Search results for "beam"

showing 10 items of 2126 documents

Light Charged Particle Identification by Means of Digital Pulse Shape Acquisition in the CHIMERACsI(Tl) Detectors at GSI Energies

2011

We report the results obtained by applying digital pulse shape acquisition and digital signal processing to the signals from CsI(Tl) scintillators read out by photodiodes at high incident energy (400 MeV/u). The digitized signals allows the discrimination of light charged particles by computing the Fast and Slow components and the Rise Time of the output pulses of the CsI(Tl). When the energies of the light charged particles exceed those corresponding to their ranges in CsI(Tl), the points related to the punching-through particles gather in the corresponding scatter plots giving rise to a cusp. The punching-through points are used as energy calibration points for the reaction products stopp…

PhysicsRadiology Nuclear Medicine and ImagingRadiationsezelePhysics::Instrumentation and Detectorsbusiness.industryDetectorScintillatorRadiationCharged particlePhotodiodelaw.inventionOpticslawRise timebusinessBeam (structure)Digital signal processingNuclear and High Energy Physic
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Dosimetric characteristics of backscattered electrons in lead.

2000

In electron beam therapy, tissue overdose due to electrons backscattered from lead has been profusely studied. To quantify this dose enhancement effect, an electron backscatter factor (EBF) was defined as the ratio of dose at the tissue-inhomogeneity interface with and without the scatterer present. The dependence of the EBF on energy at the scatterer surface is not well known for energies lower than 3 MeV which is the most frequent clinical situation. In this work, we have done Monte Carlo calculations with the GEANT code to study EBF in lead at this energy range. The applicability of this code and the developed procedure for dose estimation has been experimentally verified. The dependence…

PhysicsRange (particle radiation)Radiological and Ultrasound Technologybusiness.industryRadiotherapy Planning Computer-AssistedPhysics::Medical PhysicsMonte Carlo methodDose-Response Relationship RadiationElectronsElectronRadiationComputational physicsOpticsLeadCathode rayElectron Beam TherapyDosimetryRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingComputer SimulationbusinessRadiometryMonte Carlo MethodBeam (structure)AlgorithmsSoftwarePhysics in medicine and biology
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High Cyclotron Harmonics Excitation in Multi-beam Terahertz Range Gyrotrons

2019

The paper presents recent results on the multi-beam gyrotrons operating at cyclotron harmonics in terahertz frequency range. The theoretical and experimental investigation of second harmonic 0.78 THz gyrotron includes comparison of generating and absorbing beam schemes, research on the effect of velocity spread and mode competition process, along with development of third harmonic 1.2 THz tube based on verified numerical codes and latest experimental results.

PhysicsRange (particle radiation)Terahertz radiationbusiness.industryCyclotronPhysics::Opticslaw.inventionOpticsPhysics::Plasma PhysicslawGyrotronHarmonicsHarmonicbusinessExcitationBeam (structure)2019 PhotonIcs & Electromagnetics Research Symposium - Spring (PIERS-Spring)
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Teaching stable two-mirror resonators through the fractional Fourier transform

2009

We analyse two-mirror resonators in terms of their fractional Fourier transform (FRFT) properties. We use the basic ABCD ray transfer matrix method to show how the resonator can be regarded as the cascade of two propagation–lens–propagation FRFT systems. Then, we present a connection between the geometric properties of the resonator (the g parameters) and those of the equivalent FRFT systems (the FRFT order and scaling parameters). Expressions connecting Gaussian beam q-transformation with FRFT parameters are derived. In particular, we show that the beam waist of the resonator's mode is located at the plane leading to two FRFT subsystems with equal scaling parameter which, moreover, coincid…

PhysicsRay transfer matrix analysisbusiness.industryFourier opticsMathematical analysisTransfer-matrix method (optics)General Physics and AstronomyFractional Fourier transformResonatorOpticsRayleigh lengthPhotonicsbusinessGaussian beamEuropean Journal of Physics
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Improving the nuclear physics input along the rp-process path

2007

The level structure of 30 S was studied at the NSCL by using neutron removal reactions with a radioactive 31 S beam. The γ -decay from excited states in 30 S was measured in a Ge-detector array. The results discussed for this work will reduce the uncertainties in the determination of the astrophysical 29 P(p, γ ) 30 S reaction rate under rp -process conditions.

PhysicsReaction rateNuclear physicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsWork (thermodynamics)Excited statePath (graph theory)Level structureNeutronrp-processAtomic physicsNuclear ExperimentBeam (structure)Nuclear Physics A
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Holographic interferometer with tunable radial and lateral displacement

1990

The hologram of a point source, together with the real point source, is used to implement a simple holographic interferometer that can be tuned in its radial and/or lateral displacements. We show that our device is easy to use for creating cosinusoidal gratings and zone plates and for optical testing.

PhysicsReal pointPoint sourcebusiness.industryMaterials Science (miscellaneous)HolographyPhysics::OpticsHolographic interferometerInterference (wave propagation)Holographic interferometryIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineeringlaw.inventionInterferometryOpticslawBusiness and International ManagementbusinessBeam splitterApplied Optics
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SU-E-T-218: Octavius 4D: Commissioning and Clinical Implementation of a New Device for VMAT Verifications

2013

Purpose: To commission a new device for pre‐treatment patient specific verification of VMAT plans, which is capable of reconstructing 3D dose with high resolution. Methods: Octavius 4D system (PTW) consists of an ion chamber array embedded in a cylindrical phantom which, assisted by an inclinometer, rotates synchronously with the gantry. For VMAT plans, it measures planar dose distributions as a function of gantry angle in order to compute the resulting 3D dose distribution. There are two options for the ion chamber array: Octavius 729 (general purpose) and Octavius 1000 SRS (small field size, high resolution). We have used three linacs: two Varian Clinac iX and one TrueBeam with MLC HD 120…

PhysicsReproducibilitybusiness.industrymedicine.medical_treatmentTruebeamGeneral MedicineGantry angleRadiosurgeryLinear particle acceleratorSmall fieldIonization chambermedicineNew deviceNuclear medicinebusinessMedical Physics
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Laser cooling of stored high-velocity ions by means of the spontaneous force

1993

A longitudinal laser cooling of ion beams at about 5% of the velocity of light has been performed at the Heidelberg Test Storage Ring with various cooling schemes employing the spontaneous force. For a 7.29-MeV $^{9}\mathrm{Be}^{+}$ beam with an initial longitudinal temperature of 2700 K, the main characteristics of laser cooling in a storage ring are discussed. When undamped, the transverse betatron oscillations of the coasting ions limit the longitudinal temperature after laser cooling to typically 1 K. After damping the transverse motion by precooling the ions with an electron cooler, longitudinal temperatures of below 30 mK have been obtained in the subsequent laser cooling. In this cas…

PhysicsResolved sideband coolingIon beamElectronLaserAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsIonlaw.inventionIntrabeam scatteringlawLaser coolingPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsPhysics::Atomic PhysicsAtomic physicsDoppler coolingPhysical Review A
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Topologically Protected Twist Edge States for a Resonant Mechanical Laser-Beam Scanner

2019

We design a one-dimensional chain of two different alternating three-dimensional elastic chiral unit cells. The chain’s topological band gap, a result of the alternation of unit cells combined with their chirality and an effective mirror symmetry, guarantees a protected edge state, corresponding to a localized twist mode with an eigenfrequency inside the one-dimensional band gap. A small axial modulation at the one end of the beam can excite this resonant twist mode at the other end of the beam, via evanescent modes in the gap. The topological robustness of the edge state allows us to add a micromirror to the other end of the beam, turning the arrangement into a resonant mechanical laser-be…

PhysicsScannerBand gapbusiness.industryAlternation (geometry)General Physics and Astronomy02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesOptics0103 physical sciencesEdge statesTwist010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyMirror symmetrybusinessChirality (chemistry)Laser beamsPhysical Review Applied
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First measurement of the helicity-dependent γ p↦pη differential cross-section

2003

The helicity dependence of the (γ) over right arrow(p) over right arrow -+ peta reaction has been measured for the first time at a center-of-mass angle theta(eta)*= 70degrees in the photon energy range from 780 MeV to 790 MeV. The experiment, performed at the Mainz microtron MAMI, used a 4pi-detector system, a circularly polarized, tagged photon beam. and a longitudinally polarized frozen-spin target. The helicity 3/2 cross-section is found to be small and the results for helicity 1/2 agree with predictions from the MAID analysis.

PhysicsScattering cross-sectionNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsHadronPhoton energy01 natural sciencesHelicityNuclear physics0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsNuclear fusionPhoton beamNuclear Experiment010306 general physicsMicrotronThe European Physical Journal A
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