Search results for "blood plasma"
showing 10 items of 162 documents
Suppression of intestinal microbiota-dependent production of pro-atherogenic trimethylamine N-oxide by shifting L-carnitine microbial degradation.
2014
Abstract Aims Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) is produced in host liver from trimethylamine (TMA). TMAO and TMA share common dietary quaternary amine precursors, carnitine and choline, which are metabolized by the intestinal microbiota. TMAO recently has been linked to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and severity of cardiovascular diseases. We examined the effects of anti-atherosclerotic compound meldonium, an aza-analogue of carnitine bioprecursor gamma-butyrobetaine (GBB), on the availability of TMA and TMAO. Main methods Wistar rats received L-carnitine, GBB or choline alone or in combination with meldonium. Plasma, urine and rat small intestine perfusate samples were assayed for L-car…
Intraoperative alteration of the total clearance of ascorbic acid in plasma
2003
Ascorbic acid (AA) is an important antioxidant in the plasma and has the tendency to postoperatively reduced values. This could be caused by an increased antioxidative activity of AA as a radical scavenger since operations are a well-known scenario of oxidative stress with increased radical production. There is some evidence for an intraoperative onset of oxidative stress which could be related to an increased antioxidative activity of AA. Therefore, the total clearance (Cltot) of AA was calculated pre- and intraoperatively in 20 neurosurgical patients. At both times plasma samples were taken before, and 15, 30, 60 and 120 minutes after an iv. AA-bolus of 4 mg/kg AA/body weight. Cltot of AA…
Different Behaviour of Plasma Antioxidant Status after Red Wine Consumption in Subjects of the Same Sex: A Preliminary Report
2012
<p>Several studies report that the plasma antioxidant capacity (PAC) increases after a single ingestion of red wine. However, data on the different behaviour of PAC after food intake in subjects of the same sex are still lacking. On the basis of these observations some investigations were undertaken in order to evaluate the effects of red wine intake on PAC in a homogeneous groups of healthy female volunteers (n=18). Additionally, the possible correlation between increase of PAC values and increase in uric acid levels was also assessed. PAC and uric acid concentrations were determined before wine intake and 50, 120 and 240 minutes thereafter. The results obtained following these studi…
Plasma cytokine profiles in patients with celiac disease and selective IgA deficiency
2003
Celiac disease (CD) and selective IgA deficiency (IgAD) are frequently associated, and share the same genetic background. The aim of the present study was to evaluate both Type 1 and 2 plasma cytokine levels in CD and in CD-IgAD. IL-2, TNF-alpha, IL-10, IL-4 and IL-13 plasma levels were measured both at diagnosis and after a gluten-free diet (GFD) in 32 CD patients, in 27 CD-IgAD patients and in 30 healthy controls. IFN-gamma levels were significantly higher in CD and CD-IgAD than in controls, TNF-alpha displayed significantly higher levels in CD-IgAD when compared both with controls and with CD, and IL-2 was in CD-IgAD significantly increased respect to controls. Kinetics of the Type 1 cyt…
Bestimmung von Tri-n-butylphosphat in Plasmapräparaten nach Festphasenextraktion und Kapillar-Gaschromatographie
1988
A simple method for the quantitative determination of tri-n-butylphosphate in blood plasma preparations is described. The sample is passed through an octadecyl extraction column from which tri-n-butylphosphate is eluted with chloroform. By capillary GC 50 micrograms/l tri-n-butylphosphate can be detected with a recovery of more than 90%.
Stability of 11-Nor-Δ9-carboxy-tetrahydrocannabinol Glucuronide in Plasma and Urine Assessed by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry
2002
Abstract Background: Unconjugated 11-nor-Δ9-carboxy-tetrahydrocannabinol (THCCOOH) in blood and urine has been proposed as a valuable marker, but the glucuronide (THCCOOglu) is present in considerably higher concentrations than the parent drug. Acyl glucuronides have been shown to be potentially reactive conjugates, which may affect the in vitro metabolite pattern. Methods: Extraction procedures and a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assay were developed and validated to investigate the stability of THCCOOglu in urine and plasma. Plasma and urine samples with added THCCOOglu were stored at −20, 4, 20, and 40 °C up to 10 days. Results: The glucuronide was stable at −20 °C in bo…
Prevention of Dominant IgG Adsorption on Nanocarriers in IgG‐Enriched Blood Plasma by Clusterin Precoating
2019
Abstract Nanocarriers for medical applications must work reliably within organisms, independent of the individual differences in the blood proteome. Variation in the blood proteome, such as immunoglobulin levels, is a result of environmental, nutrition, and constitution conditions. This variation, however, should not influence the behavior of nanocarriers in biological media. The composition of the protein corona is investigated to understand the influence varying immunoglobulin levels in the blood plasma have on the interactions with nanocarriers. Specifically, the composition of the nanocarriers' coronas is analyzed after incubation in plasma with normal or elevated immunoglobulin G (IgG)…
The determination of haemoglobin as cyanhaemiglobin or as alkaline haematin D-575. Comparison of method-related errors.
1989
In order to compare the accuracy of haemoglobin (Hb) determination methods, the commonly used cyanhaemiglobin (HiCN) method and the recently developed alkaline haematin D-575 (AHD) method (R. Zander, W. Lang & H. U. Wolf (1984) Clin. Chim. Acta 136, 83-93; H. U. Wolf, W. Lang & R. Zander (1984) Clin. Chim. Acta 136, 95-104) were tested with respect to method-related errors such as plasma, cell, and Hb errors. Both methods yield a series of more or less significant errors which generally lead to an overestimation of the Hb concentration in the order of 1%. However, in all three cases of plasma errors, i.e. normal plasma error, plasma error in lipaemic blood, and plasma error in bilirubinaemi…
Engineered membranes for residual cell trapping on microfluidic blood plasma separation systems. A comparison between porous and nanofibrous membranes
2020
AbstractBlood-based clinical diagnostics require challenging limit-of-detection for low abundance, circulating molecules in plasma. Micro-scale blood plasma separation (BPS) has achieved remarkable results in terms of plasma yield or purity, but rarely achieving both at the same time. Here, we proposed the first use of electrospun polylactic-acid (PLA) membranes as filters to remove residual cell population from continuous hydrodynamic-BPS devices. The membranes hydrophilicity was improved by adopting a wet chemistry approach via surface aminolysis as demonstrated through Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Water Contact Angle analysis. The usability of PLA-membranes was assessed th…
Angiopoietin-2 plasma dosage predicts time to first treatment and overall survival in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
2010
Abstract The clinical relevance of angiopoietin-2 (Ang2) in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) was previously suggested by the association between high Ang2, and shorter progression-free survival reported in small series of patients. Here, we evaluated Ang2 glycoprotein levels in plasma samples collected from a multicentric cohort of CLL patients (n = 316) using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method, and we investigated its prognostic role in relation to time to first treatment (TTFT) and overall survival. Based on a cutoff equal to 2459 pg/mL, we divided our cohort in 2 subsets (high and low Ang2) composing 100 (31.6%) and 216 (68.4%) patients, respectively. High Ang2 was predictive …