Search results for "binary"

showing 10 items of 833 documents

An Algebraic Approach to Knowledge Representation

1999

This paper is an attempt to apply domain-theoretic ideas to a new area, viz. knowledge representation. We present an algebraic model of a belief system. The model consists of an information domain of special kind (belief algebra) and a binary relation on it (entailment). It is shown by examples that several natural belief algebras are, essentially, algebras of flat records. With an eye on this, we characterise those domains and belief algebras that are isomorphic to domains or algebras of records. For illustration, we suggest a system of axioms for revision in such a model and describe an explicit construction of what could be called a maxichoise revision.

Pure mathematicsKnowledge representation and reasoningComputer scienceBinary relationComputingMethodologies_SYMBOLICANDALGEBRAICMANIPULATIONBelief systemNatural (music)IsomorphismAlgebraic numberBelief revisionLogical consequenceAxiom
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A TEST of the NATURE of the FE K LINE in the NEUTRON STAR LOW-MASS X-RAY BINARY SERPENS X-1

2015

Broad Fe K emission lines have been widely observed in the X-ray spectra of black hole systems, and in neutron star systems as well. The intrinsically narrow Fe K fluorescent line is generally believed to be part of the reflection spectrum originating in an illuminated accretion disk, and broadened by strong relativistic effects. However, the nature of the lines in neutron star LMXBs has been under debate. We therefore obtained the longest, high-resolution X-ray spectrum of a neutron star LMXB to date with a 300 ks Chandra HETGS observation of Serpens X-1. The observation was taken under the "continuous clocking" mode and thus free of photon pile-up effects. We carry out a systematic analys…

SerpensAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaX-ray binaryFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysicsaccretion accretion disk01 natural sciencesSpectral linestars: neutronSettore FIS/05 - Astronomia E Astrofisica0103 physical sciencesEmission spectrum010303 astronomy & astrophysicsLine (formation)High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)Physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsAstronomy and Astrophysicsprofiles; stars: neutron; X-rays: binaries; Astronomy and Astrophysics; Space and Planetary Science [accretion accretion disks; line]Astronomy and AstrophysicK-lineX-rays: binarieBlack holeNeutron starline: profileSpace and Planetary ScienceAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
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On the representation of integers by indefinite binary Hermitian forms

2011

Given an integral indefinite binary Hermitian form f over an imaginary quadratic number field, we give a precise asymptotic equivalent to the number of nonequivalent representations, satisfying some congruence properties, of the rational integers with absolute value at most s by f, as s tends to infinity.

Pure mathematicsrepresentation of integersGeneral MathematicsHyperbolic geometryAMS : 11E39 11N45 20H10 30F4001 natural sciences[MATH.MATH-GR]Mathematics [math]/Group Theory [math.GR]symbols.namesake0103 physical sciencesEisenstein seriesCongruence (manifolds)group of automorphs0101 mathematicsQuaternionMathematicsBinary Hermitian formQuaternion algebraMathematics - Number TheorySesquilinear formta111010102 general mathematicsOrder (ring theory)Hermitian matrix[MATH.MATH-NT]Mathematics [math]/Number Theory [math.NT]Bianchi group[MATH.MATH-DG]Mathematics [math]/Differential Geometry [math.DG]symbolsMathematics::Differential Geometry010307 mathematical physics
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Structure and Thermodynamics of Binary Mixtures (Solutions)

2014

The concepts of chapter 2 are generalized to binary liquid mixtures (solutions). With the help of the concept of number and concentration fluctuations contact to the thermodynamics of solutions and physical chemistry of solutions is made. The perturbative RPA is shown to be equivalent to Flory’s theory of regular solutions. The phase diagrams of regular solutions and metal-salt solutions are discussed and explained in terms of the theories.

Condensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterPhysicssymbols.namesakesymbolsRegular solutionStructure (category theory)Binary numberThermodynamicsGibbs free energyPhase diagram
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Vapor−Liquid Equilibria for the Binary Systems Isobutanol with m-Xylene, o-Xylene and p-Xylene at 101.3 kPa

1999

Vapor−liquid equilibria were measured for binary systems of isobutanol with m-xylene, o-xylene, and p-xylene at 101.3 kPa using a recirculating still. The accuracy of experimental measurements was ±0.1 K in temperature, ±0.01 kPa in pressure, and ±0.001 in mole fraction. The results were determined to be thermodynamically consistent according to the point-to-point consistency and Wisniak tests. All the systems show moderate positive deviations from ideality. The data were correlated with five liquid-phase activity coefficient models (Margules, Van Laar, Wilson, NRTL, UNIQUAC).

Activity coefficientchemistry.chemical_compoundUNIQUACchemistryIsobutanolGeneral Chemical EngineeringButanolXyleneNon-random two-liquid modelThermodynamicsGeneral ChemistryBinary systemp-XyleneJournal of Chemical & Engineering Data
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SEA presidential address: Group connectivity and cooperation

2011

A model-free methodology is used for the first time to estimate a daily volatility index (VIBEX-NEW) for the Spanish financial market.We use a public data set of daily option prices to compute this index and showthat daily changes in VIBEXNEW display a negative, tight contemporaneous relationship with IBEX daily returns, contrary to other common volatility indicators, as an implied volatility indicator or a GARCH(1,1) conditional volatility model. This relationship is approximately symmetric to the sign on VIBEX-NEW changes and asymmetric to the IBEX-35 returns sign, which make it clearly a suitable volatility index for the Spanish stock market. We also examine the relationship between curr…

Physics::Physics and SocietyComputer Science::Computer Science and Game TheoryTheoretical computer sciencemodel-based volatility indexGeneralizationBinary relationComputer scienceGroup (mathematics)G13Evolutionäre SpieltheorieLeverage effectG15leverage effectGefangenendilemmaMoore neighborhoodDilemmaforecasting volatilitymodel-free volatility indexPresidential addressddc:330Graph (abstract data type)C53General Economics Econometrics and Financerisk
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Multi-dimensional pattern matching with dimensional wildcards

1995

We introduce a new multi-dimensional pattern matching problem, which is a natural generalization of the on-line search in string matching. We are given a text matrix A[1: n1, ..., 1:n d ] of size N= n1×n2×...×n d , which we may preprocess. Then, we are given, online, an r-dimensional pattern matrix B[1:m1,...,1:m r ] of size M= m1×m2×...×m r , with 1≤r≤d. We would like to know whether B*=B*[*, 1:m1,*, ...,1: mr, *] occurs in A, where * is a dimensional wildcard such that B* is any d-dimensional matrix having size 1 × ... × m1×...1×m r ×...1 and containing the same elements as B. Notice that there might be (d/r)≤2d occurrences of B* for each position of A. We give CRCW-PRAM algorithms for pr…

business.industryGeneralizationCommentz-Walter algorithmPattern recognitionWildcard characterString searching algorithmcomputer.file_formatApproximate string matchingBinary logarithmCombinatoricsMatrix (mathematics)Artificial intelligencePattern matchingbusinesscomputerMathematics
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A trace partitioned Gray code forq-ary generalized Fibonacci strings

2015

AbstractWe provide a trace partitioned Gray code for the set of q-ary strings avoiding a pattern constituted by k consecutive equal symbols. The definition of this Gray code is based on two different constructions, according to the parity of q. This result generalizes, and is based on, a Gray code for binary strings avoiding k consecutive 0's.

Gray codeCombinatoricsDiscrete mathematicsAlgebra and Number TheoryFibonacci numberApplied MathematicsBinary stringsParity (mathematics)AnalysisMathematicsJournal of Discrete Mathematical Sciences and Cryptography
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Enthalpy and Entropy Contributions to Solvent Quality and Inversions of Heat Effects with Polymer Concentration

2006

Vapor pressures above the solutions of polystyrene in either cyclohexane (32-60 °C) or toluene (10-70 °C) have been measured by a combination of head space sampling and gas chromatography as a function of the volume fraction φ of the polymer. The thus obtained Flory-Huggins interaction parameters Χ (φ; T) were complemented by data for three other systems (tert-butyl acetate/polystyrene, cyclohexane/poly(vinyl methyl ether), 2-propanol/poly(butyl methacrylate)) reported in the literature and analyzed in terms of their enthalpy and entropy parts Χ H and Χ s . Furthermore these experimental findings were modeled by means of an approach splitting the mixing process conceptually into two parts a…

Polymers and PlasticsCyclohexaneOrganic ChemistryEnthalpyConcentration effectFlory–Huggins solution theoryCondensed Matter PhysicsSolventchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryVolume fractionPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryPolystyreneBinary systemPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMacromolecular Chemistry and Physics
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Phase retrieval of a Kolmogorov phase screen from very sparse data using four binary masks

2020

We investigate experimentally the phase retrieval of a Kolmogorov phase screen from very sparse data by modulating its amplitude with four binary masks and compare the retrieved phase screen to the ground truth measured with a surface profiler. Previously, we have shown in simulations that this kind of modulation can be successfully used for the phase retrieval of a Kolmogorov phase screen. After subtracting the ground truth from the retrieved phase screen, the root-mean-square error decreased from 0.14 µm to 0.10 µm. We conclude that a Kolmogorov phase screen can be recovered using simple modulation and very sparse data.

PhysicsGround truthbusiness.industryBinary numberAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsPtychographyAmplitudeOpticsModulationSpatial frequencyElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPhase retrievalbusinessEngineering (miscellaneous)AlgorithmSparse matrixApplied Optics
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