Search results for "autoilijat"

Inattention and Uncertainty in the Predictive Brain

2021

Negative effects of inattention on task performance can be seen in many contexts of society and human behavior, such as traffic, work, and sports. In traffic, inattention is one of the most frequently cited causal factors in accidents. In order to identify inattention and mitigate its negative effects, there is a need for quantifying attentional demands of dynamic tasks, with a credible basis in cognitive modeling and neuroscience. Recent developments in cognitive science have led to theories of cognition suggesting that brains are an advanced prediction engine. The function of this prediction engine is to support perception and action by continuously matching incoming sensory input with to…

On the Difference Between Necessary and Unnecessary Glances Away From the Forward Roadway : An Occlusion Study on the Motorway

2019

Objective The present study strove to distinguish traffic-related glances away from the forward roadway from non-traffic-related glances while assessing the minimum amount of visual information intake necessary for safe driving in particular scenarios. Background Published gaze-based distraction detection algorithms and guidelines for distraction prevention essentially measure the time spent looking away from the forward roadway, without incorporating situation-based attentional requirements. Incorporating situation-based attentional requirements would entail an approach that not only considers the time spent looking elsewhere but also checks whether all necessary information has been sampl…

Naturalistic study on the usage of smartphone applications among Finnish drivers

2018

We present results from a naturalistic study that tracked how Finnish drivers use their smartphones while on the move. We monitored 30 heavy in-car smartphone users in Finland during June–September 2016, recording the times that they used their phones, the application used at the time of touch (calls excluded), the location and driving speed. Touches per time unit were used as a proxy for estimating visual-manual distraction due to visual-manual tasks. Our data set allows the determining of whether drivers use their phones differently on varying road types (highway, main road, local rural road, urban road). We found that the road type has an effect on phone use but the effect is contrary to…

Mining road traffic accidents

2009

Quantifying attentional demand of a lane-keeping task as the minimum required information in predictive processing

2021

Suomalaiset ADHD-diagnoosin saaneet miehet autoilijoina

2008

Iäkäs autoilija : autoilusta luopumiseen yhteydessä olevia terveydellisiä tekijöitä

2000

Refining distraction potential testing guidelines by considering differences in glancing behavior

2021

Driver distraction is a recognized cause of traffic accidents. Although the well-known guidelines for measuring distraction of secondary in-car tasks were published by the United States National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) in 2013, studies have raised concerns on the accuracy of the method defined in the guidelines, namely criticizing them for basing the diversity of the driver sample on driver age, and for inconsistent between-group results. In fact, it was recently discovered that the NHTSA driving simulator test is susceptible to rather fortuitous results when the participant sample is randomized. This suggests that the results of said test are highly dependent on the s…

Yksilölliset erot kuljettajien katsepreferensseissä ja katseiden kestoihin vaikuttavat tekijät

2017

Kuljettajien tarkkaamattomuus on maailmanlaajuinen ilmiö. Tarkkaamattomuuden vaikutuksia liikenneturvallisuuteen on tutkittu ilmiön yleisyyden takia viime aikoina paljon. Useiden tutkimuksien mukaan kuljettajan tarkkaamattomuus on merkittävä tekijä auto-onnettomuuksissa. Usein kuljettajan tarkkaamattomuus johtuu toissijaisesta tehtävästä – esimerkiksi viestin kirjoittamisesta tai osoitteen etsimisestä – ajon aikana. Aiemmissa tutkimuksissa on havaittu, että kuljettajilla saattaa olla yksilöllisiä laitteeseen suuntautuvien katseiden kestojen preferenssejä toissijaisia tehtäviä tehdessä. Nykyiset usein käytetyt elektronisten laitteiden aiheuttamaa tarkkaamattomuutta mittaavat testausmenetelmä…

A Review of Occlusion as a Tool to Assess Attentional Demand in Driving

2021

Objective The aim of this review is to identify how visual occlusion contributes to our understanding of attentional demand and spare visual capacity in driving and the strengths and limitations of the method. Background The occlusion technique was developed by John W. Senders to evaluate the attentional demand of driving. Despite its utility, it has been used infrequently in driver attention/inattention research. Method Visual occlusion studies in driving published between 1967 and 2020 were reviewed. The focus was on original studies in which the forward visual field was intermittently occluded while the participant was driving. Results Occlusion studies have shown that attentional demand…