Search results for "blood vessel"
showing 10 items of 323 documents
Neuroblastoma patient-derived orthotopic xenografts reflect the microenvironmental hallmarks of aggressive patient tumours.
2016
AbstractTreatment of high-risk childhood neuroblastoma is a clinical challenge which has been hampered by a lack of reliable neuroblastoma mouse models for preclinical drug testing. We have previously established invasive and metastasising patient-derived orthotopic xenografts (PDXs) from high-risk neuroblastomas that retained the genotypes and phenotypes of patient tumours. Given the important role of the tumour microenvironment in tumour progression, metastasis, and treatment responses, here we analysed the tumour microenvironment of five neuroblastoma PDXs in detail. The PDXs resembled their parent tumours and retained important stromal hallmarks of aggressive lesions including rich bloo…
Preparation Steps for Measurement of Reactivity in Mouse Retinal Arterioles <em>Ex Vivo</em>
2018
Vascular insufficiency and alterations in normal retinal perfusion are among the major factors for the pathogenesis of various sight-threatening ocular diseases, such as diabetic retinopathy, hypertensive retinopathy, and possibly glaucoma. Therefore, retinal microvascular preparations are pivotal tools for physiological and pharmacological studies to delineate the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms and to design therapies for the diseases. Despite the wide use of mouse models in ophthalmic research, studies on retinal vascular reactivity are scarce in this species. A major reason for this discrepancy is the challenging isolation procedures owing to the small size of these retinal blo…
Wet Chemistry and Peptide Immobilization on Polytetrafluoroethylene for Improved Cell-adhesion
2016
Endowing materials surface with cell-adhesive properties is a common strategy in biomaterial research and tissue engineering. This is particularly interesting for already approved polymers that have a long standing use in medicine because these materials are well characterized and legal issues associated with the introduction of newly synthesized polymers may be avoided. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is one of the most frequently employed materials for the manufacturing of vascular grafts but the polymer lacks cell adhesion promoting features. Endothelialization, i.e., complete coverage of the grafts inner surface with a confluent layer of endothelial cells is regarded key to optimal perfo…
Extracellular matrix composition defines an ultra-high-risk group of neuroblastoma within the high-risk patient cohort
2016
Background: Although survival for neuroblastoma patients has dramatically improved in recent years, a substantial number of children in the high-risk subgroup still die. Methods: We aimed to define a subgroup of ultra-high-risk patients from within the high-risk cohort. We used advanced morphometric approaches to quantify and characterise blood vessels, reticulin fibre networks, collagen type I bundles, elastic fibres and glycosaminoglycans in 102 high-risk neuroblastomas specimens. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to correlate the analysed elements with survival. Results: The organisation of blood vessels and reticulin fibres in neuroblastic tumours defined an ultra-high-risk patient subgr…
Anatomical Variations in the Sinoatrial Nodal Artery: A Meta-Analysis and Clinical Considerations
2016
Background and Objective The sinoatrial nodal artery (SANa) is a highly variable vessel which supplies blood to the sinoatrial node (SAN). Due to its variability and susceptibility to iatrogenic injury, our study aimed to assess the anatomy of the SANa and determine the prevalence of its anatomical variations. Study Design An extensive search of major electronic databases was performed to identify all articles reporting anatomical data on the SANa. No lower date limit or language restrictions were applied. Anatomical data regarding the artery were extracted and pooled into a meta-analysis. Results Sixty-six studies (n = 21455 hearts) were included in the meta-analysis. The SANa usually aros…
Cardiac and vascular alpha(1)-adrenoceptors in congestive heart failure: a systematic review
2020
As heart failure (HF) is a devastating health problem worldwide, a better understanding and the development of more effective therapeutic approaches are required. HF is characterized by sympathetic system activation which stimulates α- and β-adrenoceptors (ARs). The exposure of the cardiovascular system to the increased locally released and circulating levels of catecholamines leads to a well-described downregulation and desensitization of β-ARs. However, information on the role of α-AR is limited. We have performed a systematic literature review examining the role of both cardiac and vascular α1-ARs in HF using 5 databases for our search. All three α1-AR subtypes (α1A, α1B and α1D) are exp…
Metabolic syndrome triggered by fructose feeding exacerbated laser-induced choroidal neovascularization in the rat
2013
Metabolic syndrome triggered by fructose feeding exacerbated laser-induced choroidal neovascularization in the rat. annual meeting of the association-for-research-in-vision-and-ophthalmology (ARVO)
Posttraumatic carotid-cavernous fistula: Pathogenetic mechanisms, diagnostic management and proper treatment. A case report.
2016
Journal Article; UNLABELLED Carotid-cavernous fistulas are an uncommon diseases characterized by abnormal communications between arteries and veins located in the cavernous sinus. According with Barrow´s classification they could be divided in two groups: direct and indirect. The typical symptoms showed by theses pathologies are: pulsating exophthalmos and orbital blow. The present study describes a case of direct posttraumatic carotid-cavernous fistula in a 26 years old man. Furthermore, we present the images that we used to make the diagnosis. In this light, we decided to treat this case with endovascular approach after considering several therapeutic options. The aim of the present repor…
CT angiography for the assessment of EVAR complications : a pictorial review
2022
Aortic aneurysm; Blood vessel prosthesis implantation; Endovascular procedures Aneurisma aórtico; Implantación de prótesis de vasos sanguíneos; Procedimientos endovasculares Aneurisma aòrtic; Implantació de pròtesis de vasos sanguinis; Procediments endovasculars Endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) is a minimally invasive treatment proposed as an alternative to open repair in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms. EVAR consists in a stent-graft placement within the aorta in order to exclude the aneurysm from arterial circulation and reduce the risk of rupture. Knowledge of the various types of devices is mandatory because some stents/grafts are more frequently associated with complication…
Periscopes, chimneys, sandwich and VORTEC to facilitate abdominal and thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair
2012
The VORTEC (VIABAHN open revascularization technique) and the chimney graft technique are tools with which to maintain or restore blood flow to the aortic branches and can be used intentionally or as a bailout procedure in open surgery or endovascular procedures. VORTEC is a stent graft-based vascular connection technique that achieves end-to-end anastomosis configuration; it is especially useful when the traditional suture technique proves (can be) cumbersome. It is also a speedy tool with virtually no blood flow interruption and no anastomotic bleeding, and patency rates compare favorably with sutured anastomosis. The chimney/periscope, as well as the sandwich graft technique (CHIMPES), i…