Search results for "behavior"

Comparison of migratory and resident populations of brown trout reveals candidate genes for migration tendency

2018

Candidate genes associated with migration have been identified in multiple taxa: including salmonids, many of whom perform migrations requiring a series of physiological changes associated with the freshwater–saltwater transition. We screened over 5,500 SNPs for signatures of selection related to migratory behavior of brown trout Salmo trutta by focusing on ten differentially migrating freshwater populations from two watersheds (the Koutajoki and the Oulujoki). We found eight outlier SNPs potentially associated with migratory versus resident life history using multiple (≥3) outlier detection approaches. Comparison of three migratory versus resident population pairs in the Koutajoki watershe…

The structural validity of the Finnish version of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand : a Rasch model analysis

2020

Abstract Introduction: The construct validity of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire (DASH) has previously been questioned. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the measurement properties of the Finnish version of the DASH for assessing disability in patients with hand complaints using Rasch Measurement Theory. Methods: A cohort of 193 patients with typical hand and wrist complaints were recruited at a surgery outpatient clinic. The DASH scores were analysed using the Rasch model for differential item functioning, unidimensionality, fit statistics, item residual correlation, coverage/targeting and reliability. Results: In the original DASH questionnaire, the it…

Physiotherapists’ validating and invalidating communication before and after participating in brief cognitive functional therapy training : Test of c…

2021

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate physiotherapists’ validating and invalidating communication, before and after brief Cognitive Functional Therapy (CFT) training that included a session on validation skills. Associations between validation/invalidation and the characteristics of the interviews and physiotherapists were also explored. Methods Eighteen physiotherapists treating patients with low back pain participated in the study. The study had a within-group design in which validation and invalidation for physiotherapists were rated before and after training using a reliable observational scale. We also collected data on interview length and physiotherapists’ and patients’ …

Reliability and validation of the child eating behavior questionnaire in 3- to 6-year-old Spanish children

2022

IntroductionEating behavior is often established during the first years of life. Therefore, it is important to make a research on it to understand the relationships that children have with food and how this can contribute to prevent the development of childhood obesity. An appropriate assessment of eating behavior can be achieved using the “Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire” (CEBQ). This questionnaire has been validated in several populations and languages, but it has never been translated, adapted, and validated for Spanish children.AimTo evaluate the reliability and internal consistency of the CEBQ questionnaire, culturally adapted and translated into Spanish (Spain), in Spanish familie…

Toward a Dimensional Assessment of Externalizing Disorders in Children : Reliability and Validity of a Semi-Structured Parent Interview

2020

Objective: This study assesses the reliability and validity of the DSM-5-based, semi-structured Clinical Parent Interview for Externalizing Disorders in Children and Adolescents (ILF-EXTERNAL). Method: Participant data were drawn from the ongoing ESCAschool intervention study. The ILF-EXTERNAL was evaluated in a clinical sample of 474 children and adolescents (aged 6−12 years, 92 females) with symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). To obtain interrater reliability, the one-way random-effects, absolute agreement models of the intraclass correlation (ICC) for single ICC(1,1) and average measurements ICC(1,3) were computed between the interviewers and two independent rate…

The impact of parental behaviors on children's negative emotions

2015

The study examined the role of different parental behaviors on children’s negative emotions. Parents of 152 Finnish first grade children (79 girls and 73 boys) filled in diary-formed questionnaires which measure parental behaviors including affection, behavioral control and psychological control. Children’s negative emotions are also measured by diary-formed questionnaires which are filled in by their parents. The results showed that parental affection was negatively related to children’s negative emotions while parental psychological control was positively related to children’s negative emotions. The study did not find relation between parental behavioral control and children’s negative em…

Patterns of Children’s Relationships With Parents and Teachers in Grade 1 : Links to Task Persistence and Performance

2022

Our study aimed to investigate the patterns of children’s relationships with their parents and teachers, the development of these relationships during Grade 1, and respective links to children’s learning (in task persistence and performance). Parents of 350 children answered questionnaires about the quality of their relationships with their children; 25 teachers answered questions about children’s task persistence at school and the quality of their relationships with their students; 350 children completed literacy and math performance tests; and six testers evaluated children’s task persistence when completing those tests. All measures were administered twice: at the start and end of Grade …

The roles of achievement-related behaviours and parental beliefs in children´s mathematical performance

2003

This study aimed to investigate the developmental dynamics between children's mathematical performance, the task-focused versus task-avoidant behaviours they show in the classroom, and their parents' beliefs concerning their school competence. The mathematical performance of 111 six- to seven-year-old children was tested, and their task-focused versus task-avoidant behaviours were rated by their teachers four times during their first school year. Parents filled in questionnaires measuring their skill-specific and general beliefs about their children's school competencies at the beginning and at the end of the school year. The results showed that parents' beliefs in their children's general …

Vanhempien ammattikoulutuksen ja oppimista koskevien uskomusten yhteys lasten koulusuoriutumiseen ja suoritusstrategioihin 1. luokalla

2000

Aposematism in the burying beetle? Dual function of anal fluid in parental care and chemical defence

2017

Burying beetles (Nicrophorus vespilloides) bear distinctive and variable orange-black patterning on their elytra and produce an anal exudate from their abdomen when threatened. During breeding, the anal exudates contribute to the antimicrobial defence of the breeding resource. We investigated whether the anal exudates also provide a responsive chemical defence, which is advertised to potential avian predators by the beetle’s orange and black elytral markings. We found that that the orange-black elytral markings of the burying beetle are highly conspicuous for avian predators against range of backgrounds, by using computer simulations. Using bioassays with wood ants, we also showed that the …