Search results for "attack"

Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) changes following local brain compression in the cat.

1968

Influence of the terminal complement-complex on reperfusion injury, no-reflow and arrhythmias: a comparison between C6-competent and C6-deficient rab…

1996

Objective: The complement system has been suggested to play a role in reperfusion injury which may result from an enhanced destruction of myocardial tissue or from an impairment of reflow. We investigated the influence of the C5b-9 complement complex on infarct size, reflow and arrhythmogenesis. Methods: Twenty-eight C6-competent rabbits and 18 rabbits with congenital C6 deficiency were subjected to either 30 min or 2 h of coronary artery occlusion followed by reperfusion. C6 deficiency was confirmed by the complement titration test and immunohistology. The triphenyl tetrazolium chloride method was used to delineate infarct size. Reflow into infarcted areas was evaluated histologically afte…

Glucose-induced loss of glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol-anchored membrane regulators of complement activation (CD59, CD55) by in vitro cultured human u…

2000

Aims/hypothesis. This study examines whether increased glucose concentrations are responsible for a decreased expression of membrane regulators of complement activation molecules. The effect of high glucose in determining an increase in membrane attack complex deposition on endothelial cells was also investigated. Methods. Endothelial cells were isolated from umbilical cord tissue, cultured in the presence of increased concentrations of glucose, and the expression of CD46, CD55, and CD59 was detected by ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) and by flow cytometry. Glucose-treated endothelial cells were also incubated with antiendothelial cell antibodies and fresh complement to assess the…

Antivitamin K Drugs in Stroke Prevention

2014

Among the different subtypes of ischaemic strokes, almost 20 % are of cardiac origin. Different are the causes of cardioembolic stroke, but the most common is the atrial fibrillation, a supraventricular arrhythmia. Appropriate use of antiplatelet drugs and anticoagulants after transient ischaemic attack (TIA) or ischaemic stroke depends on whether the underlying cause is cardioembolic or of presumed arterial origin. Adequate antiplatelet therapy is recommended for secondary prevention after cerebral ischaemia of presumed arterial origin, whether for patients with TIA and ischaemic stroke of cardiac origin, mainly due to atrial fibrillation. Vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) are highly effective …

Air pollution and stroke. A new modifiable risk factor is in the air

2019

Abstract Evidence from epidemiological studies has demonstrated that outdoor air pollution is now a well-known major problem of public health, mainly in low and middle income countries. Contrasting with myocardial infarction , there are few data on the association of air pollution and stroke. Methods We propose a narrative literature review of the effects and the underlying biological mechanisms of short- and long-term exposure to air pollutants on stroke risk and mortality, using the following key-words: stroke, cerebrovascular events, ischemic and haemorrhage stroke, transient ischaemic attack , mortality, air pollution and air pollutants. Results Twenty-one papers were selected. Air poll…

Skelettveränderungen bei Frühgeborenen mit Kupfermangel

1991

We describe 5 preterm infants (25th to 30th week of gestation) suffering from alimentary copper deficiency. The diagnosis was confirmed by low serum copper and caeruloplasmin concentrations. Characteristic clinical findings were repeated apnoeic attacks, hypopigmentation of skin and hair, anaemia, neutropenia and leucopenia refractory to other therapy, as well as increasing serum alkaline phosphatase activity in the first month of life. Starting in the 3rd to 12th week of life the radiographic findings were general skeletal osteoporosis and retardation, metaphyseal radiodense lines, irregular metaphyses, cupping and spurring of the metaphyses, followed by multiple fractures and subperiostea…

Safety and efficacy of endovascular treatment for carotid artery stenoses using proximal protection systems : 30-day follow-up

2017

Introduction. Although surgical endarterectomy remains the treatment of choice for carotid artery stenosis, carotid artery stenting (CAS) with use of proximal protection systems (PPS) plays an important role as alternative treatment modality, especially in high risk patients. This study was aimed at the assessment of safety of CAS with use of the PPS and also at identification of risk factors associated with this procedure. Material and methods. This was a post hoc analysis, with 30-day follow-up. We analysed results of treatment of 94 patients who underwent 97 CAS with PPS, 47 such procedures in asymptomatic, and 50 in symptomatic individuals. Results. There were 0 strokes during 30-day fo…

Revacept, an Inhibitor of Platelet Adhesion in Symptomatic Carotid Artery Stenosis: Design and Rationale of a Randomized Phase II Clinical Trial

2020

AbstractPatients with stroke or transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) and internal carotid artery stenosis harbor an increased risk of recurrent stroke especially within 2 weeks after the first event. In addition, the revascularization procedure itself (carotid endarterectomy [CEA] or carotid artery stenting [CAS]) is associated with both clinically apparent and silent brain infarctions, mainly caused by the embolic nature of the ruptured carotid plaque. The glycoprotein VI (GPVI) fusion protein Revacept is a highly specific antithrombotic drug without direct inhibition of systemic platelet function that might reduce periprocedural distal embolization from the vulnerable ruptured plaque located…

Cortical hypoactivity or reduced efficiency of cortical inhibition in migraine?. vol. 27, pp. 187-188.

2007

The soluble terminal complement complex (SC5b-9) up-regulates osteoprotegerin expression and release by endothelial cells: Implications in rheumatoid…

2009

Objective. Complement activation products contribute to a large number of inflammatory diseases, including RA. We have investigated whether osteoprotegerin (OPG) may concur with the soluble terminal complement complex (SC5b-9) to the inflammatory cascade characterizing RA. Methods. Levels of SC5b-9 and OPG in the plasma and SF of patients with active RA were determined by ELISA. The presence of SC5b-9 and OPG in RA synovial lesions was analysed by immunohistochemistry. Cultured endothelial cells were used for in vitro leucocyte/endothelial cell adhesion assays. In addition, endothelial cells were exposed to SC5b-9 in order to evaluate the effects on the production of OPG protein, as well as…