Search results for "bakteriofagi"

Prophages and Past Prophage-Host Interactions Revealed by CRISPR Spacer Content in a Fish Pathogen

2020

The role of prophages in the evolution, diversification, or virulence of the fish pathogen Flavobacterium columnare has not been studied thus far. Here, we describe a functional spontaneously inducing prophage fF4 from the F. columnare type strain ATCC 23463, which is not detectable with commonly used prophage search methods. We show that this prophage type has a global distribution and is present in strains isolated from Finland, Thailand, Japan, and North America. The virions of fF4 are myoviruses with contractile tails and infect only bacterial strains originating from Northern Finland. The fF4 resembles transposable phages by similar genome organization and several gene orthologs. Addit…

Black box of phage–bacterium interactions : exploring alternative phage infection strategies

2021

The canonical lytic–lysogenic binary has been challenged in recent years, as more evidence has emerged on alternative bacteriophage infection strategies. These infection modes are little studied, and yet they appear to be more abundant and ubiquitous in nature than previously recognized, and can play a significant role in the ecology and evolution of their bacterial hosts. In this review, we discuss the extent, causes and consequences of alternative phage lifestyles, and clarify conceptual and terminological confusion to facilitate research progress. We propose distinct definitions for the terms ‘pseudolysogeny’ and ‘productive or non-productive chronic infection’, and distinguish them from…

Outside-host phage therapy as a biological control against environmental infectious diseases

2018

Background Environmentally growing pathogens present an increasing threat for human health, wildlife and food production. Treating the hosts with antibiotics or parasitic bacteriophages fail to eliminate diseases that grow also in the outside-host environment. However, bacteriophages could be utilized to suppress the pathogen population sizes in the outside-host environment in order to prevent disease outbreaks. Here, we introduce a novel epidemiological model to assess how the phage infections of the bacterial pathogens affect epidemiological dynamics of the environmentally growing pathogens. We assess whether the phage therapy in the outside-host environment could be utilized as a biologi…

Cooperation between Different CRISPR-Cas Types Enables Adaptation in an RNA-Targeting System

2021

CRISPR-Cas systems are immune systems that protect bacteria and archaea against their viruses, bacteriophages. Immunity is achieved through the acquisition of short DNA fragments from the viral invader’s genome.

Silent rain: does the atmosphere-mediated connectivity between microbiomes influence bacterial evolutionary rates?

2020

ABSTRACT Air carries a vast number of bacteria and viruses over great distances all the time. This leads to continuous introduction of foreign genetic material to local, established microbial communities. In this perspective, I ask whether this silent rain may have a slowing effect on the overall evolutionary rates in the microbial biosphere. Arguably, the greater the genetic divergence between gene ‘donors’ and ‘recipients’, the greater the chance that the gene product has a deleterious epistatic interaction with other gene products in its genetic environment. This is due to the long-term absence of check for mutual compatibility. As such, if an organism is extensively different from other…

Comparison of Delivery Methods in Phage Therapy against Flavobacterium columnare Infections in Rainbow Trout

2021

This dataset consists of three phage therapy experiments to prevent Flavobacterium columnare infections in rainbow trout. Experiments I and II were done in stagnant water, and Experiment III in a flow-through system. See the documentation file attached with the dataset for full description of the methods (also found in the original article).

Resolving Bio-Nano Interactions of E.coli Bacteria-Dragonfly Wing Interface with Helium Ion and 3D-Structured Illumination Microscopy to Understand B…

2020

Obtaining a comprehensive understanding of the bactericidal mechanisms of natural nanotextured surfaces is crucial for the development of fabricated nanotextured surfaces with efficient bactericidal activity. However, the scale, nature, and speed of bacteria-nanotextured surface interactions make the characterization of the interaction a challenging task. There are currently several different opinions regarding the possible mechanisms by which bacterial membrane damage occurs upon interacting with nanotextured surfaces. Advanced imaging methods could clarify this by enabling visualization of the interaction. Charged particle microscopes can achieve the required nanoscale resolution but are …

Bakteriofagi phi143:n karakterisointi : uusi cystovirusten kaltainen kaksijuosteinen RNA-virus

2012

Viruses : the invisible majority of the oceans

2019

Extending the hosts of Tectiviridae into four additional genera of Gram-positive bacteria and more diverse Bacillus species

2018

Tectiviridae are composed of tailless bacteriophages with an icosahedral capsid and an inner membrane enclosing a double-stranded 15 kb linear DNA genome. Five of the seven previously studied Tectivirus isolates infect bacteria from Bacillus cereus sensu lato group (Betatectivirus), one distantly related member (PRD1) infect Enterobactericeae (Alpatectivirus) and one recently discovered virus infect Gluconobacter cerinus (Gammatectivirus). Here we expand the host spectrum of Betatectivirus elements to four additional genera (Streptococcus, Exiguobacterium, Clostridium and Brevibacillus) and to more distantly related Bacillus species (B. pumilus and B. flexus) by studying the genomes of four…