

2019

Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) syndrome affects about 13% of the male and 7–9% of the female population. Hypoxia, oxidative stress and systemic inflammation link OSA and cardiovascular and metabolic consequences, including coronary artery disease. Current research has identified several clinical phenotypes, and the combination of breathing disturbances during sleep, systemic effects and end-organ damage might help to develop personalised therapeutic approaches. It is unclear whether OSA is a risk factor for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and might affect its outcome. On the one hand, OSA in patients with ACS may worsen prognosis; on the other hand, OSA-related hypoxaemia could favour the dev…

Survival and reinterventions after isolated proximal aortic repair in acute type A aortic dissection.

2018

OBJECTIVES Conventional treatment for acute type A dissection is the replacement of the ascending aorta. This study demonstrates the results of a conventional approach with isolated proximal repair combined with concomitant endovascular procedures. METHODS Replacement of the ascending aorta with or without an open distal anastomosis was defined as isolated proximal repair and was performed in 562/588 patients between January 2004 and June 2017. A total of 68% were DeBakey type I and 32% were DeBakey type II aortic dissections. Concomitant procedures were thoracic endovascular aortic repair (3.6%); visceral, renal and iliac stents (2%); and peripheral bypasses (1.1%). Mean follow-up was 4.6 …