Search results for "bacterial infections and mycoses"

Carbohydrate assimilation profiles of the first Italian Candida dubliniensis clinical isolates recovered from an HIV-infected individual.

2001

A total of six Candida dubliniensis isolates were obtained during 1 year of monitoring by monthly swabs from the oral cavity of an asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus-infected individual in Catania, Italy. To the authors' knowledge, this constitutes the first recovery of C. dubliniensis from a human in Italy. Our identification procedure was based on colony color on CHROMagar Candida and carbohydrate assimilation profiles obtained by two commercial systems: API ID 32C and API 20C AUX. Karyotyping by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis confirmed the phenotypic identification. The biocodes obtained with API 20C AUX and with API ID 32C were 6172134 and 7142140015, respectively, for all six …

Integron and genotype patterns of quinolones-resistant uropathogenic Escherichia coli

2011

Uropathogenic Escherichia coli are the most common cause of urinary tract infections,and quinolones-resistant strains cause growing concern in developing countries. This study provides relevant data in relation to the molecular epidemiology of these isolateswith respect to the distribution of integron among them and in doing so, to control the infections and adopt efficient strategies. This study was performed on 96 strains of E. coliisolated from patients with community acquired urinary tract infections in Jahrom, Iran. Having determined the antibiotic susceptibility patterns, isolates were resistant to quinolones (Ciprofloxacin, Norfloxacin and Nalidixic acid) screened for integron classe…

Shigella sonnei biotype g carrying class 2 integrons in southern Italy: a retrospective typing study by pulsed field gel electrophoresis

2006

Abstract Background Emergence and global dissemination of multiresistant strains of enteric pathogens is a very concerning problem from both epidemiological and Public Health points of view. Shigella sonnei is the serogroup of Shigella most frequently responsible for sporadic and epidemic enteritis in developed countries. The dissemination is associated most often to human to human transmission, but foodborne episodes have also been described. In recent years the circulation of multiresistant strains of S. sonnei biotype g carrying a class 2 integron has been reported in many countries worldwide. In southern Italy a strain with similar properties has been responsible for a large community o…

Genetic relatedness among isolates of Shigella sonnei carrying class 2 integrons in Tehran, Iran, 2002–2003

2007

Abstract Background Shigella spp. are major cause of diarrhoeal disease in both developing and developed countries. Shigella sonnei is the serogroup of Shigella most frequently responsible for sporadic and epidemic enteritis in developed countries. In recent years the emergence and spread of S. sonnei biotype g carrying class 2 integron have been frequently reported in many countries. Recently, S. sonnei has been reported as the prevalent serogroup of Shigella in Iran. The present study was carried out to investigate phenotypic and genetic characteristics of Shigella sonnei isolates identified in the years 2002 and 2003 in Tehran, Iran. Methods Biotyping, drug susceptibility testing, pulsed…

Quantifying the limits of transition state theory in enzymatic catalysis

2017

Significance Transition state theory (TST) is the most popular theory to calculate the rates of enzymatic reactions. However, in some cases TST could fail due to the violation of the nonrecrossing hypothesis at the transition state. In the present work we show that even for one of the most controversial enzymatic reactions—the hydride transfer catalyzed by dihydrofolate reductase—the error associated to TST represents only a minor correction to the reaction rate. Moreover, this error is actually larger for the reaction in solution than in the enzymatic active site. Based on this finding and on previous studies we propose an “enzymatic shielding” hypothesis which encompasses various aspects …

Cluster of Legionnaires’ Disease in an Italian Prison

2019

Background: Legionella pneumophila (Lp) is the most common etiologic agent causing Legionnaires&rsquo

Generation of GAL4-responsive muscleblind constructs

2002

The muscleblind (mbl) gene encodes protein isoforms Mbl A to Mbl D, which arise by alternative splicing from a common primary transcript. Mbl A, B, and C contain two Zn-finger domains of the type Cys3His, while Mbl D contains only one complete Zn finger. Loss of function mutations in the gene reveal that mbl is involved in both terminal photoreceptor and muscle differentiation in Drosophila. During retina development mbl is essential for rhabdomere differentiation in photoreceptor neuron. Clones homozygous null for mbl completely lack these lightharvesting structures (Begemann et al., 1997). Similarly, the terminal differentiation of the larval body wall muscles is compromised in mbl mutant…

Helicobacter pylori gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and vacuolating cytotoxin promote gastric persistence and immune tolerance

2013

Infection with the gastric bacterial pathogen Helicobacter pylori is typically contracted in early childhood and often persists for decades. The immunomodulatory properties of H. pylori that allow it to colonize humans persistently are believed to also account for H. pylori ’s protective effects against allergic and chronic inflammatory diseases. H. pylori infection efficiently reprograms dendritic cells (DCs) toward a tolerogenic phenotype and induces regulatory T cells (Tregs) with highly suppressive activity in models of allergen-induced asthma. We show here that two H. pylori virulence determinants, the γ-glutamyl transpeptidase GGT and the vacuolating cytotoxin VacA, contribute critic…

208: Impact of posaconazole (POS) vs fluconazole (FLU) on cyclosporine (CsA) and tacrolimus (TAC) dosing in hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT)…

2007

Mycobacterium tuberculosis Immune Response in Patients With Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Disease

2021

Subjects with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMID), such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), have an intrinsic higher probability to develop active-tuberculosis (TB) compared to the general population. The risk ranges from 2.0 to 8.9 in RA patients not receiving therapies. According to the WHO, the RA prevalence varies between 0.3% and 1% and is more common in women and in developed countries. Therefore, the identification and treatment of TB infection (TBI) in this fragile population is important to propose the TB preventive therapy. We aimed to study the M. tuberculosis (Mtb) specific T-cell response to find immune biomarkers of Mtb burden or Mtb clearance in patients with different TB …