Search results for "autoantibodie"
showing 10 items of 294 documents
Prospective Trial of Functional Thyrotropin Receptor Antibodies in Graves Disease
2019
Abstract Context Scarce data exist regarding the relevance of stimulatory (TSAb) and blocking (TBAb) thyrotropin receptor antibodies in the management of Graves disease (GD). Objective To evaluate the clinical utility and predictive value of TSAb/TBAb. Design Prospective 2-year trial. Setting Academic tertiary referral center. Patients One hundred consecutive, untreated, hyperthyroid GD patients. Methods TSAb was reported as percentage of specimen-to-reference ratio (SRR) (cutoff SRR < 140%). Blocking activity was defined as percent inhibition of luciferase expression relative to induction with bovine thyrotropin (TSH, thyroid stimulating hormone) alone (cutoff > 40% inhibitio…
Prevalence and clinical relevance of thyroid stimulating hormone receptor-blocking antibodies in autoimmune thyroid disease
2017
Summary The prevalence and clinical relevance of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor (TSHR) blocking antibodies (TBAb) in patients with autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) was investigated. Serum TBAb were measured with a reporter gene bioassay using Chinese hamster ovary cells. Blocking activity was defined as percentage inhibition of luciferase expression relative to induction with bovine TSH alone (cut-off 40% inhibition). All samples were measured for TSHR stimulatory antibody (TSAb) and TSHR binding inhibiting immunoglobulins (TBII). A total of 1079 unselected, consecutive patients with AITD and 302 healthy controls were included. All unselected controls were negative for TBAb and…
Prospective study on thyroid autoimmunity and dysfunction related to chronic hepatitis C and interferon therapy.
1997
This study was designed to assess patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) for the presence of thyroid autoimmunity and dysfunction, to evaluate the risk of thyroid disorders associated with interferon (IFN) therapy, and to survey the outcome of possible treatment-related thyroid injury. Out of 104 consecutive untreated patients (30 women and 74 men; mean age, 52.7 years), 8 (7.7%) were found seropositive for thyroid autoantibodies (ThyAb), whereas seropositivity in healthy controls was 1/98 (1.3%). The relative increase in risk of developing thyroid autoimmunity associated with CHC was 760% (95% Cl, 220–1300%). No patients had abnormalities of thyroid function tests, but on IFN treatment, 3…
Graves' Autoantibodies Exhibit Different Stimulating Activities in Cultures of Thyrocytes and Orbital Fibroblasts Not Reflected by Clinical Assays
2021
Background: The pathogenesis of Graves' hyperthyroidism (GH) and associated Graves' orbitopathy (GO) appears to involve stimulatory autoantibodies (thyrotropin receptor [TSHR]-stimulating antibodies [TSAbs]) that bind to and activate TSHRs on thyrocytes and orbital fibroblasts. In general, measurement of circulating TSHR antibodies by clinical assays correlates with the status of GH and GO. However, most clinical measurements of TSHR antibodies use competitive binding assays that do not distinguish between TSAbs and antibodies that bind to but do not activate TSHRs. Moreover, clinical assays for TSAbs measure stimulation of only one signaling pathway, the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAM…
Relationship of eye muscle antibodies with HLA phenotypes and thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins in endocrine orbitopathy.
1991
The relationship between endocrine orbitopathy and Graves' hyperthyroidism is still not clairified. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the incidence of eye muscle antibodies and the relationship with HLA phenotypes and thyroid antibodies in 65 patients with endocrine orbitopathy classes 1–5. Both bovine and abdominal muscles were used as antigens in ELISA systems in which IgG and IgM antibodies were assayed. Before starting the immunosuppressant therapy, 46/65 patients (71%) showed a positive result for eye muscle antibodies. Those patients with an active disease had such antibodies more frequently. Where the ophthalmopathy was of recent onset IgM antibodies were found, whereas pati…
Diagnostic accuracy of a fully automated multiplex celiac disease antibody panel for serum and plasma.
2019
Abstract Background An automated multiplex platform using capillary blood can promote greater throughput and more comprehensive studies in celiac disease (CD). Diagnostic accuracy should be improved using likelihood ratios for the post-test probability of ruling-in disease. Methods The Ig_plex™ Celiac Disease Panel on the sqidlite™ automated platform measured IgA and IgG antibodies to tTG and DGP in n = 224 CD serum or plasma samples. Diagnostic accuracy metrics were applied to the combined multiplex test results for several CD populations and compared to conventional single antibody ELISA tests. Results With multiple positive antibody results, the post-test probability for ruling-in untrea…
Glycosaminoglycan Antibodies in Endocrine Ophthalmopathy
1993
An increased accumulation of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) in the orbita has been reported in endocrine ophthalmopathy (EO). In this study we investigated whether antibodies directed against GAG are present in the sera of 52 EO patients and 47 healthy controls. Three out of 52 patients exhibited low titers of antinuclear antibodies and all patients were negative for antibodies against extractable nuclear antigens. Isotype IgG antibodies were detected by means of an ELISA using hyaluronic acid and dermatan sulfate as antigens. Values were expressed as optical density at 405 nm. In comparison to the control group (0.445, 0.364, 0.588; median, 25th, 75th percentile) significantly (p < 0.001) higher…
Efficacy and safety of omalizumab in patients with chronic urticaria who exhibit IgE against thyroperoxidase
2011
Background A subgroup of patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria (CU) exhibits IgE antibodies directed against autoantigens, such as thyroperoxidase (TPO). We conducted this study to investigate whether such patients with CU with IgE against TPO benefit from treatment with omalizumab, a humanized anti-IgE mAb licensed for the treatment of severe persistent allergic (IgE-mediated) asthma. Objectives We sought to assess the efficacy of omalizumab treatment in patients with CU with IgE autoantibodies against TPO. Methods In this multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study patients with CU (male/female, 18-70 years of age) with IgE autoantibodies against TPO who had pers…
Relapse Rate in Survivors of Acute Autoimmune Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura Treated with or without Rituximab.
2018
Background Autoimmune thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (iTTP) is caused by autoantibody-mediated severe a disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin type 1 repeats, member 13 (ADAMTS13) deficiency leading to micro-angiopathic haemolytic anaemia (MAHA) and thrombocytopenia with organ damage. Patients survive with plasma exchange (PEX), fresh frozen plasma replacement and corticosteroid treatment. Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab is increasingly used in patients resistant to conventional PEX or relapsing after an acute bout. Objective This retrospective observational study focused on the relapse rate and possible influencing factors including treatment with rituximab first…
The influence of high dose intravenous immunoglobulins on immunological and metabolic pattern in newly diagnosed type I diabetic patients
1990
In autoimmune disease the functional deficiency of T suppressor cells, also described in Type I diabetes, may be restored through immunoglobulin (Ig) infusion, which increases antigen phagocytosis, NK activity, cell clones and antibody anti-idiotype responses. Sixteen Type I diabetic patients were studied: eight were treated soon after the initial correction of disease-onset glycemic deterioration with intensive intravenous (i.v.) 7S Ig treatment (0.4 g/kg/BW) for 1 week and once per week for 6 months, whilst the remaining patients constituted the control group. All patients were evaluated during the study for metabolic and immunological parameters. A reduction in insulin requirement compar…