Search results for "behavioral"
showing 10 items of 3011 documents
Previous Training in the Water Maze
1999
It has been shown that acquisition rates in the water maze vary across strains of mice, although the differential effects of previous experience in this spatial task have been scarcely evaluated. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of training in the water maze at an early age (2 months) in two strains of mice (NMRI and C57BL) using a longitudinal study. Mice with or without previous training were tested when they were 6 months, and retested when 10 months old. The results showed that trained NMRI mice performed better than all the other groups, both at test and retest, indicating that previous training had more beneficial effects in NMRI than in C57BL mice. These resul…
Integrating different levels of analysis in the study of mate choice and mating systems in vertebrates
2000
Lever Press Duration as a Measure of Frustration Motivated Response Variation in Rat Self-administration to Investigate the Effects of Frustration on…
2023
In human studies, frustration has been identified as a potential risk factor for substance use disorders. Currently, there is little research into the role of frustration in substance use disorders despite research showing that frustration tolerance in humans is associated with a lower likelihood of developing substance use problems, better outcomes in recovery, and fewer relapses. To address this need, our studies use rat self-administration models to focus on frustration-related behavior in natural reward and addiction-related behavioral procedures. First, to study frustration in operant responding, there is a need to establish a real-time objective measure and validate its use in predict…
Loneliness and health indicators in middle-aged and older females and males
2022
Loneliness is a complex and uncomfortable feeling that results from the perception of a lack of desired personal and social ties. Loneliness is accentuated with aging. It has been related to a wide range of objective and subjective health indicators and is a risk factor for morbidity and mortality. One of the proposed underlying mechanisms through which loneliness affects health is the dysregulation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis. However, the relationship between loneliness and cortisol, the main product of the HPA axis, is unclear and requires more research. The aims of this cross-sectional study were to investigate the relationships between loneliness, subjective health…
Editorial: The Role of Neuropeptides in Drug Addiction and Other Psychiatric Disorders
2022
Crosstalk between Mu-Opioid receptors and neuroinflammation: Consequences for drug addiction and pain
2022
Mu-Opioid Receptors (MORs) are well-known for participating in analgesia, sedation, drug addiction, and other physiological functions. Although MORs have been related to neuroinflammation their biological mechanism remains unclear. It is suggested that MORs work alongside Toll-Like Receptors to enhance the release of pro-inflammatory mediators and cytokines during pathological conditions. Some cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6, have been postulated to regulate MORs levels by both avoiding MOR recycling and enhancing its production. In addition, Neurokinin-1 Receptor, also affected during neuroinflammation, could be regulating MOR trafficking. Therefore, inflammation in the central …
Corrigendum to “Bipolar disorder: An evolutionary psychoneuroimmunological approach”
2021
How to learn a conceptual space
2005
the experiments proposed in the article by steels & belpaeme (s&b) can be considered as a starting point toward a general methodology for the automatic learning of conceptual spaces.
Effets d’une prise en charge pluridisciplinaire sur l’inflammation systémique chez des adolescents obèses présentant des troubles du sommeil
2019
Objectif Evaluer chez des adolescents obeses la relation entre inflammation et SAOS et de determiner les facteurs expliquant une baisse de l’inflammation a l’issue d’une prise en charge (PEC) pluridisciplinaire de 9 mois. Methodes Vingt-trois sujets (14,6 ± 1,2 ans, IMC = 40,2 ± 6,5 kg/m2) ont participe. Le sommeil par polysomnographie, les parametres anthropometriques, la C-reactive proteine (CRP) et l’endurance cardiorespiratoire ont ete mesures en pre et post PEC. La VO2pic a ete rapportee au poids (VO2picPC ; mL/min/kg) et a la masse maigre (VO2picMM ; mL/min/kgMM). Les relations entre CRP et IMC, sexe, index de desaturation en oxygene (IDO), index de μ-eveils (IE), temps de sommeil tot…
Regressions and eye movements: Where and when
2003
Reichle et al. argue that the mechanism that determines where to fixate the eyes is controlled mostly by low-level processes. Therefore, unlike other competing models (e.g., the SWIFT model), the E-Z Reader model cannot account for “global” regressions as a result of linguistic difficulties. We argue that the model needs to be extended to account for regressive saccades.