Search results for "bacteria."
showing 10 items of 4757 documents
Field testing of a vaccine against eel diseases caused by Vibrio vulnificus
2001
The field results of a vaccination programme against Vibrio vulnificus serovar E (biotype 2) in a Spanish eel farm are reported. A total of 9.5 million glass eels were vaccinated from January 1998 to March 2000 by prolonged immersion followed by 2 subsequent reimmunisations after 12 to 14 and 24 to 28 d, respectively. The acquired protection and the immune response against serovar E were estimated over a period of 6 mo after vaccination. A similar vaccination schedule was conducted with elvers in a Danish eel farm. In this case, the acquired protection and the immune response against serovar E and the new eel-pathogenic serovars, recently described in Denmark, were evaluated over a short te…
Vibrio vulnificus serovar A: an emerging pathogen in European anguilliculture.
2006
The spread of the emerging pathogen Vibrio vulnificus biotype 2 serovar A in Danish anguilliculture is reported. Serovar A was originally isolated in a Spanish eel farm in 2000 and occurred in Denmark in the summer of 2004, affecting eels of 5-10 g body weight cultured in fresh water. The Danish eels showed clinical signs different from those reported for Spanish eels, such as severe haemorrhages in the head and gill region with necrosis of the soft tissues. Danish isolates were biochemically and serologically identical to Spanish serovar A strains and also highly virulent for eels by both intraperitoneal injection and immersion challenges. Vaccination with Vulnivaccine, a vaccine against V…
Molecular Typing Reveals Frequent Clustering among Human Isolates of Listeria monocytogenes in Italy
2009
In Italy, the annual incidence of reported cases of listeriosis amounts in recent years (2004 to 2006) to 0.8 cases per million inhabitants. Our study is a subtyping analysis by serotyping, ribotyping, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis of 44 human isolates from apparently sporadic cases of infection in the Lombardy region and in the Province of Florence, Italy, in the years 1996 to 2007. Based on the results of the different subtyping methods, 10 occasions were detected when strains of L. monocytogenes with the same subtype were isolated from more than one listeriosis case. A total of 28 (66.7%) out of 44 isolates were attributed to molecular subtype clusters. Our data support t…
Infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa: relatively frequent isolation of serogroup 12 from clinical specimens.
1985
Serological typing of P. aeruginosa is the most simple and reliable procedure recommended for ≪ in-house ≫ investigations and for studies of suspected outbreaks of infection by this microorganism. It is also a useful procedure in order to know serotype prevalence in a definite geografical area and to obtain indications about the more appropriate composition of polivalent anti-Pseudomonas vaccines. In the present report, we describe the relatively high frequency of isolation of serogroup 12 from patients in Palermo, Italy. Serogroup 12 is very rare in north-Europe and in the USA, and, as a consequence, it is not included in some vaccine preparations. In Palermo, strains belonging to this ser…
Characterization of the first extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing nontyphoidal Salmonella strains isolated in Tehran, Iran.
2009
The infections caused by Salmonella remain a significant public health problem throughout the world. beta-Lactams and fluoroquinolones are generally used to treat invasive Salmonella infections, but emergence and spread of antibiotic-resistant strains are being increasingly notified in many countries. In particular, detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) in Salmonella spp. is a newly emerging threat worldwide. This study was carried out to characterize beta-lactamase-producing Salmonella strains identified in Tehran, Iran. Over the 2-year period from 2007 to 2008, 6 of 136 Salmonella isolates recovered from pediatrics patients, including three Salmonella enterica serotypes E…
Metabolic response of bacteria to elevated concentrations of glyphosate-based herbicide.
2019
Abstract Glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) are the most widespread commonly used broad-spectrum herbicides that contaminate soils and waters, are toxic to bacteria, plants and animals, and have been classified as ‘probably carcinogenic to humans’ by the International Agency for Research on Cancer in 2015. Particular soil bacteria and fungi can degrade GBHs, hence, search for new GBH-degrading strains or microbial consortia, effective under specific growth conditions and local environment, seems to be a promising solution for bio-remediation of glyphosate-contaminated environment. Consequently, there is a need for rapid and informative methods to evaluate the GBH-induced changes of the meta…
Pythium perplexum isolated from soil in France: morphology, molecular characterisation and biological control.
2001
Pythium perplexum (F-926) was isolated from a soil sample taken in the Burgundy region in France. In 1907, it was mistakenly described by Bulter as P. vexans. Despite morphological resemblance, the comparison between the internal transcribed spacer 1 regions of the ribosomal DNA of the two fungi leaves no doubt of their different identities. P. perplexum was found to be highly pathogenic to cucumber seedlings. Damping-off disease of cucumber caused by P. perplexum can effectively be controlled by using the soil bacterium Serratia plymuthica (B-781). The details of the morphology and the molecular characterisation of P. perplexum and its biological control with S. plymuthica are described he…
Bioactive glass ions induce efficient osteogenic differentiation of human adipose stem cells encapsulated in gellan gum and collagen type I hydrogels
2019
Abstract Background Due to unmet need for bone augmentation, our aim was to promote osteogenic differentiation of human adipose stem cells (hASCs) encapsulated in gellan gum (GG) or collagen type I (COL) hydrogels with bioactive glass (experimental glass 2-06 of composition [wt-%]: Na2O 12.1, K2O 14.0, CaO 19.8, P2O5 2.5, B2O3 1.6, SiO2 50.0) extract based osteogenic medium (BaG OM) for bone construct development. GG hydrogels were crosslinked with spermidine (GG-SPD) or BaG extract (GG-BaG). Methods Mechanical properties of cell-free GG-SPD, GG-BaG, and COL hydrogels were tested in osteogenic medium (OM) or BaG OM at 0, 14, and 21 d. Hydrogel embedded hASCs were cultured in OM or BaG OM fo…
The critical concentration of C1-esterase inhibitor (C1-INH) in human serum preventing auto-activation of the first component of complement (C1)
2005
C1-esterase inhibitor (C1-INH) was depleted from normal human serum (NHS) at 4 degrees C by affinity chromatography with a monoclonal anti-C1-INH antibody (mAb 13 E1) coupled to CNBr-activated Sepharose 4B. The C1-INH-depleted serum (C1-INH-depl-HS) had normal levels of C1, C4, and CH 50 and C1-INH concentration was less than 10% of normal (15 microg/ml in C1-INH-depl-HS compared to 230 microg/ml in NHS). C1-auto-activation in C1-INH-depl-HS was followed by measuring C4-consumption in a haemolytic assay and by detection of activated C1s in a C1s-ELISA. After a lag phase of 10-20 min, C1-auto-activation in C1-INH depl-HS occurred and reached its maximum after 40 min at 37 degrees C. In contr…
Inhibitory Activity and Chemical Characterization ofDaucus carotasubsp.maximusEssential Oils
2017
The essential oils (EOs) of green seeds from Daucus carota subsp. maximus growing wild in Pantelleria Island (Sicily, Italy) were characterized. EOs were extracted by steam distillation, examined for their inhibitory properties against food-borne Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and analyzed for the chemical composition by gas chromatography (GC) and mass spectrometry (MS). Undiluted EOs showed a large inhibition spectrum against Gram-positive strains and also vs. Acinetobacter spp. and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. The minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) was in the range 1.25 â 2.50 μl/ml for the most sensitive strains. The chemical analysis indicated that D. carota subsp…