Search results for "attention"
showing 10 items of 934 documents
L'attention auditive: fonctions psychologiques et bases neurophysiologiques.
2006
Alexithymia as a Predictor of Arousal and Affect Dysregulations when Batterers with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Cope with Acute Stress
2020
Empirical research has stated that Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) might underlie intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) perpetration. Even though there is a clear relationship between these two variables, it is still unknown how ADHD facilitates violence proneness. In this regard, psychophysiological variables such as skin conductance levels (SCL) might offer information about emotional regulation when individuals cope with stress. Furthermore, alexithymia traits might be a strong candidate in explaining the above-mentioned emotional dysregulations. Hence, we compared the SCL response to acute cognitive stress in IPVAW perpetrators with and without ADHD symptoms to…
Influence of the symptoms of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and comorbid disorders on functioning in adulthood
2014
Antecedentes: el TDAH es un trastorno crónico que afecta la adaptación sociopersonal. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron comprobar el funcionamiento adaptativo de adultos con TDAH en comparación a adultos sin el trastorno y analizar la influencia de la inatención e hiperactividad/impulsividad y de los trastornos comórbidos en este funcionamiento. Método: la muestra incluyó 77 adultos entre 17 y 24 años, 40 con un diagnóstico de TDAH subtipo combinado y 37 controles que cumplimentaron el Weiss Functional Impairment Scale, el Weiss Symptom Record y el Conners' Adult ADHD Rating Scale. Resultados: se encontraron diferencias significativas entre adultos con y sin TDAH en el funcionamiento fam…
Neuromagnetic studies of attention in children and youth: Role of exercise and impact on cognitive competence
2023
Tarkkaavuus on monella tavoin yhteydessä elimistömme sisäisiin ja ulkoisiin tekijöihin aivojen kehityksen aikana, jolloin aivot muovautuvat voimakkaasti. Tässä väitöskirjassa tutkitaan tarkkaavuutta kahdesta eri näkökulmasta: millä tavoin oma toimintamme vaikuttaa tarkkaavuuteen ja toisaalta miten tarkkaavuus moduloi muita kognitiivisia toimintoja. Tarkemmin sanottuna väitöskirjassa tutkitaan fyysisen aktiivisuuden ja aerobisen kunnon yhteyksiä ennakoivan tarkkaavuuden ja modaliteettien välisen tarkkaavuuden suuntaamisen aivoperustaan 13-17-vuotiailla nuorilla. Lisäksi väitöskirjassa tutkitaan millä tavoin tarkkaavuus vaikuttaa puheäänteiden ja ei-kielellisten äänteiden käsittelyyn aivoissa…
The neurolinguistics of the US/THEM structure in aphasia
2015
The aim of the paper was to show the importance of distinction between US and THEM which is disrupted in the patients with aphasia and leads to social isolation. It should be stressed that the distinction between US and THEM is deeply rooted in couture and language. It has great social and psychological significance since foreigners – speaking imperfect language are as a rule excluded from the society. Hence, aphasic persons tend also to be excluded and they become an object of pity. Neurolinguistic aspects of aphasia are also discussed. It is stressed that the structure of person and number constitute essential conditions (along with time) for the proper use of verbs. After presenting diff…
Memory degradation induced by attention in recurrent neural architectures
2022
This paper studies the memory mechanisms in recurrent neural architectures when attention models are included. Pure-attention models like Transformers are more and more popular as they tend to outperform models with recurrent connections in many different tasks. Our conjecture is that attention prevents the recurrent connections from transferring information properly between consecutive next steps. This conjecture is empirically tested using five different models, namely, a model without attention, a standard Loung attention model, a standard Bahdanau attention model, and our proposal to add attention to the inputs in order to fill the gap between recurrent and parallel architectures (for b…
Quantifying attentional demand of a lane-keeping task as the minimum required information in predictive processing
2021
Auditory P3a response to native and foreign speech in children with or without attentional deficit
2023
The aim of this study was to investigate the attentional mechanism in speech processing of native and foreign language in children with and without attentional deficit. For this purpose, the P3a component, cognitive neuromarker of the attentional processes, was investigated in a two-sequence two-deviant oddball paradigm using Finnish and English speech items via event-related potentials (ERP) technique. The difference waves reflected the temporal brain dynamics of the P3a response in native and foreign language contexts. Cluster-based permutation tests evaluated the group differences over the P3a time window. A correlation analysis was conducted between the P3a response and the attention sc…
Attentional Processes in Children With Attentional Problems or Reading Difficulties as Revealed Using Brain Event-Related Potentials and Their Source…
2020
Visual attention-related processes include three functional sub-processes: alerting, orienting, and inhibition. We examined these sub-processes using reaction times, event-related potentials (ERPs), and their neuronal source activations during the Attention Network Test (ANT) in control children, attentional problems (AP) children, and reading difficulties (RD) children. During the ANT, electroencephalography was measured using 128 electrodes on three groups of Finnish sixth-graders aged 12–13 years (control = 77; AP = 15; RD = 23). Participants were asked to detect the direction of a middle target fish within a group of five fish. The target stimulus was either preceded by a cue (center, d…
The two-factor structure of cognitive flexibility : tempo of switching and overcoming of prepotent responses
2023
Prezentowane badanie miało na celu odkrycie struktury procesów latentnych leżących u podstaw wykonania kilku zadań, które hipotetycznie mierzą spontaniczną i adaptacyjną giętkość poznawczą, dostarczając dowodów na ich trafność zbieżną. Grupa zdrowych ochotników (N = 121) ukończyła dwa zestawy zadań do oceny spontanicznej i adaptacyjnej giętkości poznawczej. Spontaniczna giętkość poznawcza obejmowała test myślenia dywergencyjnego (do oceny płynności i giętkości myślenia) oraz werbalny test płynności. Miary giętkości adaptacyjnej obejmowały test przełączania się między zadaniami jako miarę kosztów przełączania oraz test przerzucania uwagi jako miarę wyuczonej nieistotności i perseweracji. Nat…