Search results for "back"

showing 10 items of 2078 documents

Image Quality Assessment Measure Based on Natural Image Statistics in the Tetrolet Domain

2012

This paper deals with a reduced reference (RR) image quality measure based on natural image statistics modeling. For this purpose, Tetrolet transform is used since it provides a convenient way to capture local geometric structures. This transform is applied to both reference and distorted images. Then, Gaussian Scale Mixture (GSM) is proposed to model subbands in order to take account statistical dependencies between tetrolet coefficients. In order to quantify the visual degradation, a measure based on Kullback Leibler Divergence (KLD) is provided. The proposed measure was tested on the Cornell VCL A-57 dataset and compared with other measures according to FR-TV1 VQEG framework.

Kullback–Leibler divergenceImage qualitybusiness.industryTetrolet transformPattern recognitionMeasure (mathematics)Domain (software engineering)Image (mathematics)GSMGaussian scale mixturesStatisticsArtificial intelligencebusinessMathematics
researchProduct

The Duality of Entropy/Extropy, and Completion of the Kullback Information Complex

2018

The refinement axiom for entropy has been provocative in providing foundations of information theory, recognised as thoughtworthy in the writings of both Shannon and Jaynes. A resolution to their concerns has been provided recently by the discovery that the entropy measure of a probability distribution has a dual measure, a complementary companion designated as &ldquo

Kullback–Leibler divergenceSettore MAT/06 - Probabilita' E Statistica MatematicaLogarithmGeneral Physics and Astronomylcsh:Astrophysics02 engineering and technologyBregman divergenceMathematical proofInformation theory01 natural sciencesArticle010104 statistics & probabilityFermi–Dirac entropyKullback symmetric divergencelcsh:QB460-4660202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringEntropy (information theory)0101 mathematicslcsh:Sciencerelative entropy/extropyAxiomMathematics020206 networking & telecommunicationslcsh:QC1-999total logarithmic scoring ruleProbability distributiondualityPareto optimal exchangelcsh:QprevisionextropySettore SECS-S/01 - StatisticaentropyMathematical economicslcsh:PhysicsEntropy
researchProduct

A New Image Distortion Measure Based on Natural Scene Statistics Modeling

2012

In the field of Image Quality Assessment (IQA), this paper examines a Reduced Reference (RRIQA) measure based on the bi-dimensional empirical mode decomposition. The proposed measure belongs to Natural Scene Statistics (NSS) modeling approaches. First, the reference image is decomposed into Intrinsic Mode Functions (IMF); the authors then use the Generalized Gaussian Density (GGD) to model IMF coefficients distribution. At the receiver side, the same number of IMF is computed on the distorted image, and then the quality assessment is done by fitting error between the IMF coefficients histogram of the distorted image and the GGD estimate of IMF coefficients of the reference image, using the …

Kullback–Leibler divergencebusiness.industryImage qualityScene statisticsPattern recognition02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesMeasure (mathematics)Hilbert–Huang transform010309 opticsSupport vector machineHistogramDistortion0103 physical sciences0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering020201 artificial intelligence & image processingArtificial intelligencebusinessMathematicsInternational Journal of Computer Vision and Image Processing
researchProduct

Methodological insights on Life Cycle Assessment of solar energy technologies

2012

Renewable energies are reliable sources to move the world toward a sustainable energy economy, to achieve the emission reduction targets and to face the shortage of worldwide fossil fuels reserves. A reliable energy and environmental profile of renewable energy technologies (RETs) may not leave out considerations on the impacts of the background system, including also the production, use, and disposal of such systems. In this context the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is an established methodology to estimate the energy and environmental benefits and drawbacks of RETs and to identify components and life cycle stages having the largest impacts. In the present Chapter the authors focus on the an…

LCA solar technology energy payback time environmental payback time
researchProduct

Six-years-long effects of the Italian policies for photovoltaics on the pay-back period of grid-connected PV systems installed in urban contexts

2017

Abstract In this study the discounted pay-back (DPB) period of rooftop photovoltaic (PV) systems installed in urban contexts was investigated during the course of time with the aim of evaluating the effects of the different supporting policies enacted by the Italian government. The profitability of the investment in three Italian cities was observed from June 2010 to May 2016 by means of an exhaustive economic analysis based on the study of the variation of the costs and benefits during the lifetime of the investment. The analysis considered the disbursements for the PV system devices, maintenance and management, insurance, and wear of PV panels and inverters. Other significant parameters, …

Labour economicsPayback period020209 energyTariff02 engineering and technologyTax creditIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringEnergy analysiTax credit0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringEconomicsRevenueElectrical and Electronic EngineeringFeed-in tariffCivil and Structural EngineeringFinanceSettore ING-IND/11 - Fisica Tecnica Ambientalebusiness.industryMechanical EngineeringPhotovoltaic systemEconomic analysisBuilding and ConstructionInvestment (macroeconomics)PollutionFeed-in tariffGeneral EnergyProfitability indexbusinessPhotovoltaicPay-back period
researchProduct

Experimental investigations of the hypernucleus $_Λ^4$H

2015

International audience; Negatively charged pions from two-body decays of stopped _Lambda^4H hypernuclei were studied in 2012 at the Mainz Microtron MAMI, Germany. The momenta of the decay-pions were measured with unprecedented precision by using high-resolution magnetic spectrometers. A challenge of the experiment was the tagging of kaons from associated K^+∧ production off a Be target at very forward angles. In the year 2014, this experiment was continued with a better control of the systematic uncertainties, with better suppression of coincident and random background, improved particle identification, and with higher luminosities. Another key point of the progress was the improvemen…

Lambda: hypernucleusQC1-999Nuclear TheoryAstrophysics[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]01 natural sciencestagged beamParticle identificationpi-010305 fluids & plasmasNuclear physicsMomentumMainz LinacPionCoincidentberyllium: target0103 physical sciencesCalibration010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentMicrotronPhysicsSpectrometerPhysicspi: decayresolutionsuppressionHypernucleusmagnetic spectrometerKmicrotronhydrogenmomentum: calibrationbackground: randomHigh Energy Physics::Experimentluminosity: highparticle identification
researchProduct

Management of Bleeding Complications in Virtual Reality Laparoscopy

2019

The aim of this study was to compare the impact of induced bleeding complication training with regular training on a virtual reality laparoscopic (VRL) simulator. Although bleeding complications occur rarely during laparoscopic surgery, they usually arise without warning and may have severe consequences for the patient because complication management training is not currently widespread. Third-year medical students (n = 41) were randomly selected for 2 curricular courses on how to perform a bimanual task on a VRL simulator. Both the regular training group (RTG) and the induced bleeding complication training (ICT) group performed 2 regular training sessions and 9 training sessions. For the I…

Laparoscopic surgerymedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industrymedicine.medical_treatmenteducationBackground dataManagement trainingVirtual realityTask (project management)03 medical and health sciencesBleeding complication0302 clinical medicine030220 oncology & carcinogenesismedicinePhysical therapySurgery030212 general & internal medicinebusinessComplicationLaparoscopyInternational Surgery
researchProduct

Zero Viscosity Limit for Analytic Solutions, of the Navier-Stokes Equation on a Half-Space.¶I. Existence for Euler and Prandtl Equations

1998

This is the first of two papers on the zero-viscosity limit for the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations in a half-space. In this paper we prove short time existence theorems for the Euler and Prandtl equations with analytic initial data in either two or three spatial dimensions. The main technical tool in this analysis is the abstract Cauchy-Kowalewski theorem. For the Euler equations, the projection method is used in the primitive variables, to which the Cauchy-Kowalewski theorem is directly applicable. For the Prandtl equations, Cauchy-Kowalewski is applicable once the diffusion operator in the vertical direction is inverted.

Laplace's equationIndependent equationSemi-implicit Euler methodPrandtl numberMathematical analysisMathematics::Analysis of PDEsStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsBackward Euler methodEuler equationsPhysics::Fluid DynamicsEuler methodsymbols.namesakeEuler's formulasymbolsMathematical PhysicsMathematicsCommunications in Mathematical Physics
researchProduct

Distillation and stripping pilot plants for the JUNO neutrino detector: Design, operations and reliability

2019

Abstract This paper describes the design, construction principles and operations of the distillation and stripping pilot plants tested at the Daya Bay Neutrino Laboratory, with the perspective to adapt these processes, system cleanliness and leak-tightness standards to the final full scale plants to be used for the purification of the liquid scintillator of the JUNO neutrino detector. The main goal of these plants is to remove radio impurities from the liquid scintillator while increasing its optical attenuation length. Purification of liquid scintillator will be performed with a system combining alumina oxide, distillation, water extraction and steam (or N 2 gas) stripping. Such a combined…

Large-scale experimentNuclear and High Energy PhysicsPhysics - Instrumentation and DetectorsLiquid scintillatorAttenuation length; LAB; Large-scale experiments; Light yield; Liquid scintillator; Nitrogen purging; Radiopurity; Scintillator transparency; Nuclear and High Energy Physics; Instrumentationscintillation counter: liquidMixing (process engineering)Full scaleFOS: Physical sciencesRadiopurityfabricationScintillator01 natural sciences7. Clean energyStripping (fiber)law.inventionNOlaw0103 physical sciencesthorium: admixtureAttenuation length; LAB; Large-scale experiments; Light yield; Liquid scintillator; Nitrogen purging; Radiopurity; Scintillator transparency[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]010306 general physicsProcess engineeringDistillationInstrumentationbackground: radioactivityNuclear and High Energy PhysicPhysicsLABJUNOLarge-scale experiments010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryuranium: admixtureSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleAttenuation lengthInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)Attenuation lengthNitrogen purgingNeutrino detectorScintillator transparencyNeutrinobusinessaluminum: oxygenLight yield
researchProduct

Prevalence of Low Back Pain among Primary School Students from the City of Valencia (Spain)

2021

It is well-known that low back pain (LBP) prevalence is high among school-age children. However, literature concerning the initial onset of back pain between the ages of three and eleven years is scarce. The present study aims to analyze the prevalence of LBP in kindergarten and primary school students. A total of 278 (9.9 ± 2.1 years old

Leadership and ManagementeducationprevalenceLifetime prevalencelcsh:MedicineHealth InformaticsArticleKindergartenprimary school03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineHealth Information Managementchildrenhealth services administrationPrevalenceBack painMedicineLow back painkindergarten030212 general & internal medicineChildrenlow back painPrimary schoolbusiness.industryHealth Policylcsh:Rback healthLow back painnervous system diseasesbody regionsExact testpopulation characteristicsmedicine.symptombusinessBack health030217 neurology & neurosurgeryDemographyHealthcare
researchProduct