Search results for "athlete"

showing 10 items of 777 documents

Analysis of performance and age of the fastest 100-mile ultra-marathoners worldwide

2013

OBJECTIVES: The performance and age of peak ultra-endurance performance have been investigated in single races and single race series but not using worldwide participation data. The purpose of this study was to examine the changes in running performance and the age of peak running performance of the best 100-mile ultra-marathoners worldwide. METHOD: The race times and ages of the annual ten fastest women and men were analyzed among a total of 35,956 finishes (6,862 for women and 29,094 for men) competing between 1998 and 2011 in 100-mile ultra-marathons. RESULTS: The annual top ten performances improved by 13.7% from 1,132±61.8 min in 1998 to 977.6±77.1 min in 2011 for women and b…

11035 Institute of General PracticeAdultMaleGerontologyFuture studies610 Medicine & health2700 General MedicineAthletic PerformanceRunningSex FactorsAthleteSex factorsHumansMedicineUltra-EnduranceSex DifferenceUltra enduranceMilelcsh:R5-920business.industryAge FactorsGeneral MedicineClinical SciencePhysical EnduranceFemalelcsh:Medicine (General)businessClinics
researchProduct

Wheelchair half-marathon and marathon performance: The ‘Oita International Wheelchair Marathon’ 1983-2011

2013

Knechtle, B. & Lepers, R. (2013). Wheelchair half-marathon and marathon performance ‐ the ‘Oita International Wheelchair Marathon’ 1983-2011. J. Hum. Sport Exerc., 8(4), pp.974-985. We compared participation and performance trends of individuals with disabilities competing in the half- and full-marathon in the ‘Oita International Wheelchair Marathon’ from 1981 to 2011. The performance times decreased during the 1980’s until the middle 1990’s and stabilized thereafter for both half-marathoners and marathoners. The mean top five overall finishers times were 0:52±0:07 h:min for half-marathoners and 1:36 ±0:11 h:min for marathoners, respectively. The mean age of the finishers increased signific…

11035 Institute of General PracticeAge effectmedicine.medical_specialty610 Medicine & healthPhysical Therapy Sports Therapy and RehabilitationSpinal cord injuryEnduranceWheelchairPhysical medicine and rehabilitationHumEducación Física y DeportivaMedicine3612 Physical Therapy Sports Therapy and Rehabilitationlcsh:Sports medicineSpinal cord injurybiologyIndividuals with disabilitybusiness.industryAthletesMean agebiology.organism_classificationmedicine.diseaseAging athletesPhysical therapybusinesslcsh:RC1200-1245Journal of Human Sport and Exercise
researchProduct

Changes in breaststroke swimming performances in national and international athletes competing between 1994 and 2011 -a comparison with freestyle swi…

2014

Abstract Background The purpose of the present study was to analyse potential changes in performance of elite breaststroke swimmers competing at national and international level and to compare to elite freestyle swimming performance. Methods Temporal trends in performance of elite breaststroke swimmers were analysed from records of the Swiss Swimming Federation and the FINA (Fédération Internationale de Natation) World Swimming Championships during the 1994–2011 period. Swimming speeds of elite female and male breaststroke swimmers competing in 50 m, 100 m, and 200 m were examined using linear regression, non-linear regression and analysis of variance. Results of breaststroke swimmers were …

11035 Institute of General PracticeFuture studies610 Medicine & healthPhysical Therapy Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation[SDV.GEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/GeneticsSwimming speed03 medical and health sciences2732 Orthopedics and Sports Medicine0302 clinical medicineMedicineGender differenceOrthopedics and Sports MedicineBreaststrokeNational levelWomen3612 Physical Therapy Sports Therapy and RehabilitationInternational level[SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Geneticsbiologybusiness.industryAthletesRehabilitationMen030229 sport sciencesbiology.organism_classificationSex-related difference2742 RehabilitationSwimming speed[ SDV.GEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Geneticsbusinesshuman activities030217 neurology & neurosurgeryResearch ArticleDemography
researchProduct

Increase in finishers and improvement of performance of masters runners in the Marathon des Sables

2013

Saskia Carolin Jampen,1 Beat Knechtle,1,2 Christoph Alexander Rüst,1 Romuald Lepers,3 Thomas Rosemann11Institute of General Practice and for Health Services Research, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; 2Gesundheitszentrum St Gallen, St Gallen, Switzerland; 3INSERM U1093, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Burgundy, Dijon, FranceAim: The aim of the study was to examine finisher and performance trends of ultrarunners in the Marathon des Sables, the world's largest multistage ultramarathon.Methods: The age and running speed was analyzed for 6945 finishes of 909 women and 6036 men between 2003 and 2012 at the Marathon des Sables covering about 240 km in the Morocc…

11035 Institute of General PracticeFuture studiesbiologybusiness.industryAthletes610 Medicine & healthrunning speedInternational Journal of General MedicineMean age2700 General MedicineGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationultraenduranceAge groupsMasters athletesMedicineage groupathletebusinessOriginal ResearchDemography
researchProduct

Sex differences in 24-hour ultra-marathon performance - A retrospective data analysis from 1977 to 2012

2013

OBJECTIVES: This study examined the changes in running performance and the sex differences between women and men in 24-hour ultra-marathons held worldwide from 1977 to 2012. METHOD: Changes in running speed and ages of the fastest 24-hour ultra-marathoners were determined using single- and multi-level regression analyses. RESULTS: From 1977 to 2012, the sex differences in 24-hour ultra-marathon performance were 4.6±0.5% for all women and men, 13.3% for the annual fastest finishers, 12.9±0.8% for the top 10 and 12.2±0.4% for the top 100 finishers. Over time, the sex differences decreased for the annual fastest finishers to 17%, for the annual 10 fastest finishers to 11.3±2.2% and for the ann…

11035 Institute of General PracticeGerontologyAdultMaleTime Factors610 Medicine & health2700 General MedicineAthletic PerformanceUltra marathonRetrospective dataRunningYoung AdultSex FactorsAthleteMedicineHumansUltra enduranceRetrospective Studieslcsh:R5-920biologybusiness.industryAthletesAge FactorsGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedClinical Sciencebiology.organism_classificationUltra-enduranceCross-Sectional StudiesPhysical EnduranceRegression AnalysisFemalelcsh:Medicine (General)businesshuman activities
researchProduct

Age and gender difference in non-drafting ultra-endurance cycling performance - the 'Swiss Cycling Marathon'.

2013

Abstract Background In recent years, there was an increased interest in investigating the gender difference in performance and the age of peak performance in ultra-endurance performances such as ultra-triathlon, ultra-running, and ultra-swimming, but not in ultra-cycling. The aim of the present study was to analyze the gender difference in ultra-cycling performance and the age of peak ultra-cycling performance in the 720-km ‘Swiss Cycling Marathon’, the largest European qualifier for the ‘Race Across America’. Methods Changes in the cycling speed and age of 985 finishers including 38 women and 947 men competing in the Swiss Cycling Marathon from 2001 to 2012 covering a distance of 720 km wi…

11035 Institute of General PracticeGerontologyFuture studies[SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO]Physiology610 Medicine & healthAge and gender03 medical and health sciences2732 Orthopedics and Sports Medicine2737 Physiology (medical)0302 clinical medicineAthletePhysiology (medical)[SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO]MedicineOrthopedics and Sports MedicineWomen030212 general & internal medicineUltra enduranceSportbusiness.industry[ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO]ResearchMen1314 Physiology030229 sport sciencesHuman physiologyGender gapbusinessCyclingDemographyExtreme physiologymedicine
researchProduct

Running speed during training and percent body fat predict race time in recreational male marathoners.

2012

 Background: Recent studies have shown that personal best marathon time is a strong predictor of race time in male ultramarathoners. We aimed to determine variables predictive of marathon race time in recreational male marathoners by using the same characteristics of anthropometry and training as used for ultramarathoners.Methods: Anthropometric and training characteristics of 126 recreational male marathoners were bivariately and multivariately related to marathon race times.Results: After multivariate regression, running speed of the training units (β=-0.52, P<0.0001) and percent body fat (β=0.27, P <0.0001) were the two variables most strongly cor…

11035 Institute of General PracticeGerontologyenduranceanthropometrybusiness.industryeducationTraining (meteorology)610 Medicine & healthAnthropometryskinfold thicknessRace (biology)body fatSkinfold thicknessKey factorsMedicineathletebusinessOpen Access Journal of Sports Medicinehuman activitiesDemographyOriginal ResearchOpen access journal of sports medicine
researchProduct

A comparison of medley and freestyle performance for national and international swimmers between 1994 and 2011.

2013

Christof Buhl,1 Beat Knechtle,1,2 Christoph Alexander Rüst,1 Thomas Rosemann,1 Romuald Lepers31Institute of General Practice and for Health Services Research, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; 2Gesundheitszentrum St Gallen, St Gallen, Switzerland; 3Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Burgundy, Dijon, FranceAbstract: The change in swim performance over time has been investigated for freestyle, but not for other strokes, such as in the medley. The aim of the study was to examine changes in 200 m and 400 m swim performances in medley swimmers at national (Switzerland) and international level (world championship finals) from 1994 to 2011. The 200 m and 400 m freestyle per…

11035 Institute of General PracticeInternational levelFuture studiesbusiness.industrymen610 Medicine & healthMedicinewomenathleteswimmingbusinessOpen Access Journal of Sports MedicineSimulationDemographyOriginal ResearchOpen access journal of sports medicine
researchProduct

Performance of Kenyan athletes in mountain versus flat marathon running - An example in Switzerland

2013

Harm, C., Knechtle, B., Rust, A.C., Rosemann, T., Lepers, R. & Onywera, V. (2013). Performance of Kenyan athletes in mountain versus flat marathon running - An example in Switzerland. J. Hum. Sport Exerc., 8(4), pp.881-893. The purpose of this study was to compare running performance of Kenyans in a flat city marathon and a mountain marathon in Switzerland. Running times of top three overall Kenyan runners were compared with running times of top three overall runners of other nations in a mountain and a flat marathon held in Switzerland between 2003 and 2011. In the mountain marathon top three male Kenyans achieved with 199±23min the 11th fastest running time behind athletes from Italy (177…

11035 Institute of General PracticeKenyaLong-distance runbiologyAthletesAltitudeMarathon runningPhysical Therapy Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation610 Medicine & healthbiology.organism_classificationEast AfricaRunning timeGeographyHumEast africaEducación Física y Deportiva3612 Physical Therapy Sports Therapy and Rehabilitationlcsh:Sports medicineSocioeconomicsLong-Distance runlcsh:RC1200-1245Mountain
researchProduct

The Effect of Course Length on Individual Medley Swimming Performance in National and International Athletes

2014

Abstract Effects of course length (25 m versus 50 m) and advances in performance of individual medley swimming were examined for men and women in Swiss national competitions and FINA World Championships during 2000-2011. Linear regression and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to analyse 200 m and 400 m race results for 26,081 swims on the Swiss high score list and 382 FINA finalists. Swiss and FINA swimmers of both sexes were, on average, 4.3±3.2% faster on short courses for both race distances. Sex-related differences in swim speed were significantly greater for FINA swimmers competing in short-course events than in long-course events (10.3±0.2% versus 9.7±0.3%, p<0.01), but did no…

11035 Institute of General PracticeOperations researchPhysical TherapyWORLD RECORDSPhysical Therapy Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation610 Medicine & healthSWIMMERSSports Therapy and Rehabilitationsex-related differenceLIMITS2737 Physiology (medical)temporal trendsPhysiology (medical)MedicineNational level3612 Physical Therapy Sports Therapy and Rehabilitationlcsh:Sports medicinepool lengthPHYSIOLOGYbiologyAthletesbusiness.industrySection III – Sports TrainingWOMENMENVELOCITYbiology.organism_classificationSwimming speedDISTANCEswim speed[ SCCO ] Cognitive sciencebusinesslcsh:RC1200-1245Demography
researchProduct