Search results for "autoantigen"
showing 10 items of 123 documents
Devil in disguise : does drinking lead to a disability pension?
2016
Abstract Objectives To examine whether alcohol consumption in adulthood is related to the incidence of receiving a disability pension later in life. Methods Twin data for Finnish men and women born before 1958 were matched to register-based individual information on disability pensions. Twin differences were used to eliminate both shared environmental and genetic factors. The quantity of alcohol consumption was measured as the weekly average consumption using self-reported data from three surveys (1975, 1981 and 1990). The disability pension data were evaluated from 1990–2004. Results The models that account for shared environmental and genetic factors reveal that heavy drinkers are signifi…
Autoantibodies to human asialoglycoprotein receptor in autoimmune-type chronic hepatitis.
1990
Autoantibodies to the human asialoglycoprotein receptor (anti-h-ASGPR) were studied with a solid-phase ELISA in the sera of 421 patients with inflammatory liver diseases, 288 patients with various other disorders and 31 controls. Anti-h-ASGPR were found predominantly in autoimmune chronic active hepatitis (44 of 88, 50%) and were closely related to inflammatory activity. In a subpopulation of these patients with untreated, biopsy-proven active disease or relapse, 15 of 17 were positive (88%). In contrast, only 11 of 204 patients (5.3%) with viral hepatitis were anti-h-ASGPR receptors-positive (chi 2 analysis; p less than 0.001). We also compared the occurrence of anti-h-ASGPR with antibodie…
Characterisation of a new subgroup of autoimmune chronic active hepatitis by autoantibodies against a soluble liver antigen.
1987
Autoantibodies against a soluble liver antigen (SLA) were detected in 23 patients with HBsAg-negative chronic active hepatitis (CAH) but not in 502 patients with various other hepatic and non-hepatic disorders or 165 healthy blood donors. Anti-SLA-positive serum samples were negative for antinuclear and liver-kidney-microsomal antibodies, markers of two subgroups of autoimmune-type CAH, 6 anti-SLA-positive patients were negative for all autoantibodies sought. Most of the anti-SLA-positive patients were young women (2 men, 21 women; mean age 37 years) with hypergammaglobulinaemia (mean 3.2 g/l, range 1.8-5.3 g/l); 18 of the 23 patients had received immunosuppressive treatment and all respond…
Antibodies to soluble liver antigen/liver pancreas and HLA risk factors for type 1 autoimmune hepatitis.
2002
Antibodies to soluble liver antigen/liver-pancreas are highly specific markers of type 1 autoimmune hepatitis that have been associated with relapse. Our aim was to determine if these antibodies are reflective of a genetic predisposition for recrudescent disease.One hundred forty-four white North American patients were evaluated by an enzyme immunoassay and by Western blot using recombinant soluble liver antigen/liver-pancreas; 122 were assessed for class II human leukocyte antigens (HLAs).Twenty-two patients (15%) had antibodies to soluble liver antigen/liver-pancreas. These patients were indistinguishable from seronegative patients by clinical, laboratory, and histological features at pre…
Clinical significance of autoantibodies to soluble liver antigen in autoimmune hepatitis.
1999
Abstract Background/Aims: Classification of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) into different subgroups according to autoantibody status has been proposed: type I (ANA/SMA), type II (LKM-1) and type III (anti-SLA). However, whether type III AIH forms a clinically distinct disease entity remains controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the subclassification of AIH into ANA/SMA and anti-SLA positive patients with regard to clinical, biochemical and histologic differences. Methods: Ninety-seven consecutive patients with a well-documented long-term course of AIH with ANA/SMA and/or anti-SLA autoantibodies were studied. Clinical, biochemical and histological features of patients with ANA/SMA…
Analysis of Autoantibodies Against Human Retinal Antigens in Sera of Patients with Glaucoma and Ocular Hypertension
2008
The aim of this study was to show that complex antibody patterns against retinal antigens in sera of patients with glaucoma, found in previous studies, are autoantibodies against human antigens.Sera of 179 patients were collected at the Department of Ophthalmology (University of Mainz, Germany): non-glaucomatous control patients (n=45), primary open-angle glaucoma (n=45), ocular hypertension (n=44), and normal tension glaucoma patients (n=45). The sera were tested against Western blots of human retinal antigens. IgG antibody patterns were analyzed by multivariate statistical techniques, and some significant antigens were identified by mass spectrometry.All subjects, even healthy ones, showe…
The human hepatic asialoglycoprotein receptor is a target antigen for liver-infiltrating T cells in autoimmune chronic active hepatitis and primary b…
1990
Autoantibodies to the human hepatic asialoglycoprotein receptor have been found in nearly 50% of the sera of patients with autoimmune chronic active hepatitis and in 15% of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. In this study we demonstrate that the human hepatic asialoglycoprotein receptor is also a target antigen for T cell-mediated immune responses. Peripheral blood lymphocytes of 37% (7 of 19) of patients with autoimmune chronic active hepatitis and 33% (2 of 6) of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis showed a proliferative response to highly purified human hepatic asialoglycoprotein receptor, whereas no proliferation was found with peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients with chr…
Deficiency of the autoimmune regulator AIRE in thymomas is insufficient to elicit autoimmune polyendocrinopathy syndrome type 1 (APS‐1)
2007
Thymomas are thymic epithelial neoplasms, associated with a variety of autoimmune disorders (especially myasthenia gravis), that apparently result from aberrant intra-tumourous thymopoiesis and export of inefficiently tolerized T-cells to the periphery. The autoimmune regulator (AIRE) drives the expression of self-antigens in the thymic medulla and plays an essential role in ‘central’ tolerance in both humans and mice. However, while inactivating AIRE mutations result in the ‘autoimmune polyendocrinopathy syndrome type 1’ (APS-1), its major features are not well reproduced in AIRE-knock-out mice. Therefore, alternative human disease scenarios with concomitant AIRE deficiency may be valuable…
Congenital goitrous primary hypothyroidism in two German families caused by novel thyroid peroxidase (TPO) gene mutations.
2013
Congenital hypothyroidism occurs with a prevalence of approximately 1:3 500. Defects in thyroid hormone synthesis which lead to goitrous hypothyroidism account for 10-15% of these cases. Several genetic defects have been characterized and mutations in the thyroid peroxidase (TPO) gene are the most common cause for dyshormonogenesis.So far, more than 80 mutations in the TPO gene have been described, resulting in a variable decrease in TPO bioactivity. Clinically TPO defects manifest with congenital primary goitrous hypothyroidism.We here present 2 children with congenital primary hypothyroidism, who were identified to have compound heterozygous TPO mutations. They both shared the same novel …
Efficacy and safety of omalizumab in patients with chronic urticaria who exhibit IgE against thyroperoxidase
2011
Background A subgroup of patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria (CU) exhibits IgE antibodies directed against autoantigens, such as thyroperoxidase (TPO). We conducted this study to investigate whether such patients with CU with IgE against TPO benefit from treatment with omalizumab, a humanized anti-IgE mAb licensed for the treatment of severe persistent allergic (IgE-mediated) asthma. Objectives We sought to assess the efficacy of omalizumab treatment in patients with CU with IgE autoantibodies against TPO. Methods In this multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study patients with CU (male/female, 18-70 years of age) with IgE autoantibodies against TPO who had pers…