Search results for "auditor"
showing 10 items of 737 documents
Alteration of the Calcium Content in Inner Hair Cells of the Cochlea of the Guinea Pig after Acute Noise Trauma with and without Application of the O…
1999
Calcium ions are known to be important to the process of signal transduction across the apical and basal sides of the inner hair cells. Calcium channel antagonists have been demonstrated by light microscopy to provide protection against acoustic trauma. To evaluate the protective effect of calcium channel blocker on the inner ear cells to noise exposure, the amount of the histochemical reaction products formed in the cytoplasm of the inner hair cells of the guinea pig after application of pyroantimonate was measured by an image processing system connected to an energy-filtering transmission electron microscope (EFTEM). Compared to untreated control specimens (experimental animal group I) th…
Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation over the right hemisphere improves auditory comprehension in a case of dementia.
2017
Background Noninvasive transcranial stimulation methods have been increasingly employed in order to improve cognitive performance in neurological patients. In previous studies with both stroke patients and healthy subjects, noninvasive stimulation of temporal-parietal regions and their homologue produced an improvement in linguistic tasks. Objective The aim of the current study was to evaluate if anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over Brodmann areas 39/40 (angular and supramarginal gyri) could promote the recovery of linguistic functions, in particular comprehension and naming, in a single patient affected by dementia. Methods Three preliminary explorative single session…
The Orienting Response in Healthy Aging: Novelty P3 Indicates No General Decline but Reduced Efficacy for Fast Stimulation Rates
2017
Automatic orienting to unexpected changes in the environment is a pre-requisite for adaptive behavior. One prominent mechanism of automatic attentional control is the Orienting Response (OR). Despite the fundamental significance of the OR in everyday life, only little is known about how the OR is affected by healthy aging. We tested this question in two age groups (19–38 years and 55–72 years) and measured skin-conductance responses (SCRs) and event-related brain potentials (ERPs) to novels (i.e., short environmental sounds presented only once in the experiment; 10% of the trials) compared to standard sounds (600 Hz sinusoidal tones with 200 ms duration; 90% of the trials). Novel and standa…
A Unified Theory of Psychophysical Laws in Auditory Intensity Perception.
2020
Psychophysical laws quantitatively relate perceptual magnitude to stimulus intensity. While most people have accepted Stevens's power function as the psychophysical law, few believe in Fechner's original idea using just-noticeable-differences (jnd) as a constant perceptual unit to educe psychophysical laws. Here I present a unified theory in hearing, starting with a general form of Zwislocki's loudness function (1965) to derive a general form of Brentano's law. I will arrive at a general form of the loudness-jnd relationship that unifies previous loudness-jnd theories. Specifically, the "slope," "proportional-jnd," and "equal-loudness, equal-jnd" theories, are three additive terms in the ne…
Sievietes reprezentācija žurnālu Santa un Lilit galvenajās intervijās laika posmā no 2016. – 2020. gadam
2021
Bakalaura darba tēma ir “Sievietes reprezentācija žurnālu Santa un Lilit galvenajās intervijās laika posmā no 2016. – 2020. gadam.” Darbā tiek pētīts, pēc kādiem kritērijiem žurnālu galvenās redaktores ik mēnesi izvēlas aicināt uz interviju sievietes, kā arī noskaidrot kāds ir intervijās sniegtais sievietes tēla atspoguļojums. Šis pētījums ļaus dziļāk izprast sievietes tēlu sieviešu auditorijai paredzētajos žurnālos, kā arī ļaus spriest par izdarītajām izvēlēm, to pamatojumiem, kuras veic žurnālu galvenās redaktores. Darba teorētiskajā daļā tiek apskatīta dzimtes un dzimuma teorija, reprezentācijas teorija, auditorijas jēdziens, žurnāls kā masu medijs jēdzienu. Datu ieguvei pielietota gan k…
Sociālā tīkla "Instagram.com" lietojums un auditorijas vajadzības Latvijā
2015
Bakalaura darba tēma ir − Sociālā tīkla "Instagram.com" lietojums un auditorijas vajadzības Latvijā. Pētījuma problēma − Instagram.com ir viens no šobrīd populārākajiem sociālajiem tīkliem pasaulē un spilgts pieaugošās mobilās kultūras piemērs, tāpēc ir būtiski noskaidrot, pēc kā tiecas tā Latvijas lietotājs. Darba mērķis ir izpētīt sociālā tīkla Instagram.com Latvijas lietotāju paradumus un noskaidrot, kādas auditorijas vajadzības tas apmierina. Bakalaura darba galvenā teorētiskā pieeja ir mediju lietojuma un vajadzību apmierināšanas teorija. Pētījuma metodes – kvalitatīvā kontentanalīze un daļēji strukturētā intervija. Pētījuma rezultātā secināts, ka sociālais tīkls Instagram.com apmierin…
Consequences of Justifications of Assessments in French Expanded Audit Reports
2018
Since 2003, French auditors must disclose justifications of assessments (JOAs) in expanded audit reports. Like critical audit matters recently introduced in the US and key audit matters introduced by international standard setters, the purpose of JOAs is to enhance the informative value of audit reports. Based on French audit reports issued from 2002 to 2011, we analyze the impact of first-time implementation of JOAs, and the impact of new JOAs in subsequent years, on investors (measured by abnormal returns and abnormal trading volume) and on the audit (measured by audit report lag, abnormal accruals, and audit fees). For both first-time implementation of JOAs and new JOAs in subsequent yea…
Hippocampal event-related potentials to pitch deviances in an auditory oddball situation in the cat: experiment I.
1995
Hippocampal event-related potentials (ERP) in the areas CA1, CA3, and dentate fascia (Df) were recorded in cats during an oddball situation when pitch deviant tones occurred in a series of standard tones. When difference waves were calculated by subtracting ERPs to the standard tones from those to the deviant tones, no clear N40d, corresponding to a cat analogue of the human mismatch negativity (MMN) observed in earlier studies, could be detected. Instead, a prominent later negativity (N130d) was observed. A possible extra-hippocampal source of the process reflected by the MMN-like negativity, and a relation between an orienting response (OR) and the N130d are discussed.
All Eyes on Me : Behaving as Soloist in Duo Performances Leads to Increased Body Movements and Attracts Observers’ Visual Attention
2020
Duo musicians exhibit a broad variety of bodily gestures, but it is unclear how soloists’ and accompanists’ movements differ and to what extent they attract observers’ visual attention. In Experiment 1, seven musical duos’ body movements were tracked while they performed two pieces in two different conditions. In a congruent condition, soloist and accompanist behaved according to their expected musical roles; in an incongruent condition, the soloist behaved as accompanist and vice versa. Results revealed that behaving as soloist, regardless of the condition, led to more, smoother, and faster head and shoulder movements over a larger area than behaving as accompanist. Moreover, accompanists …
Communicating through ancillary gestures: Exploring effects on coperformers and audiences
2020
Musicians make elaborate movements while performing, often using gestures that might seem extraneous. To explore these movements, we motion-captured and audio-recorded different pairings of clarinetists and pianists performing Brahms’ Clarinet Sonata No. 1 with two manipulations: (a) allowing the performers full vs. no visual feedback, and (b) allowing the performers full vs. partial auditory feedback (i.e., the clarinetist could not hear the pianist). We found that observer ratings of audio–visual point-light renditions discriminated between manipulations and refined this insight through subsequent audio-alone and visual-alone experiments, providing an understanding of each modality’s cont…