Search results for "astrofísica"
showing 10 items of 402 documents
La formación de un Sistema Solar
2014
En este capítulo de Bocados de Ciencia contaremos la historia que lleva desde una nube de gas y polvo hasta una estrella rodeada de un sistema planetario. Hasta hace bien poco todo lo que sabíamos de este proceso lo habíamos de deducir de nuestro propio Sistema Solar, ya que no conocíamos ningún otro sistema en que se hubieran formado planetas. Pero en los últimos veinte años la situación ha cambiado a gran velocidad: hoy descubrimos sistemas planetarios nuevos cada día, y hemos pasado de pensar que nuestro entorno planetario quizá era la excepción a darnos cuenta de que es uno más entre millones de otros. En las próximas décadas, la observación de esta nueva plétora de vecindarios planetar…
LA UNIVERSITAT RESPON: FORATS NEGRES
2007
Programa pilot de la sèrie de microespais 'La Universitat respon'. En este capítol es respon a pregunta: Què són els forats negres?.
The richest superclusters : I Morphology
2007
We study the morphology of the richest superclusters from the catalogues of superclusters of galaxies in the 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey and compare the morphology of real superclusters with model superclusters in the Millennium Simulation. We use Minkowski functionals and shapefinders to quantify the morphology of superclusters: their sizes, shapes, and clumpiness. We generate empirical models of simple geometry to understand which morphologies correspond to the supercluster shapefinders. We show that rich superclusters have elongated, filamentary shapes with high-density clumps in their core regions. The clumpiness of superclusters is determined using the fourth Minkowski functional $V_3$.…
Wind accretion in the massive X-ray binary 4U 2206+54: abnormally slow wind and a moderately eccentric orbit
2006
Massive X-ray binaries are usually classified depending on the properties of the donor star in classical, supergiant and Be X-ray binaries. The massive X-ray binary 4U 2206+54 does not fit in any of these groups, and deserves a detailed study to understand how the transfer of matter and the accretion on to the compact object take place. To this end we study an IUE spectrum of the donor and obtain a wind terminal velocity (v_inf) of ~350 km/s, which is abnormally slow for its spectral type. We also analyse here more than 9 years of available RXTE/ASM data. We study the long-term X-ray variability of the source and find it to be similar to that observed in the wind-fed supergiant system Vela …
Multiwavelength study of accretion-powered pulsars
2010
My PhD thesis consists in a multi-frequency approach to High Mass X-ray Binaries (HMXBs), using infrared and X-ray data. On one side, my research project aimed at the identification and characterization of IR counterparts to obscured HMXBs in the Scutum and Norma inner galactic arms. The identification of optical/IR counterparts to HMXBs is a necessary step to undertake detailed studies of these systems. With data limited to the high-energy range, the understanding of their complex structure and dynamics cannot be complete. In the last years, INTEGRAL has revealed the presence of an important population of heavily absorbed HMXBs in the Scutum and Norma regions, virtually unobservable below …
New Insights into Galaxy Clusters: from Simulations to Observations
2011
The work carried out during this Thesis is framed within the field of Numerical Cosmology and focused on several broad lines intimately related which deal with the theoretical and numerical study of galaxy clusters: (i) the halo-finding problem, (ii) new improvements in cosmological simulations, and (iii) the formation and evolution of galaxy clusters. In spite of the achievements reached by Computational Cosmology in the last years, present-day hydrodynamics/N-body simulations still present important discrepancies with the observations, especially in the inner regions of massive galaxy clusters. Among these discrepancies we can cite, for instance, the breaking up of the self-similar scalin…
Asteroseismology and mass loss in Be stars. Study with CoRoT
2010
The interiors of the stars are among the most difficult parts of the Universe to observe. Essentially, asteroseismology tries to make use of the oscillations to prove the stellar interiors, which are not directly observable. The basic principles of asteroseismology are, to a certain extent, similar to those developed and employed by Earth seismologists. Asteroseismology relies on advanced mathematical descriptions of oscillations in a three-dimensional body and numerical modeling. It is therefore a prominent example of interdisciplinary science. The general aim of this work is the study of Be stars with the CoRoT space mission. Classical Be stars are B-type stars that exhibit line emission …
The intensity contrast of solar photospheric faculae and network elements : II. Evolution over the rising phase of solar cycle 23
2006
We studied the radiative properties of small magnetic elements (active region faculae and the network) during the rising phase of solar cycle 23 from 1996 to 2001, determining their contrasts as a function of heliocentric angle, magnetogram signal, and the solar cycle phase. We combined near-simultaneous full disk images of the line-of-sight magnetic field and photospheric continuum intensity provided by the MDI instrument on board the SOHO spacecraft. Sorting the magnetogram signal into different ranges allowed us to distinguish between the contrast of different magnetic structures. We find that the contrast center-to-limb variation (CLV) of these small magnetic elements is independent of …
Testing neutrino physics and dark radiation properties with cosmological measurements
2013
El Modelo Estándard de partículas fundamentales asume que hay tres especies de neutrinos sin masa que interactúan a través de la fuerza débil. Durante los últimos años, los experimentos con neutrinos solares, atmosférico, aquellos de reactores y aceleradores han aportado pruebas sólidas de la existencia de oscilaciones del neutrino. Esto implica que los neutrinos tienen masa. Sin embargo, los experimentos de oscilaciones determinan sólo la diferencias relativas de las masas de los neutrinos; la escala absoluta de masas puede determinarse mediante datos cosmológico. Las masas de los neutrinos afectan los distintos observables cosmológicos, in particular, a la evolución de las perturbaciones …
Neutron capture measurement of 54Fe and 57Fe at CERN n_TOF
2014
137 páginas. Tesis Doctoral del Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear de la Universidad de Valencia y del Instituto de Física Corpuscular (IFIC).