Search results for "bene"
showing 10 items of 2408 documents
Thioredoxin (Trxo1) interacts with proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and its overexpression affects the growth of tobacco cell culture.
2017
Thioredoxins (Trxs), key components of cellular redox regulation, act by controlling the redox status of many target proteins, and have been shown to play an essential role in cell survival and growth. The presence of a Trx system in the nucleus has received little attention in plants, and the nuclear targets of plant Trxs have not been conclusively identified. Thus, very little is known about the function of Trxs in this cellular compartment. Previously, we studied the intracellular localization of PsTrxo1 and confirmed its presence in mitochondria and, interestingly, in the nucleus under standard growth conditions. In investigating the nuclear function of PsTrxo1 we identified proliferati…
Trichoderma harzianum Strain T22 Modulates Direct Defense of Tomato Plants in Response to Nezara viridula Feeding Activity
2021
AbstractPlant growth-promoting fungi belonging to genus Trichoderma are known to help plants when dealing with biotic stressors by enhancing plant defenses. While beneficial effects of Trichoderma spp. against plant pathogens have long been documented, fewer studies have investigated their effect on insect pests. Here, we studied the impact of Trichoderma root colonization on the plant defense responses against stink bug feeding attack. For this purpose, a model system consisting of tomato plant, Solanum lycopersicum cv Dwarf San Marzano, Trichoderma harzianum strain T22 and the southern green stink bug, Nezara viridula, was used. We firstly determined stink bug performance in terms of rela…
Kindness to the final host and vice versa: A trend for parasites providing easy prey?
2019
Traditionally the “extended phenotype” concept refers to parasites that manipulate host phenotype to increase parasite fitness. This includes parasites that render intermediate hosts more susceptible to predation by final hosts. We explore here the proposition that an evolutionary driver in such cases is the energetic benefit to the final host, in addition to increased parasite fitness. We will review some well-established host-manipulation models, where such a scenario seems likely. One example is provided by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii, which conspicuously impairs predator avoidance in rodents. Pathologies in humans that acquire T. gondii are known, but infection in adult feline defin…
An ancestral allele of grapevine transcription factor MYB14 promotes plant defence
2016
Highlight The molecular mechanisms underlying the elevated inducibility of stilbene in pathogen-resistant Vitis sylvestris can be explained by the increased inducibility of the MYB14 promoter.
Influence of brood temperature and hygrometry variations on the development of the honey bee ectoparasite Varroa jacobsoni (Mesostigmata : Varroidae)
1990
The influence of different temperatures (from 26 to 39.5°C) and relative humidities (40 and 70%) on the development of Varma jacobsoni (Oudemans) was studied by placing newly capped and parasitized worker bee broods into thermostatically controlled chambers. In one set of experiments the temperature was kept constant, and in the second set, the parasitized worker broods were placed at a temperature of 40,41, or 42°C for a time varying from 0 to 24 h and then returned to 32.5°C. The optimal temperature for development of the mites was between 32.5 and 33.4°C, which corresponds to the brood temperature of Apis mellifera L. Above 36.5°C, reproduction of varroa females was significantly reduced…
Effect of Sunlight Exposure on Anthocyanin and Non-Anthocyanin Phenolic Levels in Pomegranate Juices by High Resolution Mass Spectrometry Approach
2020
Quali-quantitative analyses of anthocyanins and non-anthocyanin phenolic compounds performed with the use of liquid chromatography coupled with high resolution mass spectrometry, were evaluated in juice of pomegranate fruits (&lsquo
Neonicotinoids in excretion product of phloem-feeding insects kill beneficial insects
2019
Significance The use of insecticides in agriculture is one of the suggested causes of the decline in insect populations. Neonicotinoids are among the most widely used insecticides. However, they have important negative side effects, especially for pollinators and other beneficial insects feeding on floral nectar and pollen. We identified an exposure route: Neonicotinoids reach and kill beneficial insects when they feed on the most abundant carbohydrate source for insects in agroecosystems, honeydew. Honeydew is the excretion product of phloem-feeding hemipteran insects such as aphids, mealybugs, whiteflies, or psyllids. This route of exposure is likely to affect a much wider range of benefi…
Are alternative food networks winning strategies to increase organic SMEs profitability? Evidence from a case study
2020
The aim of this study was to understand how and how much alternative food networks (AFNs) contribute to increasing the profitability of the organic SMEs, compared to traditional organic sales channels. For this purpose, an economic analysis and an in-depth interview were carried out in a case study located in the Sicilian northern coast. Findings showed a clear convenience of the participation to alternative food networks compared to the case in which all farm production was conferred to traditional sales channels, highlighting an increase both of farm profit (+76.9%) and net income (+72.1%). However, the in-depth interview revealed that AFNs are a mean, not only to have economic benefits, …
Transgenerational effects decrease larval resilience to ocean acidification & warming but juvenile European sea bass could benefit from higher te…
2021
1.AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ocean acidification (OA) and warming (OW) as well as the transgenerational effect of OA on larval and juvenile growth and metabolism of a large economically important fish species with a long generation time. Therefore we incubated European sea bass from Brittany (France) for two generations (>5 years in total) under current and predicted OA conditions (PCO2: 650 and 1700 µatm). In the F1 generation both OA condition were crossed with OW (temperature: 15-18°C and 20-23°C). We found that OA alone did not affect larval or juvenile growth and OW increased developmental time and growth rates, but OAW decreased larval size at me…
Methodology for determining foliar penetration of herbicides with reference to oil-based adjuvants
1994
Oils are used extensively in pesticide formulation and in pesticide application as spray adjuvants. They improve the biological efficacy of several foliage-applied herbicides without impairing their selectivity. Beneficial effects were first observed with atrazine in maize (Zea mays; Jones and Anderson 1968; Nalewaja 1968) and with phenmedipham in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris: Miller and Nalewaja 1973). More recently, oils have met with success as spray adjuvants for graminicides (Buhler and Burnside 1984; Nalewaja 1986; Barrentine and McWorther 1988) and for bentazone (Doran and Andersen 1975; Nalewaja et al. 1975). Since they allow the use of reduced herbicide application rates, oils also im…