Search results for "attenuation"

showing 10 items of 283 documents

Subwavelength sound screening by coupling space-coiled Fabry-Perot resonators

2017

We explore broadband and omnidirectional low frequency sound screening based on locally resonant acoustic metamaterials. We show that the coupling of different resonant modes supported by Fabry-Perot cavities can efficiently generate asymmetric lineshapes in the transmission spectrum, leading to a broadband sound opacity. The Fabry-Perot cavities are space-coiled in order to shift the resonant modes under the diffraction edge, which guaranty the opacity band for all incident angles. Indeed, the deep subwavelength feature of the cavities leads to avoid diffraction that have been proved to be the main limitation of omnidirectional capabilities of locally resonant perforated plates. We experim…

PhysicsDiffractionOpacitybusiness.industryAttenuationGeneral Physics and AstronomyMetamaterialPhysics::OpticsFOS: Physical sciencesPhysics - Applied Physics02 engineering and technologyAcoustic waveApplied Physics (physics.app-ph)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesResonatorWavelengthOptics0103 physical sciences010306 general physics0210 nano-technologybusinessFabry–Pérot interferometer
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Neutrino tomography of the Earth

2018

Cosmic-ray interactions with the nuclei of the Earth's atmosphere produce a flux of neutrinos in all directions with energies extending above the TeV scale. However, the Earth is not a fully transparent medium for neutrinos with energies above a few TeV. At these energies, the charged-current neutrino-nucleon cross section is large enough so that the neutrino mean-free path in a medium with the Earth's density is comparable to the Earth's diameter. Therefore, when neutrinos of these energies cross the Earth, there is a non-negligible probability for them to be absorbed. Since this effect depends on the distance traveled by neutrinos and on their energy, studying the zenith and energy distri…

PhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)Physics::Instrumentation and DetectorsAttenuationAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaAstronomyFOS: Physical sciences7. Clean energyPhysics::GeophysicsGravitationHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)13. Climate actionEarth (chemistry)High Energy Physics::ExperimentTomographyAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsNeutrinoAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
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A Method to Measure the Characteristics of Biological Materials at Millimeter Waves

1976

A new method of biological sample characterization at millimeter waves has been studied to verify and extend Webb's experimental results. This method, based on interferometric measurements, is suitable to obtain an absorption spectrum of a living bacterial sediment with a high sensitivity. It has been applied in the frequency range 66-73 GHz. Some experimental results are reported.

PhysicsInterferometryOpticsAbsorption spectroscopybusiness.industryAttenuationAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsMeasure (physics)Range (statistics)MillimeterSensitivity (control systems)businessCharacterization (materials science)6th European Microwave Conference, 1976
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Attenuation of the fourth sound in liquid helium II via extended thermodynamics

2004

Abstract This work continues a study begun in previous works, where a non-standard model of liquid helium II is proposed, in which a small entropy transfer is associated with the superfluid component. In this work the influence of this superfluid entropy on the propagation of the fourth sound is analyzed. From experimental data for velocities and attenuations of the first and second sound, the model provides speed and attenuation coefficient of the fourth sound in a porous medium as a function of the ratio ss/s between the superfluid entropy ss and the total entropy s. These values are determined in the two limiting cases ss/s=0 and =0.02, for various values of temperature and pressure.

PhysicsLiquid heliumApplied MathematicsMechanical EngineeringAttenuationNon-equilibrium thermodynamicsThermodynamicslaw.inventionSuperfluidityEntropy (classical thermodynamics)Mechanics of MaterialslawAttenuation coefficientSecond soundPorous mediumInternational Journal of Non-Linear Mechanics
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Monte Carlo calculation of dose rate distributions around 192Ir wires.

1997

Monte Carlo calculations of absolute dose rate in liquid water are presented in the form of away-along tables for 1 and 5 cm 192 Ir wires of 0.3 mm diameter. Simulated absolute dose rate values can be used as benchmark data to verify the calculation results of treatment planning systems or directly as input data for treatment planning. Best fit value of attenuation coefficient suitable for use in Sievert-integrals-type calculations has been derived based on Monte Carlo calculation results. For the treatment planning systems that are based on TG43 formalism we have also calculated the required dosimetry parameters.

PhysicsLiquid waterRadiotherapy Planning Computer-AssistedMonte Carlo methodBrachytherapyBiophysicsRadiotherapy DosageGeneral MedicineReference StandardsIridium RadioisotopesBiophysical PhenomenaComputational physicsEvaluation Studies as TopicAttenuation coefficientNeoplasmsDynamic Monte Carlo methodDosimetryHumansComputer SimulationStatistical physicsBenchmark dataDose rateMonte Carlo MethodMedical physics
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Shears Mechanism in theA∼110Region

1999

Lifetimes of states in a rotational-like $M1$ band in ${}^{110}\mathrm{Cd}$ have been determined through a Doppler-shift attenuation method measurement performed with the Gammasphere array. The deduced $B(M1)$ values, which agree well with the predictions of the tilted axis cranking model, clearly confirm that it has the character of a shears band. Using a semiclassical scheme of the coupling of two long $j$ vectors we deduce information on the strength and form of the effective interaction between the constituent nucleons. These results are the first definitive evidence of the shears mechanism and ``magnetic rotation'' in this mass region.

PhysicsMagnetic momentAttenuationNuclear structureGeneral Physics and AstronomySemiclassical physicsGammasphereAtomic physicsRotationCoupling (probability)NucleonPhysical Review Letters
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Highly deformed band inAg105

1995

The isotope Ag-105 has been studied using 169.5 MeV Cl-37 ions impinging on Ge-76. The Nordball Ge array detected the gamma rays and a 4 pi charged particle detector system detected emitted light charged particles. A very deformed band has been established using Doppler shift attenuation methods. The analysis is based on the gamma gamma coincidences and the angular dependence of the four rings of Ge detectors in Nordball. The deformation of the band is deduced to be beta(2)=0.37(-0.02)(+0.03).

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsIsotopeAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaAttenuationDetectorGamma rayCharged particleIonsymbols.namesakeBeta (plasma physics)symbolsHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentAtomic physicsDoppler effectPhysical Review C
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Development of a Temperature Distributed Monitoring System Based On Raman Scattering in Harsh Environment

2014

Raman Distributed Temperature Sensors (RDTSs) offer exceptional advantages to monitor the envisioned French deep geological repository for nuclear wastes, called Cigeo. Both $\gamma $ -ray and hydrogen release from nuclear wastes can strongly affect the temperature measurements made with RDTS. We present experimental studies on how the performances of RDTS evolve in harsh environments like those associated with $\gamma $ -rays or combined radiations and ${{\rm H}_2}$ release. The response of two standard and one radiation tolerant multimode fibers (MMFs) are investigated. In all fibers the differential induced attenuation between Stokes and anti-Stokes signal, ${({{\alpha _{\rm AS}} - {\alp…

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsMulti-mode optical fiberHydrogenbusiness.industryAttenuationchemistry.chemical_elementRadiationTemperature measurementsymbols.namesake[SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics]OpticsNuclear Energy and EngineeringchemistrysymbolsFiber optics Raman scattering temperature sensor radiationIrradiationElectrical and Electronic EngineeringAtomic physicsRaman spectroscopybusinessRaman scattering
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Lifetimes in the ground-state band and the structure of 118Te

2002

Lifetimes of excited states in 118Te have been measured using the Doppler Shift Attenuation (DSA) and Recoil Distance (RD) methods in the 109Ag(13C, p3n) reaction at a beam energy of 54 MeV. Lifetime values of the ground-state band levels with spins I π = 2+-16+ have been obtained. The excitation energies and B(E2) values are interpreted in the framework of a version of IBFM ( IBM + 2qp) with the maximum boson number exceeding its standard value. A satisfactory agreement with experimental level scheme and B(E2) values for the ground-state band is achieved.

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsRecoilSpinsExcited stateAttenuationHadronAtomic physicsGround stateExcitationBosonThe European Physical Journal A
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Pronounced shape change induced by quasiparticle alignment

2000

Mean lifetimes of high-spin states of Kr-74 have been determined using the Doppler-shift attenuation method. The high-spin states were studied using the Ca-40(Ca-40, alpha 2p) reaction at a beam energy of 160 MeV with the GASP gamma-ray spectrometer. The ground-state band and negative parity side band show the presence of three different configurations in terms of transitional quadrupole deformations. A dramatic shape change was found along the ground-state band after the S-band crossing. The deduced quadrupole deformation changes are well reproduced by cranked Woods-Saxon Strutinsky calculations.

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsShape changeSpectrometerIsotopeAttenuationNuclear TheoryKryptonFísicachemistry.chemical_elementParity (physics)chemistryQuadrupoleQuasiparticleAtomic physicsPhysical Review C
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