Search results for "biofuel"

Real-time optimization of the key filtration parameters in an AnMBR: Urban wastewater mono-digestion vs. co-digestion with domestic food waste

2018

[EN] This study describes a model-based method for real-time optimization of the key filtration parameters in a submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) treating urban wastewater (UWW) and UWW mixed with domestic food waste (FW). The method consists of an initial screening to find out adequate filtration conditions and a real-time optimizer applied to a periodically calibrated filtration model for minimizing the operating costs. The initial screening consists of two statistical analyses: (1) Morris screening method to identify the key filtration parameters; (2) Monte Carlo method to establish suitable initial control inputs values. The operating filtration cost after implementing the…

Canola oil electrooxidation in an aqueous solution of KOH - Possibility of alkaline fuel cell powering with canola oil

2016

In the last few years alternative energy sources have been fast developing. One of these sources is fuel cell. Due to development of the renewable energy sources, the powering of fuel cells with bio-fuels is very important. Vegetable oil is an alternative fuel for Diesel engines and for heating oil burners. Powering high efficiency power sources like fuel cells with renewable fuels (like vegetable oil) will allow development of renewable energy sources and elimination or reduce of toxic substances emissions. The paper presents the possibility of using canola oil as fuel for fuel cells. The work shows possible electrooxidation of canola oil emulsion prepared on the basis of a nonionic surfac…

Możliwość bezpośredniego zasilania ogniwa paliwowego biopaliwem

2017

Praca przedstawia analizę możliwości zasilania ogniw paliwowych biopaliwami. Analizy dokonano na podstawie rozpoznania pozycji literaturowych oraz badań własnych. Przeanalizowano wykorzystanie biogazu, wodoru pozyskanego metodami biologicznymi, wykorzystanie alkoholu metylowego oraz olejów roślinnych. Wykazano, że w przypadku metanolu istotnym jest poszukiwanie katalizatorów nie zawierających metali szlachetnych, natomiast w przypadku olejów roślinnych uzyskiwane wartości gęstości prądu nie pozwalają obecnie na zbudowanie ogniwa paliwowego o dużej wydajności. Wykazano, że jednak istnieje możliwość zasilania ogniw paliwowych biopaliwami, jednak konieczne są jednak, prace zmierzające do podwy…

Uusiutuva energia ja energiajärjestelmän konsensus : mekanisminen näkökulma liikenteen biopolttoaineiden ja syöttötariffin käyttöönottoon Suomessa

2014

Algae in urban water bodies - control of growth and use as a biomas

2018

Enhancing the ecology security of Ukraine and other developing countries is predetermined by the environmental problems of cities. It prompts studies on the contamination of city's and adjacent water bodies. The control of blue-green algae distribution and the use of its biomass for production of the biofuels, energy, oils, medicine, etc. is one of the contributing factors to the well-balanced development of infrastructure of cities. The intensity of the processes of eutrophication and the species composition of the algae, which cause algal blooming, was investigated based on data of the Vorskla River in Poltava city (Ukraine). Relevant methods, statistical data of Ukrainian Environmental S…

Analysis of Lipophilic Extractives from Fast Pyrolysis Bio-Oils

2022

Fast pyrolysis bio-oils (FPBOs) originating from forest residues contain extractive-derived substances, which may form a separate, sticky layer with char particles on the surface of these bio-oils. In this study, first, the removal of extractive-derived substances from the bio-oil top phase was studied by common solvents with different polarities. In this case, the results indicated that when aimed at the maximum yield of single-phase fuel oil and thus the maximum amount of extractives removed, the use of n-heptane or n-hexane seems to be of benefit for this purpose. For safety reasons, the use of n-heptane was recommended. Second, an analysis practice (extraction time and the way of mixing…

Możliwości energetycznego wykorzystania biomasy mikroalg

2016

Niniejsze opracowanie przedstawia możliwości zastosowania mikroalg do produkcji biopaliw III generacji - biodiesla, bioetanolu i biowodoru. Opisano parametry - CO2, temperatura, pH, światło i inne - zapewniające optymalne warunki hodowli mikroalg w fotobioreaktorach. Dokonano charakterystyki fotobioreaktorów, pod kątem ich przydatności do hodowli mikroalg na cele energetyczne. Przedstawiono metody termochemicznego i biochemicznego przetwarzania biomasy glonów stosowane do produkcji poszczególnych biopaliw.

Hydrothermal liquefaction of wet waste biomass: a practical assessment to achieve an integral valorization of municipal sludge

2020

Hydrothermal liquefaction of municipal sludge was conducted to perform a practical assessment to achieve an integral valorization of this wet waste biomass. Experiments were done to investigate the effects of sub- and supercritical water and of the fluid dynamic regime on the energy recovery of the process and on the quality of the products. Experimental runs were performed at two different temperatures (350°C and 400°C) changing reaction time in order to work at the same kinetic severity of the process (LogR0=8.9, calculated as in ref. [3]). An improvement of the C % in the solid residues and of the ration of H/C of the biocrude was obtained when stirred reactor was used both in sub- and s…

Production and consumption of energy resources in ukraine in the context of renewable energy development

2019

Cheap and ecologically friendly energy resources are vital factors for sustainable development of the national economy. Due to global climate change and the depletion of fossil fuel resources, renewable energy may promote energy security and decrease harmful emissions. This paper aims at studying strategic directions for biofuel production and its utilization in Ukraine. On the basis of the literature review, steady world trends of renewable energy use have been revealed. Production of energy resources and the efficiency of their utilization have been analyzed. The modern aspects and priority of bioenergy use are highlighted. To evaluate the competitiveness of biofuels and their influence o…

Husk Energy Supply Systems for Sunflower Oil Mills

2020

Together with solar, wind, and hydro renewable energy sources (RES), biomass constitutes an integral part of the high-renewables electricity systems. Considerable feedstocks for electricity generation are process-based residues. Ukraine is the world leader in sunflower seed production, therefore, husk (a by-product of oil production) is a promising biofuel for combustion- based power plants. The plants consume primarily electricity and fossil fuels (natural gas or fuel oil) for steam production. Their usage affects the edible oil production cost and impacts on climate change. The above facts force us to look for alternatives. By-product (husk) utilization can reduce exhaustible energy consu…