Search results for "behaviour"

Behavioural and pharmacological characterization of a novel cannabimimetic adamantane-derived indole, APICA, in C57BL/6J mice

2015

The novel adamantane derivative APICA (N-(adamtan-1-yl)-1-pentyl-1H-indole-3-carboxamide) was recently identified as a cannabimimetic indole of abuse (1, 2). Despite its novel structure, APICA recalls cannabimimetic indoles, such as representative member JWH-018. The emerging abuse problem, together with the paucity of information about the bioactivity of APICA (3) emphasize the need for further evaluation of the in vivo pharmacology of this novel indole-derived compound. In the present study, the effects of APICA (0 - 1 - 3 mg/Kg, i.p.) were tested in C57BL/6J mice, in a battery of tests that are sensitive to the effects of psychoactive cannabinoids, including body temperature; locomotor a…

Behavioural responses of two phytoseiid mites (Parasitiformes, Phytoseiidae) to different densities of the prey Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acariformes…

2008

Short-term e-cigarette vapour exposure causes vascular oxidative stress and dysfunction: evidence for a close connection to brain damage and a key ro…

2019

Abstract Aims Electronic (e)-cigarettes have been marketed as a ‘healthy’ alternative to traditional combustible cigarettes and as an effective method of smoking cessation. There are, however, a paucity of data to support these claims. In fact, e-cigarettes are implicated in endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress in the vasculature and the lungs. The mechanisms underlying these side effects remain unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of e-cigarette vapour on vascular function in smokers and experimental animals to determine the underlying mechanisms. Methods and results Acute e-cigarette smoking produced a marked impairment of endothelial function in chronic smokers determined b…

The Effect of Pedometer Step Goal, Feedback and Self-Monitoring Interventions on Accelerometer-Measured Physical Activity in Children.

2014

This study assessed the utility of 3-week goal-setting, self-monitoring and step-feedback pedometer interventions for increasing physical activity (PA) in children, and the relative impact of individual and group-standardised goals. Three classes of primary school children (n = 68) were randomised to: (a) individual-standardised goal (IS), (b) group-standardised goal (GS) or (c) open pedometer control (CON) groups. PA was assessed via accelerometry (baseline and end-point). There were no main effects for study group, but there was an interaction between time and group for moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), with MVPA time change differing between IS and CON, as MVPA increased in IS but decrease…

Evaluation of the bending behaviour of laminated glass beams via electronic speckle pattern interferometry

2017

The paper is devoted to the experimental analysis of the kinematical and mechanical behaviour of laminated glass beam structures. In particular, the utilized laminated glass specimens are composed of two glass layers bonded by a polymer layer constituted by Ethylene-vinyl acetate whose thickness has been nominally considered as constant for all the specimens. The experimental behaviour of the analyzed specimens is deduced by applying Electronic Speckle- Pattern Interferometry technique; actually, among optical methods this technique (handled by phase-stepping technique) is very effective to obtain a full-field displacement map and to numerically achieve the longitudinal strain. In particula…

Investigación del comportamiento informacional a través del análisis de redes sociales

2013

El enfoque prevaleciente en la investigación del comportamiento informacional es el constructivista centrado en el indivi- duo como generador de conocimiento. Recientemente han aumentado las críticas a esta postura reclamando un giro hacia lo social. Desde esta perspectiva se emplean métodos como el análisis del discurso que busca conocer, a través del lenguaje de los usuarios, cómo se genera y comparte el conocimiento en el contexto social. Otros métodos más objetivistas como el análisis de redes sociales podrían contribuir a un mayor conocimiento de este aspecto. Este trabajo describe cómo se ha aplicado a la investigación del comportamiento informacional, se presenta una apli…

Test-retest reliability of a new self reported comprehensive questionnaire measuring frequencies of different modes of adolescents commuting to schoo…

2009

Published version of an article from the journal: International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity Article available from: http://www.ijbnpa.org/content/6/1/68 Background: Studies assessing active commuting to school usually use simple questionnaires, and often is mode of commuting reported with a single questionnaire item only. The purpose of the present study is to report the test-retest reliability of a newly developed comprehensive questionnaire on active commuting to school and work among 6thgrade school children and their parents in Norway. Methods: A total of 106 pupils and 77 parents completed a questionnaire two times, 14 days apart. The questionnaire consisted o…

Differential efferent projections of the anterior, posteroventral, and posterodorsal subdivisions of the medial amygdala in mice

2012

The medial amygdaloid nucleus (Me) is a key structure in the control of sociosexual behaviour in mice. It receives direct projections from the main and accessory olfactory bulbs, as well as an important hormonal input. To better understand its behavioural role, in this work we investigate the structures receiving information from the Me, by analysing the efferent projections from its anterior (MeA), posterodorsal (MePD) and posteroventral (MePV) subdivisions, using anterograde neuronal tracing with biotinylated and tetrametylrhodamine-conjugated dextranamines.The Me is strongly interconnected with the rest of the chemosensory amygdala, but shows only moderate projections to the central nucl…

Mammary pheromone-induced odour learning influences sucking behaviour and milk intake in the newborn rabbit

2016

Newborn rabbits, Oryctolagus cuniculus, locate their mother's nipples through typical orocephalic movements elicited by odour stimuli, in particular by the mammary pheromone (MP). The MP also promotes neonatal odour learning: after single pairing with the MP, an initially neutral odorant becomes able to elicit sucking-related head-searching/oral-grasping movements. However, the behavioural significance of the MP-induced odour learning remains poorly understood. We carried out three experiments to explore its influence on milk intake and compare its consequences with those resulting from nursing-induced conditioning. First, pups conditioned to an odorant by pairing with the MP on postnatal d…

Physiological and agonistic behavioural response of Procambarus clarkii to an acoustic stimulus

2012

Summary This study examined the effects of an acoustic stimulus on the haemolymph and agonistic behaviour of the red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii. The experiment was conducted in a tank equipped with a video recording system using 6 groups (3 control and 3 test groups) of five adult crayfish (30 specimens in total). After one hour of habituation, the behaviour of the crayfish was monitored for two hours. During the second hour, the animals in the test groups were exposed to a linear sweep (frequency range 0.1-25 kHz; peak amplitude 148 dBrms re 1 µPa at 12 kHz) acoustic stimulus for 30 minutes. Exposure to the noise produced significant variations in haemato-immunological parameters a…