Search results for "botany"
showing 10 items of 4586 documents
Seasonal pattern of mannitol and malate accumulation in leaves of two manna ash species (Fraxinus ornusL. andF. angustifoliaVahl) growing in Sicily
2002
ABSTRACT The content of mannitol and malate was assayed enzimatically during spring, summer and autumn, in leaves of two species of ash, Fraxinus ornus L. and Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl, traditionally cultivated in Sicily for the extraction of manna. Both species contain high levels of mannitol and show, on a dry weight basis, a 65–80% increase in the summer content of this polyol. The malate content differs in the two species: in F. ornus it shows a summer increase, but it is relatively low (65–115 µmol g-1 DW), while in F. angustifolia it is higher (275–318 µmol g-1 DW), but remains more or less constant throughout the year. The results suggest that in these species, under the local field…
The phylogeny of the European high mountain genus Adenostyles (Asteraceae-Senecioneae) reveals that edaphic shifts coincide with dispersal events.
2013
UNLABELLED PREMISE OF THE STUDY Heterogeneity of edaphic conditions plays a large role in driving the diversification of many plant groups. In the Alps and other European high mountains, many closely related calcicole and calcifuge plant taxa exist. To better understand patterns and processes of edaphic differentiation, the phylogeny of the edaphically variable genus Adenostyles was studied. The genus contains three species, of which A. alpina has five subspecies. Each species and subspecies is largely confined to either calcareous or noncalcareous substrates. • METHODS We analyzed the phylogeny of Adenostyles using DNA sequences of nrITS, nrETS, nuclear chalcone synthase, and three plastid…
Typification of the marine siphonous green algae Caulerpa prolifera (Bryopsidales, Chlorophyta)
2015
The typification of the marine siphonous green algae Caulerpa prolifera (Forsskål) J.V. Lamouroux (≡ Fucus prolifer Forsskål) (Caulerpaceae), including f. obovata (J. Agardh) Weber-van Bosse and f. zosterifolia Børgesen, is discussed. Original material conserved in the Natural History Museum of Denmark (Copenhagen) at C (Herbarium Forsskålii) and in the Botanical Museum of Lund University at LD are designated as the corresponding lectotypes.
REINSTATEMENT OF THE DINOFLAGELLATE GENUS Tripos TO REPLACE Neoceratium, MARINE SPECIES OF Ceratium (DINOPHYCEAE, ALVEOLATA)
2013
Morphological and molecular data support the split at the genus level of the marine and freshwater species of the dinoflagellate Ceratium (Gonyaulacales, Dinophyceae). A new genus name Neoceratium F. Gomez, D. Moreira & P. Lopez-Garcia was proposed for the marine species. However, it is considered illegitimate (type species is type of Biceratium Vanhoffen), and the nomenclatural priority is here given for the genus Tripos Bory (type species Tripos muelleri ) which replaces Neoceratium . New combinations are proposed for the existing names of species and infraspecific taxa. Reinstalacion del genero de dinoflagelados Tripos para reemplazar a Neoceratium , especies marinas de Ceratium (Dinophy…
Culturable endophytic microbial communities in the circumpolar grass,Deschampsia flexuosain a sub-Arctic inland primary succession are habitat and gr…
2014
Summary Little is known about endophytic microbes in cold climate plants and how their communities are formed. We compared culturable putative endophytic bacteria and fungi in the ecologically important circumpolar grass, Deschampsia flexuosa growing in two successional stages of subarctic sand dune (68°29′N). Sequence analyses of partial 16S rRNA and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences of culturable endophytes showed that diverse bacteria and fungi inhabit different tissues of D. flexuosa. A total of 178 bacterial isolates representing seven taxonomic divisions, Alpha, Beta and Gammaproteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Acidobacteria, and 30 fungal isolates …
Mycorrhizal benefit differs among the sexes in a gynodioecious species
2010
Both plant sex and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis influence resource acquisition and allocation in plants, but the interaction between these two components is not well established. As the different plant sexes differ in their resource needs and allocation patterns, it is logical to presume that they might differ in their relationship with AM as well. We investigate whether the association with AM symbiosis is different according to the host plant sex in the gynodioecious Geranium sylvaticum, of which, besides female and hermaphrodite plants, intermediate plants are also recognized. Specifically, we examine the effects of two different AM fungi in plant mass allocation and phosphorus …
Limonium poimenum (Plumbaginaceae), a new chasmophyte species from Sicily
2014
Limonium poimenum is here proposed as a new species for Science. It is a very peculiar and extremely localized species, growing on a calcareous mountain of NW Sicily (southern Italy), where it grows on rupestrian places together with many other rare chasmophytic endemics. Iconography, morphological features, ecology and conservation status are provided, as well as a morphological comparison with L. todaroanum.
Analysis of the epiphytic bryophyte diversity of Sicily
2009
Sicilian epiphytic bryophyte diversity, based on literature and unpublished data, is assessed both quantitatively and qualitatively. The total number of taxa found on trees or shrubs is 133 (116 mosses and 17 liverworts). Among them, 38 are customary epiphytic, 21 cortico-saxicolous, 13 are indifferent and 61 occasionally epiphytic taxa. The most represented families are Orthotrichaceae (19.1%), which consists above all of several typically corticicolous species, Pottiaceae (19.1%) and Brachytheciaceae (12.6%) which both include many taxa that mainly colonize rock or ground substrates. From the chorological point of view, temperate taxa (33.8%) prevail, followed by oceanic-Mediterranean tax…
What is the origin of the Scottish populations of the European endemic Cherleria sedoides (Caryophyllaceae)?
2015
Cherleria sedoides L. (Minuartia sedoides (L.) Hiern) is a montane perennial which, with some species in Minuartia sect. Spectabiles, is more closely related to Scleranthus than to other Minuartia species and is therefore best restored to the reinstated and redefined genus Cherleria. Reconstruction of the ancestral area of the clade containing C. sedoides suggests that it evolved in the Alps or the Balkan peninsula. The species now has an unusual distribution, being present in the mountains of southern Europe and Scotland but absent from the Arctic. Three historical scenarios that might have led to the presence of the species in Scotland are outlined and tested by a molecular analysis compa…
Allium therinanthum (Amaryllidaceae), a new species from Israel
2014
Allium therinanthum, a new species of A. sect. Codonoprasum, is described and illustrated from southern Mt. Hermon (Israel). It is a late-flowering diploid species (2n = 16), growing on calcareous substrates of the mountain belt. It is a narrowly distributed geophyte, showing morphological relationships mainly with A. tardiflorum, a typical autumnal species also occurring in Israel within the pinewoods of Mt. Carmel. The morphology, karyology, leaf anatomy, ecology, conservation status and taxonomical relations are examined for both species. A taxonomic comparison with the most allied late flowering species of the sect. Codonoprasum is provided.