Search results for "biotic resistance"
showing 10 items of 251 documents
Evaluation of antimicrobial resistance and virulence of enterococci from equipment surfaces, raw materials and traditional cheeses
2016
Forty enterococci isolated along the production chains of three traditional cheeses (PDO Pecorino Siciliano, PDO Vastedda della Valle del Belìce, and Caciocavallo Palermitano) made in Sicily (southern Italy) were studied for the assessment of their antibiotic resistance and virulence by a combined phenotypic/genotypic approach. A total of 31 Enterococcus displayed resistance to at least one or more of the antimicrobials tested. The strains exhibited high percentages of resistance to erythromycin (52.5%), ciprofloxacin (35.0%), quinupristin–dalfopristin (20.0%), tetracycline (17.5%), and high-level streptomycin (5.0%). The presence of tet(M), cat(pC221), and aadE genes for resistance to tetr…
Genome Sequence of Bifidobacterium breve INIA P734 (CECT 8178), a Strain Isolated from Human Breast Milk
2021
Departamento de Tecnología de Alimentos (INIA)
Sublethal streptomycin concentrations and lytic bacteriophage together promote resistance evolution.
2017
Sub-minimum inhibiting concentrations (sub-MICs) of antibiotics frequently occur in natural environments owing to wide-spread antibiotic leakage by human action. Even though the concentrations are very low, these sub-MICs have recently been shown to alter bacterial populations by selecting for antibiotic resistance and increasing the rate of adaptive evolution. However, studies are lacking on how these effects reverberate into key ecological interactions, such as bacteria-phage interactions. Previously, co-selection of bacteria by phages and antibiotic concentrations exceeding MICs has been hypothesized to decrease the rate of resistance evolution because of fitness costs associated with re…
A new class of phenylhydrazinylidene derivatives as inhibitors of Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation
2016
In the struggle against the emergence of the antibiotic resistance, new molecules targeting biofilm formation could be useful as adjuvant of conventional antibiotics. This study focused on a new class of 2-phenylhydrazinylidene derivatives as antivirulence agents. The compound 12e showed interesting activities against biofilm formation of all tested Staphylococcus aureus strains with IC50 ranging from 1.7 to 43 µM; compounds 12f and 13a resulted strong inhibitors of S. aureus ATCC 6538 and ATCC 29213 biofilm formation with IC50 of 0.9 and 0.8 µM, respectively. A preliminary study on the mechanism of action was carried on evaluating the inhibition of sortase A transpeptidase. Compound 12e re…
Minor environmental concentrations of antibiotics can modify bacterial virulence in co-infection with a non-targeted parasite.
2018
Leakage of medical residues into the environment can significantly impact natural communities. For example, antibiotic contamination from agriculture and aquaculture can directly influence targeted pathogens, but also other non-targeted taxa of commensals and parasites that regularly co-occur and co-infect the same host. Consequently, antibiotics could significantly alter interspecific interactions and epidemiology of the co-infecting parasite community. We studied how minor environmental concentrations of antibiotic affects the co-infection of two parasites, the bacterium Flavobacterium columnare and the fluke Diplostomum pseudospathaceum , in their fish host. We found that antibiotic in …
Vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecium (VRE) vertebral osteomyelitis after uneventful spinal surgery: A case report and literature review
2017
Abstract Objective Case report and literature review. Background Enterococcus faecium is an emerging pathogen responsible for post procedural infections in patients who have undergone spinal decompression surgery. In this case report, the authors discuss and review recent literature on approaches to post-operative spinal infection. Case report We herein report the case of a 55-year-old HIV-negative Caucasian Italian woman who showed vertebral osteomyelitis with abscesses around the interbody cage caused by an Enterococcus faecium vancomycin resistant gen-Van A, following a Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion (TLIF). The same strain was detected in disc biopsy, urine culture and rectal sw…
Bayesian approach to urinary ESBL-producing Escherichia coli
2014
This is a retrospective study about the prevalence of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli (EEC) in urinary specimens from patients from the Comunitat Valenciana from January 2007 to December 2008. Data were retrieved from RedMIVA, and Bayesian generalized linear mixed models were considered to study the prevalence of EEC with regard to demographical and microbiological factors. The total number of infections considered was 164,502, the amount of urinary isolates was 70,827 belonging to 49,304 different patients, and 5,161 (7.3%) of the urinary isolates were EEC. Three out of four E. coli were isolated in women (76.8%), men showed higher rates of EEC (9.7% in men vs. 6.5% in women). EEC patients…
The forgotten tale of Brazilian phage therapy
2020
The use of bacteriophages to treat bacterial infections (known as phage therapy) is considered a possible solution to the antimicrobial resistance crisis. However, phage therapy is not a new concept. The discovery of phages in the early 20th century was closely tied to clinical practice, and phage therapy quickly spread around the world. The use of phage therapy in South America in the previous century is still shrouded in mystery and has been mentioned only briefly in recent scientific literature. Research on Brazilian reference collections of medical texts showed that Brazil was an important, but so far little-known, player of phage therapy, uncovering interesting priority claims and miss…
Use of antibiotics by spanish dentists receiving postgraduate training in endodontics
2018
Background The incidence of endodontic infections is high. The contribution of Endodontics to the global problem of antibiotic resistance could be significant. The ESE, together with the World Health Organization, are promoting the World Antibiotic Awareness Week (13-19 November 2017) to promote the appropriate use of systemic antibiotics in Endodontics. The objective of this study was to determine the prescription pattern of antibiotics in the treatment of endodontic infections of Spanish dentists attending specialization programs in Endodontics. Material and Methods Dentists from five Spanish endodontic postgraduate programs were requested to answer a one-page questionnaire surveying abou…
Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae Endogenous Endophthalmitis—A Global Emerging Disease
2021
The review aims to document the new emerging hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (Kp) endogenous endophthalmitis (EKE) in terms of incidence, microbiological characterization of the pathogenic agent, associated risk factors, management, and outcomes. Hypervirulent (hv) strains of KP (hvKp) induce invasive liver abscesses (LA) with specific clinical features. Up to 80–90% of cases have hepatic liver abscess as a primary focus of infection, followed by renal or lung hvKp infections. However, the incidence of EKE in patients with KPLA varied between 3.4% (19) and 12.6% (13), with a total of 95 cases of endophthalmitis in 1455 cases of KPLA (6.5%). Severe visual loss was encountered in 75% of c…