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From Norway Spruce Bark to Carbon Foams : Characterization, and Applications

2020

Fresh bark from spruce Picea abies was milled and extracted with hot water. The extracts were purified in a number of steps in order to get tannin-extracts pure enough to prepare tannin-based carbon foams. The chemical composition of the extracts were analyzed. The foams were maturated and thermally treated to obtain desired properties, such as specific surface area, porosity, and compressive strength. It was possible to produce carbon foams even if they contained carbohydrate impurities. Differences in the properties of the carbon foams such as compressive strength, specific surface areas, and pore size distributions might be related to the compositions of the extracts. The foams were fina…

First record of the pencil cardinal Epigonus denticulatus (Perciformes: Epigonidae) in the Azores archipelago

2021

The pencil cardinal Epigonus denticulatus is a small deep-water fish inhabiting continental slopes usually between 300 m and 600 m depth. We report the first record of E. denticulatus in the Azores archipelago, where one specimen was found floating by fisherman off Faial island. Meristic and morphometric characters are in accordance with those reported for the species and molecular analyses further supported species identity. The record of E. denticulatus as a native species in the Azores, increases the number of Epigonus species in the region for a total of three. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Marginal fragmented beech stands and climate change in Sicily: effects of non-sustainable traditional silviculture practices in relation to micro-top…

2016

In Sicily where the southernmost beech forests of Europe are located, beech stands show peculiar ecological, characters. The ecological marginality of these forests is particularly evident in the fragmented and isolated beech stands, near the timberline and/or located on less favourable topographic conditions. In this study we analyzed stand-structural parameters and tree health comparing recently coppice felled beech stands and control plots. Additionally, these aspects have been related also to the local topographic gradient and the cover fragmentation. Results clearly show a pronounced tree health reduction (more crown and bark damages, higher percentage of dead trees, lower seedling den…

The naming and typification of the breadfruit, Artocarpus altilis, and breadnut, A. camansi (Moraceae)

2018

The historical background and typification of the widely distributed and highly appreciated breadfruit tree, Artocarpus altilis (≡ Sitodium altile; Moraceae), and breadnut, A.camansi, is discussed. Sitodium altile is lectotypified selecting a watercolour painting by Sydney Parkinson made in Tahiti in 1769, during James Cook's first voyage around the world (1768–1771) in HMS Endeavour, and preserved at the Natural History Museum of London. A specimen from E. D. Merrill's “illustrative specimens” of Blanco's Philippine plants in the United States National Herbarium is designated as the neotype for A.camansi.

Ulota drummondii(Orthotrichaceae, Bryopsida) in the Iberian Peninsula

2018

Ulota drummondii (Hook. & Grev.) Brid. is a Suboceanic Boreal-montane epiphytic moss whose disjunct distribution includes both coasts of North America, East Asia, as well as northern and central Europe, being an extraordinarily rare moss in its southernmost known localities in Europe. It was reported some years ago from northern Spain, but the revision of the specimens on which the record was based demonstrate to be misidentified. Therefore, this species was not included in the treatment of the genus Ulota in the Flora Briofitica Iberica. Recently, the species was collected 140 km away of the previous erroneous record, and this led to a search for other specimens from the main Iberian herba…

Epibiontes en juveniles de tortugas carey Eretmochelys imbricata varadas en la costa del Departamento de Rocha, Uruguay

2016

The hawksbill turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata) is the most threatened sea turtle species in the world. An important aspect of the biology of sea turtles is the study of colonizing fauna, i.e., their epibiota. The aim of this study is a taxonomic determination on the epibiota found on 4 hawksbills turtles stranded in 2009 and 2011 on the coast of Rocha Department, Uruguay. The epibiota was composed by algae from the class Phaeophyceae (Sphacelaria sp. and Hincksia mitchelliae) and invertebrates from the classes Cirripedia (Platylepas hexastylos, Chelonibia testudinaria and Amphibalanus improvisus) and Hirudinea (Ozobranchus margoi), with greater predominance of P. hexastylos cirripeds (n= 365…

Inter-specific nest re-use by Barn Swallows Hirundo rustica

2017

ABSTRACTCapsule: Reports of inter-specific nest re-use by Barn Swallows Hirundo rustica in Europe and North America are reviewed. Inter-specific nest re-use was rare but appeared opportunistic, possibly functioning as a time-saving mechanism or as a result of limited nest sites.

<p><strong>In BOLD we trust? A commentary on the reliability of specimen identification for DNA barcoding: a case study on burrower bugs …

2016

An assessment was performed regarding the accuracy of various types of data deposited in the Barcode of Life Data system (BOLD) related to the true bug family Cydnidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera). Taxonomic nomenclature and classification, identification reliability, and the correctness of the data provided in the "Taxon description" were analyzed and commented on with respect to both available versions of the BOLD system, i.e. version 3 and beta version 4. Numerous mistakes in taxonomy, the relevance of the taxa names, and species misidentifications in BOLD version 3 were found and, more importantly, similar errors were detected in BOLD version 4 as well. We suggest that if the BOLD system is…

2021

Centaurothamnus maximus (family Asteraceae), is a leafy shrub indigenous to the southwestern Arabian Peninsula. With a paucity of phytochemical data on this species, we set out to chemically characterize the plant. From the aerial parts, two newly identified guaianolides were isolated: 3β-hydroxy-4α(acetoxy)-4β(hydroxymethyl)-8α-(4-hydroxy methacrylate)-1αH,5αH, 6αH-gual-10(14),11(13)-dien-6,12-olide (1) and 15-descarboxy picrolide A (2). Seven previously reported compounds were also isolated: 3β, 4α, 8α-trihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)-lαH, 5αH, 6βH, 7αH-guai-10(14),11(13)-dien-6,12-olide (3), chlorohyssopifolin B (4), cynaropikrin (5), hydroxyjanerin (6), chlorojanerin (7), isorhamnetin (8), …

Triterpene saponins of the root bark of Olax obtusifolia De Wild

2018

Abstract Four undescribed triterpenoid saponins together with five known and oleanolic acid were isolated from root bark of Olax obtusifolia De Wild. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods including 1D and 2D NMR experiments, in combination with mass spectrometry as 3-O-α- l -rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-α- l -rhamnopyranosyl-(1→3)-β- d -glucuronopyranosyloleanolic acid, 3-O-α- l -rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-α- l -rhamnopyranosyl-(1→3)-β- d -glucuronopyranosyloleanolic acid 28-O-β- d -glucopyranosyl ester, 3-O-α- l -rhamnopyranosyl-(1→3)-β- d -glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-[β- d -glucopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β- d -glucuronopyranosyloleanolic acid and 3-O-α- l -rhamnopyranosyl-(1→3)-β- d -glucopyranos…